Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “slicing”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Numerical eigen-spectrum slicing, accurate orthogonal eigen-basis, and mixed-precision eigenvalue refinement using OpenMP data-dependent tasks and accelerator offload

Performing a variety of numerical computations efficiently and, at the same time, in a portable fashion requires both an overarching design followed by a number of implementation strategies. All of these are exemplified below as we present transitioning the PLASMA numerical library from relying on dependence-driven large tasks to achieving utilization of fine grain tasking and offload to hardware accelerators while keeping its core dependence sets: OpenMP source code pragmas and runtime for most system-level functionality and basic low-level numerical kernels provided directly by hardware vendors or open source projects with vendor contributions. We also present new algorithmic methods and their efficient parallel implementations including fine grained tasking for eigen-spectrum slicing and offload for mixed-precision eigenvalue refinement. We provide performance, scaling, and numerical results showing sizable gains over the available solutions from either the open source and vendor-provided packages.

Luszczek, Piotr↗
DOE OSTI2023

Hypersonic Fluid–Structure Interaction on a Cone–Slice–Ramp Geometry

In this study, fluid–structure interactions were measured between a representative control surface and the hypersonic flow deflected by it. The control surface is simplified as a spanwise finite ramp placed on a longitudinal slice of a cone. The front surface of the ramp contains a thin panel designed to respond to the unsteady fluid loading arising from the shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions. Experiments were conducted at Mach 5 and Mach 8 with ramps of different angles. High-speed schlieren captured the unsteady flow dynamics and accelerometers behind the thin panel measured its structural response. Panel vibrations were dominated by natural modes that were excited by the broadband aerodynamic fluctuations arising in the flowfield. However, increased structural response was observed in two distinct flow regimes: 1) attached or small separation interactions, where the transitional regime induced the strongest panel fluctuations. This was in agreement with the observation of increased convective undulations or bulges in the separation shock generated by the passage of turbulent spots, and 2) large separated interactions, where shear layer flapping in the laminar regime produced strong panel response at the flapping frequency. In addition, panel heating during the experiment caused a downward shift in its natural mode frequencies.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
NASA NTRS1973

Effect of low temperature on metabolism of rat liver slices and epididymal fat pads.

Study of low temperature effects on the metabolism of radioisotope-tagged glucose and palmitate in rat liver slices and epididymal fat pads. The obtained data suggest that the oxidative capacity of rat liver and adipose tissue is maintained at low temperatures to a greater degree than the synthetic capacity. It was concluded that sufficient energy can be produced at 17 C for maintenance of essential tissue functions by these two tissues but that the energy requirements may not be met at 7 C.

Hillyard, L. A.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Maximally slicing a black hole.

Analytic and computer-derived solutions are presented of the problem of slicing the Schwarzschild geometry into asymptotically flat, asymptotically static, maximal spacelike hypersurfaces. The sequence of hypersurfaces advances forward in time in both halves (u greater than or equal to 0, u less than or equal to 0) of the Kruskal diagram, tending asymptotically to the hypersurface r = 3/2 M and avoiding the singularity at r = 0. Maximality is therefore a potentially useful condition to impose in obtaining computer solutions of Einstein's equations.

Estabrook, F.↗
NASA NTRS1978

A Schottky-barrier solar cell on sliced polycrystalline GaAs

Antireflecting-metal-oxide-semiconductor (AMOS) technology has been applied to sliced wafers of polycrystalline GaAs having grain sizes of about 100 microns. Simulated AM1 sunlight efficiencies up to 14% were obtained, and studies using the scanning electron microscope showed that grain boundaries have a minimal effect on short-circuit current density. However, current-voltage characteristics show some influence on open-circuit voltage.

Yeh, Y. C. M.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Low-cost, high-efficiency silicon by heat exchanger method and fixed abrasive slicing technique

The paper describes the heat exchanger method (HEM) for growing silicon crystals. The problem of ingot cracking was solved by using a graded structure silica crucible, and vacuum processing eliminated expensive high-purity argon. Solar cells fabricated from HEM silicon demonstrated conversion efficiencies up to 15% (AM1) at low cost, using square cross-section, single crystal silicon. A modified multiblade slurry machine was adapted for multiwire fixed abrasive slicing of silicon which uses a diamond attached to wires; this method provides a conversion ratio of 1.08 sq m of wafer per kg of silicon ingot, and produces wafers free of edge chipping with a surface damage of 3-5 microns.

Khattak, C. P.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Ingot slicing machine and method

An improved method for simultaneously slicing one or a multiplicity of boules of silicon into silicon wafers is described. A plurality of vertical stacks of horizontal saw blades of circular configuration are arranged in juxtaposed coaxial alignment. Each blade is characterized by having a cutting diameter slightly greater than the cutting diameter of the blade arranged immediately above, imparting a simultaneous rotation to the blades.

Kuo, Y. S.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Solar cell and I.C. aspects of ingot-to-slice mechanical processing

Intensive efforts have been put into the growth of silicon crystals to suit today's solar cell and integrated circuit requirements. Each step of processing the crystal must also receive concentrated attention to preserve the grown-in perfection and to provide a suitable device-ready wafer at reasonable cost. A comparison is made between solar cell and I.C. requirements on the mechanical processing of silicon from ingot to wafer. Specific defects are described that can ruin the slice or can possibly lead to device degradation. These include grinding cracks, saw exit chips, crow's-foot fractures, edge cracks, and handling scratches.

Dyer, L. D.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Spectral slicing X-ray telescope with variable magnification

A telescope for viewing high frequency radiation (soft X-ray, extreme ultraviolet) is described. This telescope has a long focal length with a selection of magnifications despite a short housing. Light enters the telescope and is reflected by the telescope's primary optical system to one of several secondary mirrors at different locations on a movable frame. The secondary mirrors have varying degrees of magnification and select narrow spectral slices of the incident radiation. Thus, both the magnification and effective focal length field of view and wavelength can be altered by repositioning the moving frame. Configurations for spaceborne applications are discussed.

Hoover, R. B.↗
NASA NTRS1986

A slice of the universe

A preliminary discussion is presented of recent results obtained as part of the extension of the Center of Astrophysics redshift survey. Several features of the results are striking. The distribution of galaxies in the sample, which contains 1100 galaxies in a 6 deg x 117 deg strip going through the Coma cluster, looks like a slice through the suds in the kitchen sink. It appears that the galaxies are on the surfaces of bubble-like structures with diameters of 25-50/h-Mpc. The largest bubble in the survey has a diameter comparable with the most recent estimates of the diameter of the void in Bootes. This topology poses serious challenges for current models for the formation of large-scale structure. The best available model for generating these structures is the explosive galaxy formation theory of Ostriker and Cowie (1981).

De Lapparent, V.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Spectral slicing X-ray telescope

Layered synthetic microstructure (LSM) X-ray optics is investigated as a system for coupling a conventional glancing incidence X-ray mirror to a high sensitivity X-ray detector. It is shown that, by the use of figured LSM optics, it is possible to magnify the X-ray image produced by the primary mirrors so as to maintain their high inherent spatial resolution. The results of theoretical and design analyses of several spectral slicing X-ray telescope systems that utilize LSM mirrors of hyperboloidal, spherical, ellipsoidal, and constant optical path aspheric configurations are presented. It is shown that the spherical LSM optics are the preferred configuration, yielding subarcsecond performance over the entire field. The Stanford/Marshall Space Flight Center Rocket X-ray Telescope, which will utilize normal incidence LSM optics to couple a Wolter-Schwarzschild primary mirror to high resolution detectors for solar X-ray/EUV studies, is discussed. Design diagrams are included.

Hoover, R. B.↗
NASA NTRS1987

The spatial distribution of dwarf galaxies in the CfA slice of the universe

A complete (with the the exception of one) redshift sample of 58 galaxies in the Nilson catalog classified as dwarf, irregular, or Magellanic irregular is used to investigate the large-scale clustering properties of these low-surface brightness galaxies in the CfA slice of the universe (alpha in the range of 8-17 h, delta in the range of 26.5-32.5 deg). It is found that the low-surface brightness dwarf galaxies also lie on the structures delineated by the high-surface brightness normal galaxies and that they do not fill in the voids. This is inconsistent with a class of biased galaxy formation theories which predict that dwarf galaxies should be present everywhere, including the voids.

Thuan, Trinh X.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Solar magnetic field studies using the 12 micron emission lines. I - Quiet sun time series and sunspot slices

The use of the extremely Zeeman-sensitive IR emission line Mg I, at 12.32 microns, to study solar magnetic fields. Time series observations of the line in the quiet sun were obtained in order to determine the response time of the line to the five-minute oscillations. Based upon the velocity amplitude and average period measured in the line, it is concluded that it is formed in the temperature minimum region. The magnetic structure of sunspots is investigated by stepping a small field of view in linear 'slices' through the spots. The region of penumbral line formation does not show the Evershed outflow common in photospheric lines. The line intensity is a factor of two greater in sunspot penumbrae than in the photosphere, and at the limb the penumbral emission begins to depart from optical thinness, the line source function increasing with height. For a spot near disk center, the radial decrease in absolute magnetic field strength is steeper than the generally accepted dependence.

Deming, Drake↗
NASA NTRS1990

Fuselage design for a specified Mach-sliced area distribution

A procedure for designing a fuselage having a prescribed effective area distribution computed from -90 deg Mach slices is described. This type of calculation is an essential tool in designing a complete configuration with an effective area distribution that corresponds to a desired sonic boom signature shape. Sample calculations are given for M=2 and M=3 designs. The examples include fuselages constrained to have circular cross sections and fuselages having cross sections of arbitrary shape. It is found that, for a prescribed effective area distribution having sharp variations, the iterative procedure converges to a smoothed approximation to the prescribed distribution. For a smooth prescribed area distribution, the solution is not unique.

Barger, Raymond L.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Redshifts for a sample of fainter galaxies in the first CfA survey slice

Redshifts were measured for 93 of the 94 galaxies in the Zwicky-Nilson merged catalog with the value of m(B/01) between 15.5 and 15.7 and with right ascension alpha between 8(h) and 17(h) and declination delta between 29 and 30 deg. This region is within the one covered by the first slice of the CfA (Center for Astrophysics) survey. The galaxies reinforce features already visible in the earlier survey.

Thorstensen, J. R.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Interfacial stress state present in a 'thin-slice' fibre push-out test

An analysis of the stress distributions along the fiber-matrix interface in a 'thin-slice' fiber push-out test is presented for selected test geometries. For the small specimen thicknesses often required to displace large-diameter fibers with high interfacial shear strengths, finite element analysis indicates that large bending stresses may be present. The magnitude of these stresses and their spatial distribution can be very sensitive to the test configuration. For certain test geometries, the specimen configuration itself may alter the interfacial failure process from one which initiates due to a maximum in shear stress near the top surface adjacent to the indentor, to one which involves mixed mode crack growth up from the bottom surface and/or yielding within the matrix near the interface.

Kallas, M. N.↗