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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 865 records · Page 48
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

SU-F-BRB-05: Collision Avoidance Mapping Using Consumer 3D Camera

Purpose: To develop a fast and economical method of scanning a patient’s full body contour for use in collision avoidance mapping without the use of ionizing radiation. Methods: Two consumer level 3D cameras used in electronic gaming were placed in a CT simulator room to scan a phantom patient set up in a high collision probability position. A registration pattern and computer vision algorithms were used to transform the scan into the appropriate coordinate systems. The cameras were then used to scan the surface of a gantry in the treatment vault. Each scan was converted into a polygon mesh for collision testing in a general purpose polygon interference algorithm. All clinically relevant transforms were applied to the gantry and patient support to create a map of all possible collisions. The map was then tested for accuracy by physically testing the collisions with the phantom in the vault. Results: The scanning fidelity of both the gantry and patient was sufficient to produce a collision prediction accuracy of 97.1% with 64620 geometry states tested in 11.5 s. The total scanning time including computation, transformation, and generation was 22.3 seconds. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate an economical system to generate collision avoidance maps. Future work includes testing the speed of the framework in real-time collision avoidance scenarios. Research partially supported by a grant from Varian Medical Systems.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2016

WE-AB-202-12: Voxel-Wise Analysis of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Perfusion Maps in Multi-Parametric MRI of Prostate Cancer

Purpose: Multi-parametric MRI (mp-MRI) is being introduced in radiotherapy (RT) of prostate cancer, including for tumour delineation in focal boosting strategies. We recently developed an image-based tumour control probability model, based on cell density distributions derived from apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. Beyond tumour volume and cell densities, tumour hypoxia is also an important determinant of RT response. Since tissue perfusion from mp-MRI has been related to hypoxia we have explored the patterns of ADC and perfusion maps, and the relations between them, inside and outside prostate index lesions. Methods: ADC and perfusion maps from 20 prostate cancer patients were used, with the prostate and index lesion delineated by a dedicated uro-radiologist. To reduce noise, the maps were averaged over a 3×3×3 voxel cube. Associations between different ADC and perfusion histogram parameters within the prostate, inside and outside the index lesion, were evaluated with the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. In the voxel-wise analysis, scatter plots of ADC vs perfusion were analysed for voxels in the prostate, inside and outside of the index lesion, again with the associations quantified with the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: Overall ADC was lower inside the index lesion than in the normal prostate as opposed to ktrans that was higher inside the index lesion than outside. In the histogram analysis, the minimum ktrans was significantly correlated with the maximum ADC (Pearson=0.47; p=0.03). At the voxel level, 15 of the 20 cases had a statistically significant inverse correlation between ADC and perfusion inside the index lesion; ten of the cases had a Pearson < −0.4. Conclusion: The minimum value of ktrans across the tumour was correlated to the maximum ADC. However, on the voxel level, the ‘local’ ktrans in the index lesion is inversely (i.e. negatively) correlated to the ‘local’ ADC in most patients. Research agreement with Varian Medical Systems, not related to the work presented in this abstract.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2018

Analysis of Brachypodium genomes with genome-wide optical maps

Brachypodium distachyon (n = 5) is a diploid and has been widely used as a genetic model. Brachypodium stacei (n = 10) and B. hybridum (n = 15) are species that are related to B. distachyon , leading to an hypothesis that they are part of a polyploid series based on x = 5. Several lines of evidence suggest that this hypothesis is incorrect and that the genomes of the three taxa may have evolved by a more complex process. We constructed an optical whole-genome BioNano genome (BNG) map for each species and did pairwise alignment of the BNG maps. The maps showed that B. distachyon and B. stacei are both diploid, in spite of B. stacei having twice as many chromosomes as B. distachyon , and that B. hybridum is an allopolyploid formed from hybridization between B. distachyon and B. stacei . This study also demonstrated the use of BNG maps in the detection and quantification of structural variants among the genomes.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2018

Localization and Mapping Platform Software (LAMP) v3

The Localization and Mapping Platform (LAMP) software fuses radiation and contextual data to produce 3-D maps that locate and identify gamma-ray emitting sources in complex environments. It enables data collection, fusion, and processing onboard the LAMP system in handheld configurations, and enables near-real-time 3-D mapping from onboard an unmanned aerial system (UAS). This software enables a real-time 3-D gamma-ray mapping capability that is not available commercially.

Joshi, Tenzing↗
DOE OSTI2022

Mappymatch FKA: YAMM (Yet Another Map-Matcher) [SWR 22-38]

A surprisingly non-trivial technical challenge is to associate points in space (e.g., GPS data) with specific segments of a road network or map. The software package ( allows users to match GPS point data to a road network (commonly known as "map matching"). The software is designed such that a user could match a set of GPS points to a variety of different road network representations using a variety of map matching algorithms. There are currently several "built-in" road networks and map matching algorithms but the software has been designed to enable new ones to be added with minimal overhead.

Reinicke, Nicholas↗
DOE OSTI2025

FLORIS Wake Map [SWR-25-71]

The FLORIS Wake Map repository is a set of tools for creating maps of cluster wake impacts based on NREL's FLORIS software and modeling tool (https://github.com/nrel/floris). The floriswakemap package comprises two main modules: the wake_map module, dedicated to the WakeMap class, and the area_selector module, dedicated to the AreaSelector class. The WakeMap class is used to generate maps of wake impacts on both new and existing clusters, while the AreaSelector class provides selections of candidate areas for new developments based on an instantiated WakeMap object.

Sinner, Michael (Misha) [National Renewable Energy↗
DOE OSTI2024

Improving precision and accuracy of genetic mapping with genotyping-by-sequencing data in outcrossing species

This dataset contains all data and supplementary materials from "Improving precision and accuracy of genetic mapping with genotyping-by-sequencing data in outcrossing species". An Excel file a list of all QTLs and linkage group length (in cM) obtained with two different SNP-calling methods (Tassel-Uneak and Tassel-GBS), genetic map-construction method (linkage-only and reference order-corrected) and depth filters (12x, 20x, 30x and 40x) for genetic mapping of 18 biomass yield traits in a biparental Miscanthus sinensis population using RAD-Seq SNPs is provided as "Supplementary file 1". A Perl script with the code for filtering VCF and HapMap-formatted data files is provided as “Supplementary file 2”. Phenotype data used for QTL mapping is provided as “Supplementary File 3”. A Perl script with the code for the simulation study is provided as “Supplementary file 4”.

GenotypingSimulator↗
DOE OSTI2019

Spectroscopic setup for submicrometer-resolution mapping of low-signal absorption and luminescence using photothermal heterodyne imaging and photon-counting techniques

A spectroscopic setup that enables one to map the absorption and photoluminescence with submicrometer spatial resolution and high sensitivity is described. Here a photothermal heterodyne imaging pump/probe technique is employed for absorption mapping, and low-signal, spatially resolved photoluminescence is recorded using photon counting. High-spatial-resolution mapping is accomplished by using high-numerical-aperture microscope objective focusing laser beams (pump and probe) into a submicrometer spot and raster-scanning sample mounted on the nanopositioning translation stage. Performance of the setup is illustrated by mapping absorption and luminescence of the hafnium oxide film with embedded hafnium nanoparticles and multilayer dielectric grating. In both cases submicrometer spatial resolution is demonstrated and possible physical mechanisms leading to image contrast on a submicrometer scale is discussed

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2014

HAM-5 functions as a MAP kinase scaffold during cell fusion in Neurospora crassa

Cell fusion in genetically identical Neurospora crassa germlings and in hyphae is a highly regulated process involving the activation of a conserved MAP kinase cascade that includes NRC1, MEK2 and MAK2. During chemotrophic growth in germlings, the MAP kinase cascade members localize to conidial anastomosis tube (CAT) tips every 4 minutes, perfectly out of phase with another protein that is recruited to the tip: SOFT, a protein of unknown biochemical function. How this oscillation process is initiated, maintained and what proteins regulate the MAP kinase cascade is currently unclear. A global phosphoproteomics approach using an allele of mak-2 (mak-2Q100G) that can be specifically inhibited by the ATP analog 1NM-PP1 was utilized to identify MAK2 kinase targets in germlings that were potentially involved in this process. One such putative target was HAM5, a protein of unknown biochemical function. Previously, Δham-5 mutants were shown to be deficient for hyphal fusion. Here we show that HAM5-GFP co-localized with NRC1, MEK2 and MAK2 and oscillated with identical dynamics from the cytoplasm to CAT tips during chemotropic interactions. In the Δmak-2 strain, HAM5-GFP localized to punctate complexes that did not oscillate, but still localized to the germling tip, suggesting that MAK2 activity influences HAM5 function/localization. However, MAK2-GFP showed only cytoplasmic and nuclear localization in a Δham-5 strain and did not localize to puncta, as observed in wild type germlings. Via co-immunoprecipitation experiments, HAM5 was shown to physically interact with MAK2, MEK2 and NRC1, suggesting that it functions as a scaffold/transport hub for the MAP kinase cascade members during oscillation and chemotropic interactions during both germling and hyphal fusion in N. crassa. The identification of HAM5 as a scaffold-like protein will help to link the activation of MAK2 to upstream factors and other proteins involved in this intriguing process of fungal communication.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2013

Gravity Survey of the Carson Sink - Data and Maps

A detailed gravity survey was carried out for the entire Carson Sink in western Nevada (Figure 1) through a subcontract to Zonge Engineering, Inc. The Carson Sink is a large composite basin containing three known, blind high-temperature geothermal systems (Fallon Airbase, Stillwater, and Soda Lake). This area was chosen for a detailed gravity survey in order to characterize the gravity signature of the known geothermal systems and to identify other potential blind systems based on the structural setting indicated by the gravity data. Data were acquired at approximately 400, 800, and 1600 meter intervals for a total of 1,243 stations. The project location and station location points are presented in Figure 14. The station distribution for this survey was designed to complete regional gravity coverage in the Carson Sink area without duplication of available public and private gravity coverage. Gravity data were acquired using a Scintrex CG-5 gravimeter and a LaCoste and Romberg (L&R) Model-G gravimeter. The CG-5 gravity meter has a reading resolution of 0.001 milligals and a typical repeatability of less than 0.005 milligals. The L&R gravity meter has a reading resolution of 0.01 milligals and a typical repeatability of 0.02 milligals. The basic processing of gravimeter readings to calculate through to the Complete Bouguer Anomaly was made using the Gravity and Terrain Correction software version 7.1 for Oasis Montaj by Geosoft LTD. The gravity survey of the Carson Sink yielded a project location and station location map, a Complete Bouguer Anomaly @ 2.67 gm/cc reduction density, a Gravity Complete Bouguer Anomaly at 2.50 g/cc Contour Map, a Gravity Horizontal Gradient Magnitude Shaded Color Contour Map, a Gravity 1st Vertical Derivative Color Contour Map, and an Interpreted Depth to Mesozoic Basement incorporating drill-hole intercept values. A preliminary interpretation of these results suggests that the Carson Sink is a complex composite basin with several major depocenters. Major depocenters are present in the south-central, east-central, and northeastern parts of the basin. The distribution of gravity anomalies suggests a complex pattern of faulting in the subsurface of the basin, with many fault terminations, step-overs, and accommodation zones. The pattern of faulting implies that other, previously undiscovered blind geothermal systems are likely in the Carson Sink. The gravity survey was completed near the end of this project. Thus, more thorough analysis of the data and potential locations of blind geothermal systems is planned for future work.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2025

Multiscale maps of Active Layer Depth for Teller site Mile Marker 27 and Kougarok Mile Marker 80, Seward Peninsula, AK

Remote sensing maps of active layer depth derived from Unmanned Areal System (UAS) data. The UAS datasets were stepwise scaled until matching the AVIRIS-NG (Airborne Visible / Infrared Imaging Spectrometer - Next Generation) and Sentinel-2 spatial resolutions. Using the field observed Active Layer Depth (ALD) measurement in combination with spectral and topographic predictors derivatives from DJI UAS imagery, we used a spatially explicit RF regression model to predict and map ALD across our study landscapes. This package includes maps for Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiment Arctic (NGEE Arctic)’s Teller Mile Marker (MM) 27, and Kougarok MM80 (aka Mile 80) watersheds. The field, map data, and metadata are provided as geoTIF and text (*.csv) formats. These datasets are provided in support of Hantson et al., 2024 (accepted) “Scaling Arctic landscape and permafrost features improves active layer depth modeling”

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

High-resolution leaf area index maps generated from unoccupied aerial system, Teller Mile 27, Seward Peninsula, Alaska

Leaf area index (LAI), a measure of the amount of one-side leaf area per ground unit, is an important indicator of plant carbon, energy, and water cycle. In the heterogeneous Arctic landscapes, it has been challenging to accurately measure LAI across species and space needed for Earth system model validation. Here, we use multispectral unoccupied aerial systems (UASs) to scale up and map leaf area index (LAI) , in a low-Arctic tundra landscape on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. We linked previous published LAI measurements with high-resolution, UAS-collected multispectral data collected over the region of Next Generation Ecosystem Experiments in the Arctic (NGEE Arctic)’s Teller Mile Maker 27 site in 2022 to develop random forest (RF) machine learning models to predict and map LAI. 100 RF models were developed to account for uncertainties in ground LAI plot measurements and process scaling. This dataset includes a raster (*.tif) map of the mean LAI value of the 100 RF models, a raster (*.tif) map of the standard deviation of the RF-modeled LAI data, and a user guide (*.pdf).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2014

Road Map for Development of Crystal-Tolerant High Level Waste Glasses

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is building a Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) at the Hanford Site in Washington to remediate 55 million gallons of radioactive waste that is being temporarily stored in 177 underground tanks. Efforts are being made to increase the loading of Hanford tank wastes in glass while meeting melter lifetime expectancies and process, regulatory, and product quality requirements. This road map guides the research and development for formulation and processing of crystal-tolerant glasses, identifying near- and long-term activities that need to be completed over the period from 2014 to 2019. The primary objective is to maximize waste loading for Hanford waste glasses without jeopardizing melter operation by crystal accumulation in the melter or melter discharge riser. The potential applicability to the Savannah River Site (SRS) Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) will also be addressed in this road map. The planned research described in this road map is motivated by the potential for substantial economic benefits (significant reductions in glass volumes) that will be realized if the current constraints (T 1% for WTP and T L for DWPF) are approached in an appropriate and technically defensible manner for defense waste and current melter designs. The basis of this alternative approach is an empirical model predicting the crystal accumulation in the WTP glass discharge riser and melter bottom as a function of glass composition, time, and temperature. When coupled with an associated operating limit (e.g., the maximum tolerable thickness of an accumulated layer of crystals), this model could then be integrated into the process control algorithms to formulate crystal-tolerant high-level waste (HLW) glasses targeting high waste loadings while still meeting process related limits and melter lifetime expectancies. The modeling effort will be an iterative process, where model form and a broader range of conditions, e.g., glass composition and temperature, will evolve as additional data on crystal accumulation are gathered. Model validation steps will be included to guide the development process and ensure the value of the effort (i.e., increased waste loading and waste throughput). A summary of the stages of the road map for developing the crystal-tolerant glass approach, their estimated durations, and deliverables is provided.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2014

Economic Impacts Associated with Commercializing Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles in California: An Analysis of the California Road Map Using the JOBS H2 Model

Successful implementation of the California Road Map (the Road Map) for the introduction of hydrogen fueling stations to support a fleet of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) will produce positive economic impacts. Those impacts include jobs created or retained to develop and operate hydrogen fueling stations, earnings by businesses and workers so employed, and economic output generated by the activities required to develop and operate the stations. This report summarizes an analysis of those impacts as conducted by Argonne National Laboratory and RCF Economic and Financial Consultants for the U.S. Department of Energy’s Fuel Cell Technologies Office (FCTO). The analysis assumes that the cost and technical performance of stations that received awards under the 2014 solicitation of the California Energy Commission are representative of all stations to be deployed under the Road Map (subject to scale effects) and that information supplied by applicants representing the majority of those stations is representative of all. The analysis further assumes that all stations will be of a design similar to those developed in the initial years of the rollout, with additional equipment added as modules to achieve the targeted station capacity specified in the Road Map.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2018

Surface Temperature Mapping Models for STAR and CTF

This milestone presents a demonstration of a surface mapping model to map the surface temperature for single-phase STAR-CCM+ to Cobra-TF using average temperature data. This model can be used to generate high-resolution surface temperature data. This can be accomplished with linear equations or with an alternative non-linear model. Improvements and a path forward for the surface mapping model to be applied to two-phase temperature mappings is also laid out in this milestone report.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2019

Growing Self-Organizing Maps as Predictors for Photometric Redshift

The growing self-organizing map (GSOM) is one of the most wellknown variants of the famous self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm developed by Kohonen. It allows one to derive a discrete, low-dimensional feature map for a dataset without having to determine an appropriate size for the map. This algorithm was implemented from scratch in Wolfram Mathematica, and was applied to a portion of photometric data (and observed spectroscopic redshifts) from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) project. The rest of the data was fed into the trained GSOM, which gave a prediction for the photometric redshift based on the photometric fluxes. These then were compared with the actual values. When plotted on a graph and fitted with the line of perfect predictions, the resulting R 2 value is about 0.56, indicating a rough but significant correlation.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Self-Organizing Maps and Their Applications to Data Analysis

Self-Organizing Maps(SOMs) are a form of unsupervised neural network that are used for visualization and exploratory data analysis of high dimensional datasets. Our goal was to understand how we can use a SOM to gain insights about datasets. We do this by first understanding the initialization, training, error metrics, and convergence properties of the SOM. Next we discuss the ways to interpret and visualize a Self-Organizing Map. Finally we used real datasets to understand what the Self-Organizing Map can tell us about labeled and unlabeled data. Based on experiments with our datasets we found that the Self-Organizing Map can tell us about the spacing and position of high dimensional clusters, help us find non-linear patterns, and give us insight into the shape of our data.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2019

Developing a Map Catalog to Display Water Right Information from Washington State Department of Ecology Database

The procedure for developing an ArcGIS Map catalog is described using Data Driven Pages ArcGIS extension for depicting wells and associated water rights by township and range in eastern Washington intersecting Franklin, Adams, Benton, Walla Walla, Yakima, and Klickitat counties. A series of queries against a geodatabase were written to distill the most relevant information by each well for mapping purposes. A labeling system was designed using the advanced Maplex Label Engine to account for the dense spatial distribution of wells in certain areas, and to ensure this information was legible at mapped extents and zoom level. A total of 110 maps were generated.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗