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DOE OSTI2024

Tracing back the birth environments of Type Ia supernova progenitor stars: a pilot study based on 44 early-type host galaxies

The environmental dependence of Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) luminosities is well established, and efforts are being made to find its origin. Previous studies typically use the currently observed status of the host galaxy. However, given the delay time between the birth of the progenitor star and the SN Ia explosion, the currently observed status may differ from the birth environment of the SN Ia progenitor star. In this paper, employing the chemical evolution and accurately determined stellar population properties of 44 early-type host galaxies, we, for the first time, estimate the SN Ia progenitor star birth environment, specifically [Fe/H] Birth and [α/Fe] Birth . We show that [α/Fe] Birth has a $30.4^{\text{+10.6}}_{-10.1}{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ wider range than the currently observed [α/Fe] Current , while the range of [Fe/H] Birth is not statistically different ($17.9^{\text{+26.0}}_{-27.1}{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) to that of [Fe/H] Current . The birth and current environments of [Fe/H] and [α/Fe] are sampled from different populations (p-values of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test <0.01). We find that light-curve fit parameters are insensitive to [Fe/H] Birth (<0.9σ for the non-zero slope), while a linear trend is observed with Hubble residuals (HRs) at the 2.4σ significance level. With [α/Fe] Birth , no linear trends (<1.1σ) are observed. Interestingly, we find that [α/Fe] Birth clearly splits the SN Ia sample into two groups: SN Ia exploded in [α/Fe] Birth -rich or [α/Fe ]Birth -poor environments. SNe Ia exploded in different [α/Fe] Birth groups have different weighted-means of light-curve shape parameters: 0.81 ± 0.33 (2.5σ). They are thought to be drawn from different populations (p-value = 0.01). Regarding SN Ia colour and HRs, there is no difference (<1.0σ) in the weighted-means and distribution (p-value > 0.27) of each [α/Fe] Birth group.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2025

Galaxy-multiplet clustering from DESI DR2

We present an efficient estimator for higher-order galaxy clustering using small groups of nearby galaxies, or multiplets. Using the Luminous Red Galaxy (LRG) sample from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 2, we identify galaxy multiplets as discrete objects and measure their cross-correlations with the general galaxy field. Our results show that the multiplets exhibit stronger clustering bias as they trace more massive dark matter halos than individual galaxies. When comparing the observed clustering statistics with the mock catalogs generated from the N-body simulation AbacusSummit, we find that the mocks underpredict multiplet clustering despite reproducing the galaxy two-point auto-correlation reasonably well. This discrepancy indicates that the standard Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) model is insufficient to describe the properties of galaxy multiplets, revealing the greater constraining power of this higher-order statistic on galaxy-halo connection and the possibility that multiplets are specific to additional assembly bias. We demonstrate that incorporating secondary biases into the HOD model improves agreement with the observed multiplet statistics, specifically by allowing galaxies to preferentially occupy halos in denser environments. Our results highlight the potential of utilizing multiplet clustering, beyond traditional two-point correlation measurements, to break degeneracies in models describing the galaxy-dark matter connection.

cosmology↗

NASA NTRS1994

Imaging and spectroscopy of ionized shells in M33 and M31

This paper extends an examination of the spectral signature of the interaction of massive stars with the surrounding interstellar medium to the nearby spiral galaxies M33 and M31. H-alpha images and low-dispersion spectra have been obtained for eight giant ionized shell structures in M33 and two in M31. These structures are believed to be the result of the encircled groups of stars blowing holes in the gas through winds and supernova explosions. The emission-line ratios are compared to those of giant and supergiant shells in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Generally, the shells in M33 and M31 follow the same trend lines outlined by the shells and H II regions in the LMC with the M31 shells being offset to higher metallicity. However, unlike shells in the LMC, the M33 shells have some emission-line ratios that are not particularly distinct from those of H II regions in the same galaxy. Nevertheless, like the shells in the LMC, the emission-line ratios imply that the emission from the shells in M33 and M31 is dominated by photoionization processes. Upper limits to (O I)/H-alpha are consistent with this in most cases.

Hunter, Deidre A.↗

DOE OSTI2024

Asymmetric drift in MaNGA: mass and radially dependent stratification rates in galaxy discs

ABSTRACT We measure the age–velocity relationship from the lag between ionized gas and stellar tangential speeds in ∼500 nearby disc galaxies from MaNGA in Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). Selected galaxies are kinematically axisymmetric. Velocity lags are asymmetric drift, seen in the Milky Way’s (MW) solar neighbourhood and other Local Group galaxies; their amplitude correlates with stellar population age. The trend is qualitatively consistent in rate ($\dot{\sigma }$) with a simple power-law model where σ ∝ tb that explains the dynamical phase-space stratification in the solar neighbourhood. The model is generalized based on disc dynamical times to other radii and other galaxies. We find in-plane radial stratification parameters σ0,r (dispersion of the youngest populations) in the range of 10–40 km s−1 and 0.2 < br < 0.5 for MaNGA galaxies. Overall, brincreases with galaxy mass, decreases with radius for galaxies above 10.4 dex (M⊙) in stellar mass, but is ∼constant with radius at lower mass. The measurement scatter indicates the stratification model is too simple to capture the complexity seen in the data, unsurprising given the many possible astrophysical processes that may lead to stellar population dynamical stratification. None the less, the data show dynamical stratification is broadly present in the galaxy population, with systematic trends in mass and density. The amplitude of the asymmetric drift signal is larger for the MaNGA sample than the MW, and better represented in the mean by what is observed in the discs of M31 and M33. Either typical discs have higher surface-density or, more likely, are dynamically hotter (hence thicker) than the MW.

Bershady, Matthew A. (ORCID:0000000231314374)↗

NASA NTRS2003

Intermediate Element Abundances In Galaxy Clusters

We present the average abundances of the intermediate elements obtained by performing a stacked analysis of all the galaxy clusters in the archive of the X-ray telescope AKA. We determine the abundances of Fe, Si, S, and Ni as a function of cluster temperature (mass) from 1 - 10 keV, and place strong upper limits on the abundances of Ca and Ar. In general, Si and Ni are overabundant with respect to Fe, while Ar and Ca are very underabundant. The discrepancy between the abundances of Si, S , Ar, and Ca indicate that the alpha-elements do not behave homogeneously as a single group. We show that the abundances of the most well-determined elements Fe, Si, and S in conjunction with recent theoretical supernovae yields do not give a consistent solution for the fraction of material produced by Type Ia and Type II supernovae at any temperature or mass. The general trend is for higher temperature clusters to have more of their metals produced in Type II supernovae than in Type Ias. The inconsistency of our results with abundances in the Milky Way indicate that spiral galaxies are not the dominant metal contributors to the intracluster medium (ICM). The pattern of elemental abundances requires an additional source of metals beyond standard SNIa and SNII enrichment. The properties of this new source are well matched to those of Type II supernovae with very massive, metal-poor progenitor stars. These results are consistent with a significant fraction of the ICM metals produced by an early generation of population III stars.

White, Nicholas E.↗

DOE OSTI2021

NGC 6845 Revisited: Stellar Kinematics on the Early Type Member Galaxies

We observed the compact group of galaxies NGC 6845 with GMOS-S imaging and long-slit spectroscopy. The group itself is comprised of two spiral galaxies and two S0 galaxies, and shows signs of gravitational interaction among them. While the spiral galaxies have been already well studied, the two S0 galaxies have received little attention. We investigate the morphology and stellar kinematics of the two S0 galaxies in detail in order to derive the value for their mass and subsequently incorporate them into the mass model for the group. It was found that the internal kinematics of the largest S0 (NGC 6845 C) is mostly regular, while the smallest S0 (NGC 6845 D) shows some hint of interaction, most likely with NGC 6845 C and NGC 6845 A. The new determination of the dynamical mass of the group implies that the group mass has to be 10 times the combined mass of the individual members according to their internal kinematics. The results point to an early stage of the group interaction and also to the possibility that it has still not reached virial equilibrium. From the galaxy evolution viewpoint, this group represents an example of the case of the transformation of Spirals into S0 galaxies in dense environments.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

NASA NTRS1990

Correlations between environmental parameters and nuclear activity

The occurrence and quantitative properties of Seyfert 1 and Seyfert 2 galaxies as a function of the galaxy environment were studied in a systematic way. For this investigation the authors selected from the Catalogue of Quasars and Active Nuclei (Veron & Veron, 1989) all Seyfert galaxies with the following properties: (1) m sub V less than or equal to 15; (2) listed classification as Sey 1, Sey 2, or Sey 3; (3) v sub rad less than or equal to 20,000 km s(sup -1). This results in a sample size of 242 Seyfert galaxies. For all these objects their galaxy environment was inspected on plates. The vicinity of each sample Seyfert galaxy was searched for companion galaxies out to at least 0.5 Mpc. Lacking redshift information, the authors adopted as a companion galaxy any galaxy in this area having a size between 20 and 200 percent of the Seyfert galaxy size. As an important environmental parameter for Seyfert activity, the authors consider the galaxy density within an environment of 500 kpc radius. They distinguish four density classes: D1: no companion (isolated Seyfert); D2: 1 companion; D3: 2 to 5 companions (group); and D4: less than or equal to 6 companions (dense group). The distribution of the various Seyfert classes among these density classes is listed in tabular form, both in absolute numbers and in percentages (given in brackets). From these statistics the environments of Sey 1, Sey 2, and Sey 3 galaxies do not differ in general with the exception that among the isolated galaxies the Seyfert 1 galaxies dominate conspicuously. No significant dependence of morphological type (de Vaucouleurs T-type) on density class is observed both for Sey 1 and Sey 2 galaxies. On the basis of an extensive search of the Seyfert literature the authors also investigated the dependence of the intrinsic parameters of the sample Seyfert galaxies on density class.

Kollatschny, W.↗

NASA NTRS2001

The Seyfert-Starburst Connection in X-rays: Results and Implications - 2

We present the results of X-ray imaging and spectroscopic analysis of a sample of Seyfert 2 galaxies that contain starbursts, based on their optical and UV characteristics. These composite galaxies exhibit extended, soft, thermal X-ray emission, which we attribute to their starburst components. Comparing their X-ray and far-infrared properties with ordinary Seyfert and starburst galaxies, we identify the spectral characteristics of their various intrinsic emission sources. The observed far-infrared emission of the composite galaxies may be associated almost exclusively with star formation, rather than the active nucleus. The ratio of the hard X-ray luminosity to the far-infrared and [O III] (lambda)5007 luminosity distinguishes most of these composite galaxies from "pure" Seyfert 2 galaxies, while their total observed hard X-ray luminosity distinguishes them from "pure" starbursts. The hard nuclear X-ray source is generally heavily absorbed (N(sub H) greater than 10(exp 23)/sq cm) in the composite galaxies. Based on these results, we suggest that the interstellar medium of the nuclear starburst is a significant source of absorption. The majority of the sample are located in groups or are interacting with other galaxies, which may trigger the starburst or allow rapid mass infall to the central black hole or both. We conclude that starbursts are energetically important in a significant fraction of active galaxies and that starbursts and active galactic nuclei may be part of a common evolutionary sequence.

Levenson, N. A.↗

DOE OSTI2023

The impact of environmental effects on active galactic nuclei: A decline in the incidence of ionized outflows

Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) have generally been considered to be less frequent in denser environments due to a lower number of galaxy-galaxy interactions and/or the removal of their gas-rich reservoirs by the dense intergalactic medium. However, recent observational and theoretical works suggest that the effect of ram-pressure stripping acting on galaxies in dense environments might reduce the angular momentum of their gas, causing it to infall towards the super massive black hole at their centre, activating the AGN phase. In this work we explore the connection between environment and nuclear activity by evaluating the variation in the incidence of ionized outflows, a common phenomenon associated with nuclear activity, in AGNs across different environments. We select a sample of approximately 3300 optical AGNs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 13, which we match with a group catalogue to identify galaxies in isolation or residing in groups. We further probe their environments through the projected distance to the central galaxy of the group or cluster and the projected surface density to the fifth neighbour (δ 5 ). The presence of ionized outflows is determined through the modelling of the [O III] λ5007 emission line. We find that at lower masses (< 10 10.3 M ⊙ ), the fraction of ionized outflows is significantly lower in satellite AGNs (~7%) than in isolated (~22%) AGNs, probably due to their different AGN luminosity, L [O III] , in this stellar mass range. The fraction of outflows decreases at distances closer to the central galaxy of the group or cluster for all satellite AGNs; however, only the lower-mass ones (10 9 - 10 10.3 M ⊙ ) display a significant decline with δ 5 . Although this study does not include AGNs in the densest regions of galaxy clusters, our findings suggest that AGNs in dense environments accrete less gas than those in the field, potentially due to the removal of the gas reservoirs via stripping or starvation, leading to a negative connection between environment and AGN activity. Based on our results, we propose that the observed change in the incidence of outflows when moving towards denser regions of groups and clusters could contribute to the higher gas metallicities of cluster galaxies compared to field galaxies, especially at lower masses.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

NASA NTRS2003

Environmental Effects on the Metallicities of Early-Type Galaxies

We have completed and published two papers based on research from this grant. Our first paper "SN IA Enrichment in Virgo Early-type Galaxies from ROSAT and ASCA Observations" was published in the Astrophysical Journal (vol 539,603) reported on the properties of nine X-ray bright elliptical galaxies in the Virgo cluster observed by ROSAT and ASCA. We measured iron abundance gradients as a function of radius in three galaxies. We found that the magnesium and silicon abundance gradients were in general flatter than those of iron. We suggest this is due to a metallicity dependence in the metal production rates of SN Ia's. We calculate SN Ia rates in the center of these galaxies that are comparable to those measured optically. Our second paper "ASCA Observations of Groups at Radii of Low Overdensity: Implications for Cosmic Preheating" also was published in the Astrophysical Journal (vol 578, 74). This paper reported on the ASCA spectroscopy of nine groups of galaxies. We found that the entropy profile in groups is driven by nongravitational heating processes, and could be explained by a short period of preheating by galactic winds.

Jones, Christine↗

NASA NTRS2004

Environmental Effects on the Metallicities of Early-Type Galaxies

In this multi-year project to investigate the metal enrichment of early-type galaxies, we have used ROSAT, ASCA and now Chandra observations to study samples of galaxies. We have published two papers and a third paper that incorporates Chandra archival observations is nearing completion. Below, we briefly describe our findings. Our first paper "SN IA Enrichment in Virgo Early-type Galaxies from ROSAT and ASCA Observations" was published in the Astrophysical Journal (vol 539, 603) reported on the properties of nine X-ray bright elliptical galaxies in the Virgo cluster observed by ROSAT and ASCA. We measured iron abundance gradients as a function of radius in three galaxies. We found that the magnesium and silicon abundance gradients were in general flatter than those of iron. We suggest this is due to a metallicity dependence in the metal production rates of SN Ia's. We calculate SN Ia rates in the center of these galaxies that are comparable to those measured optically. Our second paper "ASCA Observations of Groups at Radii of Low Overdensity: Implications for Cosmic Preheating" also was published in the Astrophysical Journal (vol 578, 74). This paper reported on the ASCA spectroscopy of nine groups of galaxies. We found that the entropy profile in groups is driven by nongravitational heating processes, and could be explained by a short period of preheating by galactic winds. The third paper (in preparation) uses a sample of about 200 galaxies from both ROSAT and Chandra observations. In this paper we characterize both the nuclear and the extended X-ray emission for this sample. We will use these observations to determine the "on-time" of the X-ray emitting AGN and the fraction of "fossil groups" as well as to investigate how large AGN outbursts can sweep the galaxy of its hot ISM, thus leading to changes in the ISM metal enrichment.

Oliversen, Ronald J.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Stellar populations in local group dwarf elliptical galaxies. I - NGC 147

A color-magnitude diagram of NGC 147 to an I magnitude of 23 is presented. The stellar population in the outer parts of this elliptical galaxy resembles that of the globular clusters of the Milky Way. Quantitative comparison of the giant branch with those of globular clusters yields a mean metallicity of -1.2 + or - 0.2, making NGC 147 a part of the general correlation between mass and metallicity seen in ellipticals. The giant branch appears to be broad, which suggests a metallicity dispersion. The absence of asymptotic giant branch stars at luminosities above that of the red giant branch tip sets an upper limit of 10 percent for the fraction of stars in this NGC 147 field that have ages less than 12 Gyr. This result contrasts with the situation in some of the related, but less massive, dwarf spheroidal systems. If the choice is made to assume, rather than determine the stellar content of NGC 147, a distance of 630 + or - 50 kpc is derived, similar to that of M31.

Mould, J. R.↗

DOE OSTI2026

Precision Kinematic Sunyaev--Zel'dovich Measurements Across Halo Mass and Redshift with DESI DR2 and ACT DR6: Part I. Luminous Red Galaxies

We present the most precise measurements of the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect around luminous red galaxies to date, detecting the signal at $18σ$ significance in both harmonic and configuration space. Our analysis cross-correlates 2.4 million spectroscopic LRGs from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) DR2 sample with Data Release 6 (DR6) of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). We develop a novel harmonic-space cross-correlation approach using momentum-weighted kSZ templates, yielding nearly uncorrelated bandpowers within a framework consistent with other large-scale structure analyses. By incorporating the LRG halo occupation distribution (HOD) and its uncertainty, we convert measured galaxy gas profiles into halo gas profiles and provide generalized Navarro-Frenk-White (GNFW) fitting profiles, providing empirical targets for tuning feedback efficiency in hydrodynamical simulations and for baryonic modeling in large-scale structure analyses. We find strong evidence that gas profiles do not trace dark matter, providing direct evidence for gas redistribution beyond gravitational collapse. Comparing to hydrodynamical simulations, our measurements favor feedback efficiencies exceeding those in the Battaglia profile, suggesting more efficient gas ejection in group-scale halos than previously predicted. Splitting by redshift, we detect the kSZ signal at SNR $\approx 5$--$10$ in each of four bins and find amplitude evolution consistent with the expected decline in mean halo mass at fixed comoving number density. Splitting by stellar mass, we study the scaling of kSZ amplitude with galaxy properties. Together with BGS and ELG measurements in Paper II, these results span $0.1 \lesssim z \lesssim 1.6$ across three galaxy populations, demonstrating the potential of spectroscopic kSZ to map circumgalactic gas and constrain baryonic feedback.

Qu, F. J. [KIPAC, Menlo Park; Stanford U., HEPL; S↗

DOE OSTI2023

Disturbed, diffuse, or just missing? A global study of the H I content of Hickson compact groups

Hickson compact groups (HCGs) are dense configurations of four to ten galaxies, whose H I morphology appears to follow an evolutionary sequence of three phases, with gas initially confined to galaxies, then significant amounts spread throughout the intra-group medium, and finally with almost no gas remaining in the galaxies themselves. It has also been suggested that several groups may harbour a diffuse H I component that is resolved out by interferometric observations. The H I deficiency of HCGs is expected to increase as the H I morphological phase progresses along the evolutionary sequence. If this is the case, H I deficiency would be a rough proxy for the age and evolutionary state of a HCG. We aim to test this hypothesis for the first time using a large sample of HCGs and to investigate the evidence for diffuse H I in HCGs. We performed a uniform reduction of all publicly available VLA H I observations (38 HCGs) with a purpose-built pipeline that also maximises the reproducibility of this study. The resulting H I data cubes were then analysed with the latest software tools to perform a manual separation of emission features into those belonging to galaxies and those extending into the intra-group medium. We thereby classified the H I morphological phase of each group as well as quantified their H I deficiency compared to galaxies in isolation. We find little evidence that H I deficiency can be used as a proxy for the evolutionary phase of a compact group in either of the first two phases, with the distribution of H I deficiency being consistent in both. However, for the final phase, the distribution clearly shifts to high H I deficiencies, with more than 90% of the expected H I content typically missing. Across all HCGs studied, we identify a few cases where there is strong evidence for a diffuse gas component in the intra-group medium, which might be detectable with improved observations. We also classify a new sub-phase where groups contain a lone H I -bearing galaxy, but are otherwise devoid of gas. The new morphological phase we have identified is likely the result of an evolved, gas-poor group acquiring a new, gas-rich member. The large spread of H I deficiencies in the first two morphological phases suggests that there is a broad range of initial H I content in HCGs, which is perhaps influenced by large-scale environment, and that the timescale for morphological changes is, in general, considerably shorter than the timescale for the destruction or consumption of neutral gas in these systems.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

NASA NTRS2012

From the Blazar Sequence to the Blazar Envelope: Revisiting the Relativistic Jet Dichotomy in Radio-Loud AGN

We revisit the concept of a blazar sequence that relates the synchrotron peak frequency (Vpeak) in blazars with synchrotron peak luminosity (Lpeak, in vLv) using a large sample of radio-loud AGN. We present observational evidence that the blazar sequence is formed from two populations in the synchrotron Vpeak - Lpeak plane, each forming an upper edge to an envelope of progressively misaligned blazars, and connecting to an adjacent group of radio galaxies having jets viewed at much larger angles to the line of sight. When binned by jet kinetic power (Lkin; as measured through a scaling relationship with extended radio power), we find that radio core dominance decreases with decreasing synchrotron Lpeak, revealing that sources in the envelope are generally more misaligned. We find population-based evidence of velocity gradients in jets at low kinetic powers (approximately 10(exp 42) - 10(exp 44.5) erg s(exp -1)), corresponding to FR I radio galaxies and most BL Lacs. These low jet power 'weak jet' sources, thought to exhibit radiatively inefficient accretion, are distinguished from the population of non-decelerating, low synchrotron-peaking (LSP) blazars and FR II radio galaxies ('strong' jets) which are thought to exhibit radiatively efficient accretion. The two-population interpretation explains the apparent contradiction of the existence of highly core-dominated, low-power blazars at both low and high synchrotron peak frequencies, and further implies that most intermediate synchrotron peak (ISP) sources are not intermediate in intrinsic jet power between LSP and high synchrotron-peaking (HSP) sources, but are more misaligned versions of HSP sources with similar jet powers.

Meyer, Eileen T.↗

NASA NTRS2010

James Webb Space Telescope Project Overview and Status for the SPIE

Often described as the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope, the JWST will serve astronomers world-wide in much the same way: Science & mission operations managed by the Space Telescope Science Institute The science investigations performed by the JWST will be determined by the General Observer community. Observing time allocated through annual peer-reviewed proposal cycles Four science themes have been defined by a succession of international community working groups to guide engineering development of the JWST: a) Identify the first bright objects that formed in the early Universe, and follow the ionization history. b) Determine how galaxies and dark matter, including gas, stars, metals, overall morphology and active nuclei evolved to the present day. c) Observe the birth and early development of stars and the formation of planets. d) Study the physical and chemical properties of solar systems (including our own) and where the building blocks of life may be present.

Sabelhaus, Phillip A.↗

NASA NTRS1981

The infrared properties of active extragalactic nuclei

The observed infrared properties of the general classes of active extragalactic nuclei are reviewed with the purpose of relating the observations to the mechanisms responsible for the emission processes. Those observations which define the energy distributions and emission line ratios of broad groups of objects are summarized, including infrared, optical, and radio energy distributions, H-K colors, and line ratios for Seyfert galaxies, quasars, and BL Lac objects. The nature of the mechanisms responsible for the observed infrared continuum emission is discussed, the main candidates being thermal emission by dust in the nuclei and incoherent synchrotron emission. It is concluded that the former mechanism is the most likely one.

Soifer, B. T.↗

DOE OSTI2020

Constraining the properties of gaseous halos via cross-correlations of upcoming galaxy surveys and thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich maps

The thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (tSZ) effect induces a Compton-$\mathit{y}$ distortion in cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature maps that is sensitive to a line-of-sight integral of the ionized gas pressure. By correlating the positions of galaxies with maps of the Compton-$\mathit{y}$ distortion, one can probe baryonic feedback processes and study the thermodynamic properties of a significant fraction of the gas in the Universe. Using a model fitting approach, we forecast how well future galaxy and CMB surveys will be able to measure these correlations, and show that powerful constraints on halo pressure profiles can be obtained. In this work, our forecasts are focused on correlations between galaxies and halos identified by the upcoming Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument survey and tSZ maps from the Simons Observatory and CMB-S4 experiments, but have general applicability to other surveys, such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope. We include prescriptions for observational systematics, such as halo miscentering and halo mass bias, demonstrating several important degeneracies with pressure profile parameters. Assuming modest priors on these systematics, we find that measurements of halo-$\mathit{y}$ and galaxy-$\mathit{y}$ correlations with future surveys yield tight constraints on the pressure profiles of group-scale dark matter halos, and enable current feedback models to either be confirmed or ruled out.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗