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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1986

A non-mass-dependent oxygen isotope effect in the production of ozone from molecular oxygen - The role of molecular symmetry in isotope chemistry

It was previously reported that the reaction products from the synthesis of ozone in an electric discharge through molecular oxygen display a nonmass-dependent (NoMaDic) oxygen isotope effect. In this paper, a detailed characterization of the isotope effect, including the effect of molecular oxygen pressure, and the presence of a chemically inert third body (helium), is reported. The NoMaDic effect is due to an isotopically selective stabilization of the O3 formation reaction intermediate, possibly resulting from the ability of the different isotopomers to exhibit different molecular symmetries.

Heidenreich, J. E., III↗
NASA NTRS1989

ESCA study of several fluorocarbon polymers exposed to atomic oxygen in low earth orbit or within or downstream from a radio-frequency oxygen plasma

The ESCA (electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis) spectra of films of Tedlar, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (in the form of a Teflon FEP coating on Kapton H, i.e., Kapton F), and polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon or Teflon TFE), exposed to atomic oxygen O(3P) either in LEO on the STS-8 Space Shuttle or within or downstream from a radio-frequency oxygen plasma, were compared. The major difference in surface chemistry of Tedlar induced by the various exposures to O(3P) was a much larger uptake of oxygen when etched either in or out of the glow of an O2 plasma than when etched in LEO. In contrast, Kapton F exhibited very little surface oxidation during any of the three different exposures to O(3P), while Teflon was scarcely oxidized.

Golub, Morton A.↗
NASA NTRS1992

The effect of oxygen fugacity on the solubility of carbon-oxygen fluids in basaltic melt

The solubility of CO2-CO fluids in a midocean ridge basalt have been measured at 1200 C, 500-1500 bar, and oxygen fugacities between NNO and NNO-4. In agreement with results of previous studies, the results reported here imply that, at least at low pressures, CO2 dissolves in basaltic melt only in the form of carbonate groups. The dissolution reaction is heterogeneous, with CO2 molecules in the fluid reacting directly with reactive oxygens in the melt to produce CO3(2-). CO, on the other hand, is insoluble, dissolving neither as carbon, molecular CO, nor CO3(2-). It is shown that, for a given pressure and temperature, the concentration of dissolved carbon-bearing species in basaltic melt in equilibrium with a carbon-oxygen fluid is proportional to the mole fraction of CO2 in the fluid, which is a function of fO2. At low pressures CO2 solubility is a linear function of CO2 fugacity at constant temperatures.

Pawley, Alison R.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Breathing 100 percent oxygen compared with 50 percent oxygen:50 percent nitrogen reduces altitude-induced venous gas emboli

The study investigates effects of 40 zero-prebreathe decompressions of male subjects to 8.3-6.8 psia for 6 h while they were breathing 100 percent oxygen and performing moderate exercise. No decompression sickness (DCS) symptoms were observed. Severe venous gas emboli (VGE) were not detected at 8.3 psia, but were present during 10, 20, and 40 percent of the exposures at 7.8, 7.3, and 6.8 psia, respectively. Zero-prebreathe decompression while breathing 100 percent oxygen results in significantly lower VGE and DCS risk levels than while breathing a 50:50 mix. It is shown that 7.3 psia EVA pressure suits with 100 percent oxygen should be safer than 8.3 psia suits with a 50:50 mix.

Webb, James T.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Kinetics for the reaction between the solvated electron and dissolved oxygen in n-dodecane from 2.5 to 40 °C

Temperature-controlled, time-resolved picosecond electron pulse radiolysis was utilized to measure the rate of reaction between the solvated electron (eS–) and dissolved oxygen in n-dodecane solutions from 2.5 to 40 °C for the first time. At 20.0 °C, the reaction rate was determined to be k(eS– + O2) = (4.54 ± 0.21) × 1010 M-1 s-1, with an activation energy of Ea = 14.4 ± 1.3 kJ mol-1. These newly determined kinetic parameters are important for predicting and managing the effects of aerated environments on the degradation of organic solvents used in nuclear fuel reprocessing technologies.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
DOE OSTI2025

Multiplicity dependence of (multi-)strange hadrons in oxygen-oxygen collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ TeV using EPOS4 and AMPT

It is anticipated that the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will collect data from oxygen-oxygen (O+O) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7 TeV to explore the effects observed in high multiplicity proton-proton (p+p) and proton-lead (p+pb) collisions that closely related to lead-lead (Pb+Pb) collisions. Furthermore, these effects include azimuthal asymmetries in particle production, as well as variations in the abundances and momentum distributions across different hadron species, which are indicative of collective particle production mechanisms induced by the interactions in the presence of a QGP. The upcoming data on O+O collisions at the LHC are expected to constrain the model parameters and refine our understanding of theoretical models. In this work, the predicted transverse momentum (p T ) spectra, rapidity density distributions (dN/dy), particle yield ratios, and p T -differential ratios of (multi)strange hadrons produced in O+O collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7 TeV using AMPT and EPOS4 models are presented. AMPT focuses on preformed hadronic interactions, while EPOS4 incorporates a QGP phase. Stronger radial flow in EPOS4 as compared to AMPT is also observed. AMPT incorporates some flow effects, but the implementation of full hydrodynamic flow in EPOS4 appears to be significantly more effective in reproducing the existing experimental data. Both models predict the final state multiplicity overlap with p+p, p+pb, and Pb+Pb collisions.

Heavy-ion collisions↗
DOE OSTI2026

Observation of Suppressed Charged-Particle Production in Ultrarelativistic Oxygen-Oxygen Collisions

A hot and dense state of nuclear matter, known as the quark-gluon plasma, is created in collisions of ultrarelativistic heavy nuclei. Highly energetic quarks and gluons, collectively referred to as partons, lose energy as they travel through this matter, leading to suppressed production of particles with large transverse momenta (𝑝 T ). Conversely, high-𝑝 T particle suppression has not been seen in proton-lead collisions, raising questions regarding the minimum system size required to observe parton energy loss. Oxygen-oxygen (OO) collisions examine a region of effective system size that lies between these two extreme cases. The CMS detector at the CERN LHC has been used to quantify charged-particle production in inclusive OO collisions for the first time via measurements of the nuclear modification factor (𝑅 AA ). The 𝑅 AA is derived by comparing particle production to expectations based on proton-proton (𝑝⁢𝑝) data and has a value of unity in the absence of nuclear effects. The data for OO and 𝑝⁢𝑝 collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.36 TeV correspond to integrated luminosities of 6.1 nb −1 and 1.02 pb −1 , respectively. The 𝑅 AA is below unity with a minimum of 0.69 ± 0.04 around 𝑝 T = 6 GeV. The data exhibit better agreement with theoretical models incorporating parton energy loss as compared to baseline models without energy loss.

FOS: Physical sciences↗
DOE OSTI2025

Selection-bias effects on high-𝑝 𝑇 yield and correlation measurements in oxygen + oxygen collisions

Oxygen + oxygen (O+O) collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) offer a unique experimental opportunity to observe the onset of jet quenching in intermediate relativistic collision systems. As with the smaller proton-nucleus or larger nucleus-nucleus systems, measurements of centrality-selected high-𝑝 T processes in O+O collisions are expected to be sensitive to selection bias effects, which will be necessary to quantify or mitigate before a definitive conclusion on the presence of jet quenching. Using two Monte Carlo heavy-ion event generators, we provide a survey of centrality bias effects on high-𝑝 T yield and correlation measurements. Some highlights of our findings include that (1) bias factors for the accessible kinematic range at RHIC show a nontrivial 𝑝 T dependence, compared to a negligible one at the LHC given the smaller accessible Bjorken-𝑥 range, (2) centrality definitions based on multiplicity are less sensitive to bias effects than those based on the transverse energy, (3) the Angantyr generator gives qualitatively similar but larger-magnitude bias factors than Hijing, and (4) correlation measurements have a much smaller sensitivity to bias effects than do yield measurements. Furthermore, the findings here are intended to guide the experimental design and interpretation of O+O jet quenching and other hard-process measurements.

Hard scattering↗
NASA NTRS1976

A system using solid ceramic oxygen electrolyte cells to measure oxygen fugacities in gas-mixing systems

Details are given for the construction and operation of a 101.3 kN/sq m (1 atmosphere) redox control system. A solid ceramic oxygen electrolyte cell is used to monitor the oxygen fugacity in the furnace. The system consists of a vertical quench, gas mixing furnace with heads designed for mounting the electrolyte cell and with facilities for inserting and removing the samples. The system also contains the high input impedance electronics necessary for measurements, a simplified version of a gas mixing apparatus, and devices for experiments under controlled rates of change relative to temperature and redox state. The calibration and maintenance of the system are discussed.

Williams, R. J.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Electrochemical generation of oxygen. 1: The effects of anions and cations on hydrogen chemisorption and anodic oxide film formation on platinum electrode. 2: The effects of anions and cations on oxygen generation on platinum electrode

The effects were studied of anions and cations on hydrogen chemisorption and anodic oxide film formation on Pt by linear sweep voltammetry, and on oxygen generation on Pt by potentiostatic overpotential measurement. The hydrogen chemisorption and anodic oxide film formation regions are greatly influenced by anion adsorption. In acids, the strongly bound hydrogen occurs at more cathodic potential when chloride and sulfate are present. Sulfate affects the initial phase of oxide film formation by produced fine structure while chloride retards the oxide-film formation. In alkaline solutions, both strongly and weakly bound hydrogen are influenced by iodide, cyanide, and barium and calcium cations. These ions also influence the oxide film formation. Factors considered to explain these effects are discussed. The Tafel slope for oxygen generation was found to be independent on the oxide thickness and the presence of cations or anions. The catalytic activity indicated by the exchange current density was observed decreasing with increasing oxide layer thickness, only a minor dependence on the addition of certain cations and anions was found.

Huang, C. J.↗
NASA NTRS1981

JSC systems using solid ceramic oxygen electrolyte cells to measure oxygen fugacites in gas-mixing systems

Details are given for the construction and operation of a 101.3 KN/sq meter (1 atmosphere) redox control system. A solid ceramic oxygen electrolyte cell is used to monitor the oxygen fugacity in the furnace. The system consists of a vertical quench gas mixing furnace with heads designed for mounting the electrolyte cell and with facilities for inserting and removing the samples, a simplified version of a gas mixing apparatus, and devices for experiments under controlled rates of change of temperature. A thermogravimetric analysis system employing these techniques of redox control and measurement is also described. The calibration and maintenance of the system are discussed.

Williams, R. J.↗