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At least 199 records · Page 11

Solid state power controllers

Solid state power controllers (SSPC's) are to be considered for use as replacements of electromechanical relays and circuit breakers in future spacecraft and aircraft. They satisfy the combined function of both the relay and circuit breaker and can be remotely controlled by small signals, typically 10 mA, 5 to 28 v(dc). They have the advantage over conventional relay/circuit breaker systems in that they can be located near the utilization equipment and the primary ac or dc bus. The low level control, trip indication and status signals can be circuited by small gauge wire for control, computer interface, logic, electrical multiplexing, onboard testing, power management, and distribution purposes. This results in increased system versatility at appreciable weight saving and increased reliability. Conventional systems require the heavy gage load wiring and the control wiring to be routed from the bus to the load to other remote relay contacts, switches, sensors, etc. and to the circuit breaker located in the flight engineer's compartment for purposes of manual reset.

Gibbs, R. S.↗

Matrix bandwidth and profile reduction

This program, REDUCE, reduces the bandwidth and profile of sparse symmetric matrices, using row and corresponding column permutations. It is a realization of the algorithm described by the authors elsewhere. It was extensively tested and compared with several other programs and was found to be considerably faster than the others, superior for bandwidth reduction and as satisfactory as any other for profile reduction.

Crane, H. L., Jr.↗

MANSEE data analysis results

Results of the data reduction and analysis for the Marine Navigation Systems Evaluation Experiment (MANSEE) are presented. Topics discussed include: the MANSEE test; the navigation sensors which were exercised; the ground truth instrumentation and the processing of ground truth data; and the residual statistics for individual navigation sensors. Residuals were calculated by differencing the actual measurements with anticipated measurements computed from the ground truth trajectory. The results obtained by using the SEAMAP program to filter data from the navigation sensors are also presented. The resultant filtered trajectories were differenced with the corresponding ground truth trajectories to obtain navigation position and velocity errors.

Hatch, W.↗

A study of liquid propellant autoignition

Data and theory pertinent to the autoignition of liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants were reviewed. Physical models of the processes supporting or contributing to autoignition were developed. Emphasis was placed on the description of the physical environment and its relationship to the autoignition phenomenon.

Lester, D. H.↗

An algorithm for reducing the bandwidth and profile of a sparse matrix

A new algorithm for reducing the bandwidth and profile of a sparse matrix is described. Extensive testing on finite element matrices indicates that the algorithm typically produces bandwidth and profile which are comparable to those of the commonly-used reverse Cuthill-McKee algorithm, yet requires significantly less computation time.

Gibbs, N. E.↗

Distributed management of scientific projects - An analysis of two computer-conferencing experiments at NASA

Between August 1975 and March 1976, two NASA projects with geographically separated participants used a computer-conferencing system developed by the Institute for the Future for portions of their work. Monthly usage statistics for the system were collected in order to examine the group and individual participation figures for all conferences. The conference transcripts were analysed to derive observations about the use of the medium. In addition to the results of these analyses, the attitudes of users and the major components of the costs of computer conferencing are discussed.

Vallee, J.↗

Generalization of analytical tools for helicopter-rotor airfoils

A state-of-the-art finite difference boundary-layer program incorporated into the NYU Transonic Analysis Program is described. Some possible treatments for the trailing edge region were investigated. Findings indicate the trailing edge region, still within the scope of an iterative potential flow, boundary layer program, appears feasible.

Gibbs, E. H.↗

NR-150 adhesive development

A polyimide precursor adhesive solution, code-named NR-056X, was developed. It reproducibly gives low void, high strength bond lines at both room temperature and 589K (600 F) using either titanium or graphite/polyimide composite adherends having 12.7 mm (1/2 in.) overlaps. Lap shear samples prepared using this adhesive and composite adherends based on graphite/NR-150B2 were shown to have a high degree of resistance to such adverse environments as air at 589K (600 F), high humidity, methyl ethyl ketone and jet fuel. Bond line toughness was illustrated by the complete resistance to cracking in the wedge-crack propagation test. The available evidence indicates that wide area composite to composite or composite to metal bonding should be feasible.

Blatz, P. S.↗

First measurements of mesospheric vertical velocities by VHF radar at temperate latitudes

A program of ground-based VHF measurements of turbulence and of wave and tidal motions in the mesosphere has been initiated by the University of Illinois using a high-power radar facility located at Urbana, Illinois. Observations show scattering occurring intermittently during the daytime throughout the mesosphere. Vertical velocities exhibit the presence of gravity waves with dominant periods near 10 min and amplitudes ranging from less than 1 m/s to approximately 5 m/s.

Miller, K. L.↗

Performance Analysis of the Spaceborne Laser Ranging System

The 'spaceborne laser ranging system' is a proposed short pulse laser on board an orbiting spacecraft. It measures the distances between the spacecraft and many laser retroreflectors (targets) deployed on the earth's surface. The precision of these range measurements was assumed to be about plus or minus 2 cm. These measurements were then used together with the orbital dynamics of the spacecraft to derive the intersite vector between the laser ground targets. The errors associated with this vector were on the order of 1 to 2 cm. The baseline distances determined range from 25 km to 1200 km. By repeating the measurements of the intersite vector, strain and strain rate errors were estimated. The realizable precision for intersite distance determination was estimated to be on the order of 0.5 cm at 300 km and about 1.5 cm at 1200 km. The corresponding inaccuracies for the intersite distances were larger, than is 1 cm and 3.5 cm respectively. The corresponding precision in the vertical direction was 1 cm and 3 cm.

Kahn, W. D.↗

The Urbana coherent-scatter radar: Synthesis and first results

A coherent scatter radar system was synthesized and several hundred hours of echo power and line of sight velocity data obtained. The coherent scatter radar utilizes a diode array and components from meteor radar. The receiving system permits a time resolution of one minute in the data. Echo power from the D region shows a high degree of variability from day to day. Examples of changes in power level at shorter time scales are observed. Velocity data show the existence of gravity waves and occasionally exhibit vertical standing wave characteristics.

Gibbs, K. P.↗

A Precision Recursive Estimate for Ephemeris Refinement (PREFER)

A recursive filter/smoother orbit determination program was developed to refine the ephemerides produced by a batch orbit determination program (e.g., CELEST, GEODYN). The program PREFER can handle a variety of ground and satellite to satellite tracking types as well as satellite altimetry. It was tested on simulated data which contained significant modeling errors and the results clearly demonstrate the superiority of the program compared to batch estimation.

Gibbs, B.↗

Performance analysis of the Spaceborne Laser Ranging System

The performance of the Spaceborne Laser Ranging System in the determination of distances between ground-based targets is discussed. The system consists of an orbiting pulsed laser distance measurement system that sequentially measures the distance to retroreflector arrays on the ground. Intersite distances are then determined from an analysis of the vertical distance data and the spacecraft orbital dynamics. Results of computer simulations indicate that for a six-day observing period with 50 percent cloud cover, uncertainties of 1 to 3 cm are expected for intertarget separations of 50 to 1200 km, with vertical uncertainties from 1 to 12 cm. Furthermore, it is found that by redetermining relative target positions, precision can be increased to less than 0.3 cm to 1 cm in the baseline and to 0.4 to 4 cm in vertical distance. It is concluded that with these precisions, strain and strain rate can be determined for crustal dynamics and earthquake studies, and geodetic surveys can be performed.

Kahn, W. D.↗

Template-directed synthesis and selective adsorption of oligoadenylates in hydroxyapatite

Polyuridylic acid is adsorbed completely from aqueous solution by hydroxyapatite under conditions that permit template-directed synthesis of oligoadenylates in free solution. The yield of oligoadenylates is enhanced to almost the same extent by poly(U) in the presence or the absence of hydroxyapatite. Under very similar conditions small quantities of hydroxyapatite adsorb higher-molecular-weight oligoadenylates selectively from a mixture of oligomers. On the basis of these results a mechanism for prebiotic oligonucleotide formation is proposed in which selective adsorption on hydroxyapatite or some other immobilized anion-exchanging material plays a major role. Monomers are released from the surface for reactivation, while oligomers are retained in a protected environment by adsorption to the apatite surface.

Gibbs, D.↗

Estimation of Kalman filter model parameters from an ensemble of tests

A methodology for estimating initial mean and covariance parameters in a Kalman filter model from an ensemble of nonidentical tests is presented. In addition, the problem of estimating time constants and process noise levels is addressed. Practical problems such as developing and validating inertial instrument error models from laboratory test data or developing error models of individual phases of a test are generally considered.

Gibbs, B. P.↗

Covariance analysis of the airborne laser ranging system

The requirements and limitations of employing an airborne laser ranging system for detecting crustal shifts of the Earth within centimeters over a region of approximately 200 by 400 km are presented. The system consists of an aircraft which flies over a grid of ground deployed retroreflectors, making six passes over the grid at two different altitudes. The retroreflector baseline errors are assumed to result from measurement noise, a priori errors on the aircraft and retroreflector positions, tropospheric refraction, and sensor biases.

Englar, T. S., Jr.↗