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The MuFusE large-volume diamond anvil cell for exploring muon-catalyzed fusion at higher pressures and temperatures

Kalow, J. D. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000393750045)·Hinchen, J. T. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Harris, G. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000530464441)·Koukina, E. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:000900091552154X)·Harrington, D. M. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000219441810)·McDaniel, P. C. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000181475021)·Brennan, N. J. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Golossanov, A. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland)] (ORCID:0000000270445211)·Spool, I. D. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Zajac, D. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000918329000)·Mundt, M. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000711914632)·Varner, S. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000412345994)·Russell, M. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000255450928)·Bull, S. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)]·McCormack, K. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000336847169)·Mayer, D. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000161494196)·Knaian, L. E. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Khandaker, M. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)]·Stadolnik, W. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)]·Cutler, W. R. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000349000853)·Sampat, A. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Lau, K. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Betances, J. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Fagan, C. [Torion USA, Inc., Henrietta, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000284386208)·Shmayda, C. R. [Torion Plasma Corp., Barrie, ON (Canada)] (ORCID:000900070761168X)·Koch, M. [Torion USA, Inc., Henrietta, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0009000238392401)·Payne, K. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000079622774)·MacFadden, N. J. L. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000284813724)·Simon, J. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000023753396)·Peterson, K. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Gami, A. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000361779222)·Machavarapu, S. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000389453240)·Tejeda, A. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Katz, J. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Allen, J. A. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Chaney, R. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Kem, K. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Kiniti, I. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Badaracco, E. Garcia [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)] (ORCID:000000030860766X)·Lynch, K. R. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); City University of New York (CUNY), Jamaica, NY (United States). York College] (ORCID:0000000280071196)·Gandhi, P. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000228318614)·Johnstone, C. J. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000203806216)·Niner, E. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000343024937)·Petitjean, C. C. [Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland)]·Antognini, A. [Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland); Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zurich (Switzerland)] (ORCID:0000000218370419)·Shmayda, W. T. [Tritium Solutions, Inc., Henrietta, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000329490341)·Newburg, S. O. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000553667153)·Knaian, A. N. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000173366503)
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Abstract

A new large-volume diamond anvil cell (DAC) has been developed for the Muon-catalyzed Fusion (μCF) Experiment (MuFusE), enabling the compression and heating of deuterium–tritium (d–t) mixtures to pressures and temperatures needed to advance μCF research. The MuFusE DAC achieves the large sample volumes necessary for high-precision fusion measurements while integrating cryogenic loading, all-metal sealing, and flexible bellows to maintain a secure environment during cell compression. Combined with remote pneumatic actuation and secondary containment, the DAC safely managed a 25 Ci tritium inventory while providing a clear optical path for in situ measurements of sample pressure and composition via laser spectroscopy. Utilizing 5 mm diameter diamond anvils oriented in the path of a high-intensity muon beam, the apparatus achieved a stable sample volume of 19.2 mm 3 at liquid density, pressures up to 933 MPa and temperatures up to 400 K—benchmarks that significantly exceed previously reported limits for static d–t targets.

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BibTeXRIS

Kalow, J. D. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000393750045), Hinchen, J. T. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)], Harris, G. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000530464441), Koukina, E. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:000900091552154X), Harrington, D. M. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000219441810), McDaniel, P. C. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000181475021), Brennan, N. J. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)], Golossanov, A. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland)] (ORCID:0000000270445211), Spool, I. D. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)], Zajac, D. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000918329000), Mundt, M. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000711914632), Varner, S. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000412345994), Russell, M. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000255450928), Bull, S. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)], McCormack, K. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000336847169), Mayer, D. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000161494196), Knaian, L. E. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States)], Khandaker, M. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)], Stadolnik, W. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)], Cutler, W. R. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000349000853), Sampat, A. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)], Lau, K. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)], Betances, J. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)], Fagan, C. [Torion USA, Inc., Henrietta, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000284386208), Shmayda, C. R. [Torion Plasma Corp., Barrie, ON (Canada)] (ORCID:000900070761168X), Koch, M. [Torion USA, Inc., Henrietta, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0009000238392401), Payne, K. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000079622774), MacFadden, N. J. L. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000284813724), Simon, J. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000023753396), Peterson, K. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)], Gami, A. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000361779222), Machavarapu, S. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Northeastern University, Boston, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000389453240), Tejeda, A. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)], Katz, J. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)], Allen, J. A. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)], Chaney, R. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)], Kem, K. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)], Kiniti, I. [NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)], Badaracco, E. Garcia [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)] (ORCID:000000030860766X), Lynch, K. R. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States); City University of New York (CUNY), Jamaica, NY (United States). York College] (ORCID:0000000280071196), Gandhi, P. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000228318614), Johnstone, C. J. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000203806216), Niner, E. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000343024937), Petitjean, C. C. [Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland)], Antognini, A. [Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland); Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zurich (Switzerland)] (ORCID:0000000218370419), Shmayda, W. T. [Tritium Solutions, Inc., Henrietta, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000329490341), Newburg, S. O. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000553667153), Knaian, A. N. [Acceleron Fusion, Inc., Cambridge, MA (United States); NK Labs, LLC, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000173366503). 2026-09-04. The MuFusE large-volume diamond anvil cell for exploring muon-catalyzed fusion at higher pressures and temperatures. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0337239

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