DOE OSTI · 3011712
Common femtoscopic hadron-emission source in pp collisions at the LHC
Abstract
The femtoscopic study of pairs of identical pions is particularly suited to investigate the effective source function of particle emission, due to the resulting Bose–Einstein correlation signal. In small collision systems at the LHC, pp in particular, the majority of the pions are produced in resonance decays, which significantly affect the profile and size of the source. In this work, we explicitly model this effect in order to extract the primordial source in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV from charged π–π correlations measured by ALICE. We demonstrate that the assumption of a Gaussian primordial source is compatible with the data and that the effective source, resulting from modifications due to resonances, is approximately exponential, as found in previous measurements at the LHC. The universality of hadron emission in pp collisions is further investigated by applying the same methodology to characterize the primordial source of K–p pairs. The size of the primordial source is evaluated as a function of the transverse mass (m T ) of the pairs, leading to the observation of a common scaling for both π–π and K–p, suggesting a collective effect. Further, the present results are compatible with the m T scaling of the p–p and p–Λ primordial source measured by ALICE in high multiplicity pp collisions, providing additional evidence for the presence of a common emission source for all hadrons in small collision systems at the LHC. This will allow the determination of the source function for any hadron–hadron pairs with high precision, granting access to the properties of the possible final-state interaction among pairs of less abundantly produced hadrons, such as strange or charmed particles.
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Acharya, S. [Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC] (ORCID:0000000292135329), Adamová, D. [Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences] (ORCID:0000000205047428), Aglieri Rinella, G. [European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)] (ORCID:0000000296113696), Agnello, M. [Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN] (ORCID:0000000207605075), Agrawal, N. [INFN, Sezione di Bologna] (ORCID:0000000303489836), Ahammed, Z. [Homi Bhabha National Institute] (ORCID:0000000152417412), Ahmad, S. [Aligarh Muslim University] (ORCID:0000000304975705), Ahn, S. U. [Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information] (ORCID:000000018847489X), Ahuja, I. [P.J. Šafárik University] (ORCID:0000000244171392), Akindinov, A. [Affiliated with an Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN] (ORCID:0000000273883022), Al-Turany, M. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH] (ORCID:0000000280714497), Aleksandrov, D. [Affiliated with an Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN] (ORCID:0000000297197035), Alessandro, B. [INFN, Sezione di Torino] (ORCID:0000000196804940), Alfanda, H. M. [Central China Normal University] (ORCID:0000000256592119), Alfaro Molina, R. [Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México] (ORCID:0000000247137069), Ali, B. [Aligarh Muslim University] (ORCID:0000000208777979), Alici, A. [Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN] (ORCID:0000000336184617), Alizadehvandchali, N. [University of Houston] (ORCID:0009000073651064), Alkin, A. [European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)] (ORCID:0000000222055761), Alme, J. [University of Bergen] (ORCID:0000000301770536), Alocco, G. [INFN, Sezione di Cagliari] (ORCID:0000000189109173), Alt, T. [Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt] (ORCID:0009000548625370), Altamura, A. R. [INFN, Sezione di Bari] (ORCID:0000000180485500), Altsybeev, I. [Physik Department, Technische Universität München] (ORCID:0000000280797026), Alvarado, J. R. [Universidad Autónoma de Puebla] (ORCID:0000000250381337), Anaam, M. N. [Central China Normal University] (ORCID:0000000261804243), Andrei, C. [Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering] (ORCID:0000000185350680), Andreou, N. [University of Derby] (ORCID:0009000974576866), Andronic, A. [Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik] (ORCID:0000000223726117), Andronov, E. [Affiliated with an Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN] (ORCID:0000000304379292), Anguelov, V. [Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg] (ORCID:0009000602362680), Antinori, F. [INFN, Sezione di Padova] (ORCID:0000000273668891), Antonioli, P. [INFN, Sezione di Bologna] (ORCID:0000000175163726), Apadula, N. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000254786120), Aphecetche, L. [SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3] (ORCID:0000000176623878), Appelshäuser, H. [Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt] (ORCID:0000000306147671), Arata, C. [Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3] (ORCID:0009000219907289), Arcelli, S. [Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN] (ORCID:0000000163679215), Aresti, M. [Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN] (ORCID:0000000331426787), Arnaldi, R. [INFN, Sezione di Torino] (ORCID:0000000166989577), Arneiro, J. G. M. C. A. [Universidade de São Paulo (USP)] (ORCID:0000000251942079), Arsene, I. C. [University of Oslo] (ORCID:0000000323169565), Arslandok, M. [Yale University] (ORCID:0000000238888303), Augustinus, A. [European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)] (ORCID:0009000854606805), Averbeck, R. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH] (ORCID:0000000342774963), Azmi, M. D. [Aligarh Muslim University] (ORCID:0000000225016856), Baba, H. [University of Tokyo], Badalà, A. [INFN, Sezione di Catania] (ORCID:0000000205694828), Bae, J. [Sungkyunkwan University] (ORCID:0009000848068019), Baek, Y. W. [Gangneung-Wonju National University] (ORCID:0000000243434883), Bai, X. [University of Science and Technology of China] (ORCID:000900099085079X), Bailhache, R. [Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt] (ORCID:0000000179874592), Bailung, Y. [Indian Institute of Technology Indore] (ORCID:0000000311720225), Bala, R. [University of Jammu] (ORCID:0000000241162861), Balbino, A. [Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN] (ORCID:0000000203591403), Baldisseri, A. [Université Paris-Saclay, Centre d’Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN)] (ORCID:000000026186289X), Balis, B. [AGH University of Krakow] (ORCID:0000000230824209), Banerjee, D. [Bose Institute] (ORCID:0000000157437578), Banoo, Z. [University of Jammu] (ORCID:0000000271783001), Barile, F. [Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica ‘M. Merlin’ and Sezione INFN] (ORCID:0000000320881290), Barioglio, L. [Physik Department, Technische Universität München] (ORCID:0000000273289154), Barlou, M. [National and Kapodistrian University of Athens], Barman, B. [Gauhati University], Barnaföldi, G. G. [HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics] (ORCID:0000000192236480), Barnby, L. S. [STFC Daresbury Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000173579904), Barreau, E. [SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3] (ORCID:0009000315330782), Barret, V. [Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC] (ORCID:0000000306119283), Barreto, L. [Universidade de São Paulo (USP)] (ORCID:0000000264540052), Bartels, C. [University of Liverpool] (ORCID:0009000233714483), Barth, K. [European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)] (ORCID:0000000176331189), Bartsch, E. [Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt] (ORCID:0009000679284203), Bastid, N. [Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC] (ORCID:0000000269058345), Basu, S. [Lund University Department of Physics] (ORCID:0000000306878124), Batigne, G. [SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3] (ORCID:0000000186386300), Battistini, D. [Physik Department, Technische Universität München] (ORCID:0009000001993372), Batyunya, B. [Affiliated with an International Laboratory Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN] (ORCID:0009000929746985), Bauri, D. [Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT)], Alba, J. L. Bazo [Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú] (ORCID:0000000191489101), Bearden, I. G. [University of Copenhagen] (ORCID:0000000327843094), Beattie, C. [Yale University] (ORCID:0000000174314051), Becht, P. [GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH] (ORCID:0000000279083288), Behera, D. [Indian Institute of Technology Indore] (ORCID:0000000225997957), Belikov, I. [France] (ORCID:0009000559228936), Bell Hechavarria, A. D. C. [Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik] (ORCID:0000000204426549), Bellini, F. [Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN] (ORCID:0000000334984661), Bellwied, R. [University of Houston] (ORCID:0000000231560188), Belokurova, S. [Affiliated with an Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN] (ORCID:0000000248623384), Beltran, L. G. E. [Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa] (ORCID:0000000294136069), Beltran, Y. A. V. [Universidad Autónoma de Puebla] (ORCID:0009000282124789), Bencedi, G. [HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics] (ORCID:0000000290405292), Beole, S. [Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN] (ORCID:0000000346738038), Berdnikov, Y. [Affiliated with an Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN] (ORCID:0000000303095917), Berdnikova, A. [Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg] (ORCID:0000000337057898), Bergmann, L. [Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg] (ORCID:0009000455112496), Besoiu, M. G. [Institute of Space Science (ISS)] (ORCID:0000000152532517), Betev, L. [European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)] (ORCID:0000000213731844), Bhaduri, P. P. [Homi Bhabha National Institute] (ORCID:0000000178833190), Bhasin, A. [University of Jammu] (ORCID:0000000236878179), Bhat, M. A. [Bose Institute] (ORCID:0000000236431502), Bhattacharjee, B. [Gauhati University] (ORCID:0000000237550992). 2025-02-19. Common femtoscopic hadron-emission source in pp collisions at the LHC. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc%2Fs10052-025-13793-y
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