On the generation of synchrotron and X-ray emission from electrons with energy below mc super 2 in solar flares.
Synchrotron and X ray emission generation from upper chromosphere electrons during solar flares
Cline, T. L.↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Polarized Resonant Soft X-ray Scattering (P-RSoXS) as a New Technique for Characterizing Amorphous Astromaterials
In the coming years, samples will be returned from several asteroids, the lunar surface, and the first material returned directly from the Martian surface. Previous in-situ and remote studies indicate these samples will contain abundant amorphous or weakly crystalline materials. However, detailed characterization and quantification of these amorphous materials remains challenging. Conventional techniques, including electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, provide important information on material structure, but are generally limited to crystalline materials. Polarized resonant soft X-ray scattering (P-RSoXS) is a synchrotron-based X-ray scattering technique that has been used to characterize and quantify weakly crystalline systems, including soft materials. This research aims to translate this technique to geologic and extraterrestrial materials, building off the knowledge of using P-RSoXS to interrogate soft materials. P-RSoXS is well-suited to interrogate geologic materials, which are often multiphase, heterogeneous systems with crystalline and amorphous components, and domain sizes on the order of tens of nanometers. It is anticipated that future work will help reveal new chemical and structural information in geologic materials. Maturation of this preliminary work to develop P-RSoXS to characterize astromaterial-relevant samples will provide new understanding of the secondary processes responsible for the development of amorphous astromaterials and further elucidate our knowledge of the geologic history and past alteration processes.
Joshua H Litofsky↗
High energy electrons and emission of the omnidirectional synchrotron radiation in radio frequency and X-ray regions
High energy electrons and emission of galactic, omnidirectional synchrotron radiation in radio frequency and X rays regions
Verma, S. D.↗
Galactic X-ray Sources
Bremsstrahlung and synchrotron hypotheses considered as possible mechanisms for galactic X-ray production
GALACTIC RADIATION↗
High energy electrons and emission of the omnidirectional synchrotron radiation in radio- frequency and X-ray regions.
Primary electron flux and differential energy spectrum during 1966 solar minimum, noting omnidirectional synchrotron radiation emission in RF and X ray regions
Dev Verma, S.↗
Detection of X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula.
Two different types of X-ray polarimeters were used in a sounding rocket to search for X-ray polarization of the Crab Nebula. Polarization was detected at a statistical confidence level of 99.7%. If the X-ray polarization is assumed to be independent of energy, the results of this and a previous experiment lead to a polarization of 15.4 (plus or minus 5.2) percent at a position angle of 156 (plus or minus 10) deg. This result confirms the synchrotron model for X-ray emission from the Crab Nebula.
Novick, R.↗
The polarization of celestial X-rays.
Net polarization of celestial X-rays could lead to specification of source mechanism producing radiation
POLARIZED RADIATION↗
Contributions to X-ray physics in space
Background radiation in space and synchrotron X radiation in galaxy and pulsars
Schocken, K.↗
X-Rays form the Vela-Puppis Complex
A review of X-ray observations in the vicinity of the Gum nebula is presented. There is little doubt that the filamentary nebula Stromlo 16, the radio source Vela X, and the extended X-ray object Vel XR-2 are indications of the same, relatively nearby, supernova remnant. X-ray absorption measurements are consistent with a distance of 500 + or - 100 pc. The observed X-ray spectra have not yet distinguished between thermal bremsstrahlung and synchrotron radiation as the source mechanism. A search for low energy X-ray emission lines, both within the 5 deg diameter remnant and in the larger Gum nebula, may provide an important test for models of supernova remnant evolution.
Bunner, A. N.↗
Battery Failure Databank
The Battery Failure Databank contains thermal runaway results gathered from nearly 300 small format fractional thermal runaway calorimetry (S-FTRC) experiments. A majority of these experiments were conducted at synchrotron facilities where high-speed x-ray videography was conducted of the cell while tested inside of the S-FTRC. The databank is a two-component system which consists of a Microsoft ExcelTM spreadsheet which provides S-FTRC results in tabular format and a radiographic video library containing the high-speed x-ray videos. Overall, the databank provides thermal results from S-FTRC experiments conducted on a mixture of commercially available lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells and specialized Li-ion test cells with varying cell format (18650, 21700, and D-cell) and trigger mechanism (heaters, heaters plus internal short circuiting device, and nail penetration). The radiography video component provides insight into the initiation and propagation of TR in the cells, in addition to consequences of TR measured by the FTRC. Fractions of mass ejected for the cell types are separated into regimes based on the different failure modes of the cells, such as purely venting, partial ejection, and total ejection. With knowledge of the rate and characterization of the internal degradation of the cells during TR, and the amounts of mass ejected and unrecovered, the extent of TR, and therefore the mitigation of TR, is revealed relative to cell types and failure modes.
Lithium-ion battery↗
Theoretical Ideas Concerning X-ray Sources
Black body radiation, inverse Compton effect, thermal brehmsstrahlung, and synchrotron radiation which may give rise to hard protons
BLACK BODY RADIATION↗
X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy
Sources of X-rays and high-energy gamma rays, including inverse Compton effect, synchrotron radiation, brehmsstrahlung from hot plasma, and decay of neutral pions
X-RAY ASTRONOMY↗
A survey of the interpretations of radio and x-ray bursts
Generation mechanisms of radio and x-ray bursts from solar flares - bremsstrahlung from solar plasma, gyro and synchrotron radiation from electrons, and plasma radiation
RADIO BURST↗
X-ray emission from Sco x-1.
X-ray emission from Scorpio X-1, discussing origin of extar and possible role in stellar evolution
SCORPIO CONSTELLATION↗
Omnidirectional inverse Compton and synchrotron radiation from cosmic distributions of fast electrons and thermal photons.
Diffuse omnidirectional inverse Compton and synchrotron X and gamma radiation from cosmic distributions of fast electrons and thermal photons
X-RAY ASTRONOMY↗
Mechanism for the X-ray pulsations in Cyg X-1.
The mechanism proposed involves the occurrence of a flare in a region of high magnetic field on the surface of a star. The flare produces oscillations in the magnetic field structure. The oscillations lead to heating of the plasma in a flux tube which emits thermal radiation. The heating may be caused by magnetic pumping or particles accelerated in periodic bursts by the flare. Synchrotron radiation from high energy particles accounts for the hard X-ray emission.
Blumenthal, G. R.↗
Discrete extrasolar X-ray sources.
Galactic X ray sources observed in EM spectrum high energy region, discussing hot plasma cloud thermal radiation and electrons synchrotron radiation as emission sources
Rossi, B. B.↗