SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “obituaries”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Abraham Szöke [Abraham Szoke - Physics Today Obituary]
Abraham Szöke, who did groundbreaking work in quantum optics, laser fusion, high-energy-density (HED) physics, and x-ray crystallography, died from complications of lymphoma on 26 January 2017. Born in Budapest, Hungary, on 1 December 1929, Szöke was an excellent student in mathematics and science who placed near the top of the famous Eötvös mathematics competition. He survived the Holocaust, and in 1949 he escaped from Communist Hungary and emigrated to Israel. He earned his doctorate in physics, with Saul Meiboom and William Low as his advisers, in 1962 from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. As part of his thesis, he made the first measurement demonstrating the effect of radiation damping on nuclear magnetic resonance and its relation to transient maser action; that effect had been predicted a few years earlier by Nicolaas Bloembergen and Robert Pound.
Investigating Sociodemographic Disparities in Cancer Risk Using Web-Based Informatics
Cancer health disparities due to demographic and socioeconomic factors are an area of great interest in the epidemiological community. Adjusting for such factors is important when developing cancer risk models. However, for digital epidemiology studies relying on online sources such information is not readily available. This paper presents a novel method for extracting demographic and socioeconomic information from openly available online obituaries. The method relies on tailored language processing rules and a probabilistic scheme to map subjects’ occupation history to the occupation classification codes and related earnings provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. Using this information, a case-control study is executed fully in silico to investigate how age, gender, parity, and income level impact breast and lung cancer risk. Based on 48,368 online obituaries (4,643 for breast cancer, 6,274 for lung cancer, and 37,451 cancer-free) collected automatically and a generalized cancer risk model, our study shows strong association between age, parity, and socioeconomic status and cancer risk. Although for breast cancer the observed trends are very consistent with traditional epidemiological studies, some inconsistency is observed for lung cancer with respect to socioeconomic status.
Residential Mobility and Lung Cancer Risk: Data-Driven Exploration Using Internet Sources
Frequent relocation has been linked to health decline, particularly with respect to emotional and psychological wellbeing. In this paper we investigate whether there is an association between frequent relocation and lung cancer risk. For the initial investigation we leverage two online data sources to collect cancer and control subjects using web crawling and tailored text mining. The two data sources share different strengths and weaknesses in terms of the amount of detail, population representation, and sample size. One data source includes online obituaries. The second data source includes augmented LinkedIn profiles. For each data source, the subjects spatiotemporal history is reconstructed from the available information provided in the obituaries and from the education and work experience provided in the LinkedIn profiles. The study shows that lung cancer subjects have higher mobility frequency than the control group. This trend is consistent for both data sources.
Karl A. Gschneidner Jr (1930–2016)
Presented here is the obituary for Karl Albert Gschneidner Jr. He died on 27 April 2016. Nicknamed Mr Rare Earth, he holds an unparalleled place as the renowned authority in just about every aspect related to the science, technology and history of a very special family of elements — the rare earths.
To the memory of Nikolai Aleksandrovich Borisevich
Invaluable is the contribution of academician Borisevich to the development of optics, spectroscopy and their applications. He is the author of scientific discoveries and more than 600 scientific papers. For outstanding scientific achievements Nikolai Aleksandrovich was awarded the Lenin Prize, State Prize of the USSR and the Republic of Belarus. His scientific school gave a start in life to more than 30 candidates of science, 12 doctors, including 4 members of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. (obituary)
In memory of Artur Afanas'evich Mak (15 May 1930 – 21 February 2016)
The Russian laser science community has suffered a heavy loss. Artur Afanas'evich Mak, a renowned researcher, eminent organiser of Soviet and Russian science, Distinguished Science Worker of the Russian Federation, doctor of physics and mathematics, professor and a member of the Editorial Council of the Kvantovaya Elektronika (Quantum Electronics) journal, died in his 86th year. (obituary)
MO-D-BRD-01: Memorial to Bengt Bjarngard - Memorial Lecture
We lost a legendary medical physicist, Dr. Bengt Erik Bjarngard, to angiosarcoma an aggressive type of cancer. He devoted his life to providing improved methods of radiation treatment for this devastating disease over the last 36 years. Bengt was born in a rural village of Bjarnum in southern Sweden, located near forest and is known for its furniture making. He migrated to USA at the age of 35 and was recruited by Dr. Samuel Hellman to lead a group of physicists that became the “mecca of medical physics” known as the Joint Center of Radiation Therapy (JCRT) at Harvard Medical School in Boston. Bengt mentored some of the best physicists in the country, and many of our modern treatments go back to the early days of research at the JCRT. These accomplishments, dating from 1969–1989, include: dose optimization using computer control; soft wedges; stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS); total-body irradiation (TBI); CT-planning; and radiation dosimetry. Bengt worked at Brown University in Rhode Island and at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, where he provided major contributions in radiation dosimetry, specifically with the head scatter model. He advocated superior calculation algorithm through the Helax treatment planning system that was on par from most commercial systems. Bengt served as AAPM president in 1979 and was a recipient of the Coolidge Award in 1998. He had a lifelong love of nature, retiring in 2000 from the University of Pennsylvania to take care of his 200 acres of homestead forest in Maine. His legacy continues through his contributions to radiation dosimetry. This session, on small field dosimetry, is a small tribute to his memory. Further details can be found in his obituary in Med Phy, 41(4), 040801, 2014.
Charles Kittel
We discuss solid-state physicist Charles Kittel, a professor emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, passed away peacefully at his home in Berkeley on 15 May 2019, two months before his 103rd birthday. Born in New York City on 18 July 1916, Charlie entered MIT in 1934. He moved to Cambridge University in 1936 and received his BA there two years later. He earned his PhD degree in 1941 from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where his adviser was Gregory Breit. From 1940 to 1942, Charlie worked on problems in degaussing and magnetic mine warfare at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory. He served in the US Navy as a research physicist at a British Admiralty research establishment in Scotland and as a naval attaché at the US Embassy in London; he went on to work on antisubmarine warfare and operations research in Washington, DC, and London. In 1945 he returned to MIT, taking a position in the Research Laboratory of Electronics.
Alvin William Trivelpiece
An outstanding leader, physicist, and administrator, Alvin William Trivelpiece died on 7 August 2022 in Rancho Santa Margarita, California.