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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1982

Development of test methodology for dynamic mechanical analysis instrumentation

Dynamic mechanical analysis instrumentation was used for the development of specific test methodology in the determination of engineering parameters of selected materials, esp. plastics and elastomers, over a broad range of temperature with selected environment. The methodology for routine procedures was established with specific attention given to sample geometry, sample size, and mounting techniques. The basic software of the duPont 1090 thermal analyzer was used for data reduction which simplify the theoretical interpretation. Clamps were developed which allowed 'relative' damping during the cure cycle to be measured for the fiber-glass supported resin. The correlation of fracture energy 'toughness' (or impact strength) with the low temperature (glassy) relaxation responses for a 'rubber-modified' epoxy system was negative in result because the low-temperature dispersion mode (-80 C) of the modifier coincided with that of the epoxy matrix, making quantitative comparison unrealistic.

Allen, V. R.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Orbital Mechanics Analysis Program

Orbital Mechanics Analysis Program provides engineers with simple tool for analysis or synthesis of any orbital maneuvering function involving vehicle and target. Program useful in such applications as proximity operations and rendezvous maneuvers.

Simon, W. C.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Dynamic mechanical analysis of polymeric materials

Polymeric materials exhibit mechanical behavior which is dependent on temperature. Dynamic mechanical analysis measures the mechanical damping and resonant frequency of a material over a temperature range. Values of the dynamic loss modulus, storage modulus, and loss tangent can be calculated from these data. The glass transition temperature and onset temperature are obtained from curves of the dynamic moduli versus temperature.

Kern, Kristen T.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Transitory sensitivity in automatic chemical kinetic mechanism analysis

Abstract Detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms are necessary for resolving many important chemical processes. As the chemistry of smaller molecules has become better grounded and quantum chemistry calculations have become cheaper, kineticists have become interested in constructing progressively larger kinetic mechanisms to model increasingly complex chemical processes. These large kinetic mechanisms prove incredibly difficult to refine and time‐consuming to interpret. Traditional sensitivity analysis on a large mechanism can range from inconvenient to practically impossible without special techniques to reduce the computational cost. We first present a new time‐local sensitivity analysis we term transitory sensitivity analysis. Transitory sensitivity analysis is demonstrated in an example to accurately identify traditionally sensitive reactions at an 18,000x speed up over traditional sensitivities. By fusing transitory sensitivity analysis with more traditional time‐local branching, pathway, and cluster analyses, we develop an algorithm for efficient automatic mechanism analysis. This automatic mechanism analysis at a time point is able to identify the reactions a target is most sensitive to using transitory sensitivity analysis and then propose hypotheses why the reaction might be sensitive using branching, pathway, and cluster analyses. We implement these algorithms within the reaction mechanism simulator (RMS) package, which enables us to report the automatic mechanism analysis results in highly readable text formats and in molecular flux diagrams.

Johnson, Matthew S.↗
NASA NTRS1983

A fracture mechanics analysis for delamination growth during impact on composite plates

A fracture mechanics analysis has been developed that describes the progress of delamination damage in composite plates struck by a hard spherical object. The analysis is based on large deflection plate mechanics for circular isotropic plates wherein multiple axisymmetric delaminations grow. Test data show that the analysis predicts the influence of plate thickness, support conditions, and matrix toughness on the onset and propagation of delamination.

Bostaph, G. M.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Dynamic mechanical analysis and organization/storage of data for polymetric materials

Dynamic mechanical analysis was performed on a variety of temperature resistant polymers and composite resin matrices. Data on glass transition temperatures and degree of cure attained were derived. In addition a laboratory based computer system was installed and data base set up to allow entry of composite data. The laboratory CPU termed TYCHO is based on a DEC PDP 11/44 CPU with a Datatrieve relational data base. The function of TYCHO is integration of chemical laboratory analytical instrumentation and storage of chemical structures for modeling of new polymeric structures and compounds

Rosenberg, M.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Efficient probabilistic fracture mechanics analysis

A systematic and efficient method for probabilistic fracture mechanics analysis is proposed. The method is based on a most-probable-point-locus concept. The locus is obtained iteratively where the initial locus is determined using the linear approximation of the service life N(X) function about the mean values of the random variables X. Linear and quadratic approximations of N(X) are established locally at the most probable points, and the reliability analysis methods are used to compute the cumulative probabilities. By using two examples, the proposed method is demonstrated to be efficient and accurate. One example involved a random loading and N(X) was computed using cycle-by-cycle integration. The method is general and can be applied to other performance functions. It is particularly suitable when the computation of the performance function is time consuming such that Monte Carlo simulation is prohibitively costly.

Wu, Y.-T.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Fracture mechanics analysis of composite microcracking - Experimental results in fatigue

The Nairn (1989) variational mechanics analysis, which yields the energy release rate of a microcrack's formation between two existing microcracks, has proven useful in the fracture mechanics interpretation of cross-ply laminates' microcracking. Attention is presently given to the application of this energy release rate analysis to a fracture mechanics-based interpretation of microcrack formation during fatigue loading, for the case of fatigue experiments on three layups of Avimid K/IM6 laminates and four layups of Fiberite 934/T300 laminates. The single master Paris-law plot onto which the data from all layups of a given material system fall is claimed to offer a complete characterization of that system's microcrack-formation resistance during fatigue loading.

Nairn, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS1987

NASCRAC - A computer code for fracture mechanics analysis of crack growth

NASCRAC - a computer code for fracture mechanics analysis of crack growth - is described in this paper. The need for such a code is increasing as requirements grow for high reliability and low weight in aerospace components. The code is comprehensive and versatile, as well as user friendly. The major purpose of the code is calculation of fatigue, corrosion fatigue, or stress corrosion crack growth, and a variety of crack growth relations can be selected by the user. Additionally, crack retardation models are included. A very wide variety of stress intensity factor solutions are contained in the code, and extensive use is made of influence functions. This allows complex stress gradients in three-dimensional crack problems to be treated easily and economically. In cases where previous stress intensity factor solutions are not adequate, new influence functions can be calculated by the code. Additional features include incorporation of J-integral solutions from the literature and a capability for estimating elastic-plastic stress redistribution from the results of a corresponding elastic analysis. An example problem is presented which shows typical outputs from the code.

Harris, D. O.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Investigation of residual stress distribution in wire-arc directed energy deposited refractory molybdenum alloy utilizing numerical thermo-mechanical analysis and neutron diffraction method

Directed energy deposition (DED), a metal additive manufacturing (AM) technique, offers higher deposition rates and energy efficiency, making it suitable for fabricating components from refractory molybdenum alloys, such as molybdenum-titanium-zirconium (TZM). However, large thermal gradients and non-equilibrium thermal cycles in DED could generate high residual stress in the component, potentially deteriorating quality and performance. Thus, this study aims to investigate residual stress generation and its distribution in wire-arc DED of TZM thin-wall, utilizing thermo-mechanical analysis and high-fidelity neutron diffraction (ND) method. Two interpass temperatures (50°C and 200°C) have been considered to investigate their impact on residual stress formation. During experiments, in-situ thermal data has been recorded using thermocouples, which have been utilized for calibrating the thermal model. Thermocouple data shows a good agreement with the simulation results, having a difference of less than 10 %. Post-deposition part deformation has been observed, which is measured using a coordinate measuring machine, showing maximum values of 0.93 mm and 0.78 mm for interpass temperatures of 50°C and 200°C, respectively. Numerical predictions of distortion deviated by less than 15% from the experimental results. ND measurement and simulation results indicate that residual stress magnitude and evolution vary across the TZM deposits, revealing microstructural anisotropy in both conditions. Notably, lower interpass temperatures resulted in higher residual stresses, confirmed by experimental and simulation data. Further, this study demonstrated that an integrated experimental and thermo-mechanical analysis can potentially reveal the temperature history, part deformation, and residual stress formation in wire-arc DED TZM alloy.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1991

Variational mechanics analysis of the stresses in microdrop debond specimens

A recently derived variational mechanics analysis of stresses in single-fiber model composites has been applied to the analysis of the stresses in the microdrop debond specimen. The new analysis is more accurate than the commonly applied shear-lag or elastic-plastic analyses. The results from a sample stress state calculation suggest that interfacial failure between the fiber and the microdrop is by mode I or opening mode failure at the beginning of the microdrop. The opening mode failure is caused by a large tensile radial stress at the fiber/matrix interface. Previous analyses of microdrop debond data have been in terms of a shear strength. It is suggested that these analyses misrepresent microdrop debond results and recommend instead a failure analysis based on energy release rate and interfacial fracture toughness. A procedure for calculating the energy release rate for the growth of an interfacial crack is described.

Scheer, Robert J.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Thermal mechanical analysis of sprag clutches

Work done at Case Western Reserve University on the Thermal Mechanical analysis of sprag helicopter clutches is reported. The report is presented in two parts. The first part is a description of a test rig for the measurement of the heat generated by high speed sprag clutch assemblies during cyclic torsional loading. The second part describes a finite element modeling procedure for sliding contact. The test rig provides a cyclic torsional load of 756 inch-pounds at 5000 rpm using a four-square arrangement. The sprag clutch test unit was placed between the high speed pinions of the circulating power loop. The test unit was designed to have replaceable inner ad outer races, which contain the instrumentation to monitor the sprag clutch. The torque loading device was chosen to be a water cooled magnetic clutch, which is controlled either manually or through a computer. In the second part, a Generalized Eulerian-Lagrangian formulation for non-linear dynamic problems is developed for solid materials. This formulation is derived from the basic laws and axioms of continuum mechanics. The novel aspect of this method is that we are able to investigate the physics in the spatial region of interest as material flows through it without having to follow material points. A finite element approximation to the governing equations is developed. Iterative Methods for the solution of the discrete finite element equations are explored. A FORTRAN program to implement this formulation is developed and a number of solutions to problems of sliding contact are presented.

Mullen, Robert L.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Multiple methods integration for structural mechanics analysis and design

A new research area of multiple methods integration is proposed for joining diverse methods of structural mechanics analysis which interact with one another. Three categories of multiple methods are defined: those in which a physical interface are well defined; those in which a physical interface is not well-defined, but selected; and those in which the interface is a mathematical transformation. Two fundamental integration procedures are presented that can be extended to integrate various methods (e.g., finite elements, Rayleigh Ritz, Galerkin, and integral methods) with one another. Since the finite element method will likely be the major method to be integrated, its enhanced robustness under element distortion is also examined and a new robust shell element is demonstrated.

Housner, J. M.↗
NASA NTRS2023

Flight Mechanics Analysis Tools Interoperability and Component Sharing

As multiple flight mechanics (FM) analysis tools are developed to meet the unique scientific and operational requirements of NASA missions, sharing data, transferring models and trajectory information between tools can be complicated. The NESC recently explored ways that increase interoperability of three mission analysis tools: Copernicus, General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT), and Mission-Analysis Operations Navigation Toolkit Environment (MONTE). These tools are used to generate a variety of products throughout all phases of a mission including: maneuver planning, trajectory optimization and design, orbit determination, performance and error analysis, trade studies and sizing. Establishing a framework to share models, component data and trajectory information is an efficient way to leverage the benefits of an analysis tool without expending development costs to duplicate functionality.

Flight Mechanics Simulation↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Flight Mechanics Analysis of Low-Earth Orbit Flight Test of an Inflatable Decelerator

The Low-Earth Orbit Flight Test of an Inflatable Decelerator (LOFTID) successfully demonstrated the capability of an inflatable aeroshell. Prior to launch, flight mechanics analysis was conducted to better understand the predicted splashdown point of the re-entry vehicle and ejectable data recorder. Best estimated trajectory separation states were utilized to understand the LOFTID trajectory over the entire 36 minute launch window. Weather forecasting model were integrated into the simulation to improve trajectory prediction accuracy. Automation tools were developed to facilitate the rapid generation of trajectory predictions during operations. The resulting improvements to the flight mechanics modeling and simulation allowed for pre-launch splashdown point to be within 3 nautical miles of the actual splashdown point.

Rohan G Deshmukh↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Flight Mechanics Analysis of Low-Earth Orbit Flight Test of an Inflatable Decelerator (LOFTID)

The Low-Earth Orbit Flight Test of an Inflatable Decelerator (LOFTID) successfully demonstrated the capability of an inflatable aeroshell. Prior to launch, flight mechanics analysis was conducted to better understand the predicted splashdown point of the re-entry vehicle and ejectable data recorder. Best estimated trajectory separation states were utilized to understand the LOFTID trajectory over the entire 36 minute launch window. Weather forecasting model were integrated into the simulation to improve trajectory prediction accuracy. Automation tools were developed to facilitate the rapid generation of trajectory predictions during operations. The resulting improvements to the flight mechanics modeling and simulation allowed for pre-launch splashdown point to be within 3 nautical miles of the actual splashdown point.

Rohan Deshmukh↗
DOE OSTI2025

Magnetic and Mechanical Analysis of Bi-2212 Rutherford Cable in a Cos-Theta Sub-Scale Dipole Coil

The U.S. Magnet Development Program (US-MDP) explores high-field accelerator magnets compatible with operational conditions beyond the limits of Nb$_3$Sn technology. The ongoing R&D High-Temperature Superconductors (HTS) suggests using Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8-x}$ (Bi-2212) as superconducting element. Bi-2212 Rutherford cables maintain a high critical current (I$_C$) when exposed to a large external magnetic field. However, Bi-2212 exhibits an oversensitive stress-strain response when subject to large Lorentz forces. This paper reports on the magnetic and mechanical analysis of the Bi-2212 cosine-theta insert being developed at Fermilab for a hybrid magnet composed of two external layers of Nb$_3$Sn and two internal layers of Bi-2212. We performed a FEM analysis of the insert to estimate the HTS stress state in the coil's strands under magnetic and mechanical loads.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗