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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Model Assessment Wizard (MAW)

SAND2026-18710O The Model Assessment Wizard (MAW) is a tool for evaluating ontologies and provides users with a comprehensive workbench for analysis. MAW features sub-modules for visualization, alignment, Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) and Web Ontology Language (OWL) constraints, and simplification. Users can upload data, identify missing information, visualize ontologies, and update constraints. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525.

Murdock, Jaimie [Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Li↗
DOE OSTI2017

Meteorological Automatic Weather Station (MAWS) Instrument Handbook

The Meteorological Automatic Weather Station (MAWS) is a surface meteorological station, manufactured by Vaisala, Inc., dedicated to the balloon-borne sounding system (BBSS), providing surface measurements of the thermodynamic state of the atmosphere and the wind speed and direction for each radiosonde profile. These data are automatically provided to the BBSS during the launch procedure and included in the radiosonde profile as the surface measurements of record for the sounding. The MAWS core set of measurements is: Barometric Pressure (hPa), Temperature (°C), Relative Humidity (%), Arithmetic-Averaged Wind Speed (m/s), and Vector-Averaged Wind Direction (deg). The sensors that collect the core variables are mounted at the standard heights defined for each variable.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2014

maws

ARM Instrument: Automatic Weather Station

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

The Model Assessment Wizard (MAW): A Visualization System for Ontology Constraint Violations

Validation and verification of engineering models is important to understand potential weaknesses and issues in the model. This is accomplished through the application of constraint logic to the model. These models and the constraints put upon them can be represented through a graph structure. Here we give a visualization system to aid users understanding, locating, and fixing constraint violations in their systems. We give users several ways to narrow down on the specific errors and parts of the graph they’re interested in. Users have the opportunity to choose the types of errors that will be shown in the graph. Clustering is applied to the graph to help users narrow down their searches. Several other graph interactions are given to support discovery of constraint violations.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2019

Lessons Learned from the Development of the DGR Konrad - 19619

The Federal Republic Germany builds the deep geological repository Konrad. The repository is suitable for low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste (LAW and MAW) and it is the first German repository site, which is not located in a salt geological formation. Konrad is a former iron ore mine in Salzgitter (in southeast Lower Saxony) with an active production time between 1961 and 1976. In 2007, the BGE started with the conversion of the mine infrastructure above and underground to build the repository while using the shafts and some roadways of the former mine. The experiences gained from ten years project progress with its complexities and difficulties can be used for similar repository projects in the future. The Konrad repository is designed for 303,000 m{sup 3} of LAW and MAW, which will be emplaced in chambers. The emplacement chambers are located outside of the existing mine, so an impairment by the old mine workings can be excluded. So far, the first area with emplacement chambers has been excavated. In order to be able to start repository operations in 2027, a wide range of work in building construction, civil engineering, shaft sinking and infrastructure development above and below ground has been necessary and will be completed in the next years. The main activities are focused on the Konrad 1 and 2 sites and the part of the infrastructure located in the future control area, which is used for repository operations. There are still many challenges to overcome in the Konrad repository project, although many processes have been put on the right track in recent years. Looking back on past activities and in the cautious preview, this paper gives some indications from which lessons can be drawn and should be applied to similar projects in the future. - Prefer small dimensions for the infrastructure, such as insets and roadway cross-section, and the appropriate machinery and handling equipment; - Detailed process planning for construction in existing infrastructure in the run-up to implementation; - Intensive communication with contracted partners on the preparation of planning documents for nuclear examination procedures and ensuring an excellent contract management; - Early start of the implementation planning for projects under nuclear law, taking into account the relevant boundary conditions; - Ensuring the support of the project by the local community and other stakeholders. Overall, the use of parts of the existing above and underground infrastructure for the construction of a new repository is more difficult than for a complete new construction. But using the shafts of an existing mine delivers the advantage of very good knowledge about the underground environment. In addition, the areas necessary for the construction and operation of the buildings and facilities are already available and secured and do not compete with other projects.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2015

Graphene oxide/carbon nanoparticle thin film based IR detector: Surface properties and device characterization

This work deals with the synthesis, characterization, and application of carbon nanoparticles (CNP) adorned graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite materials. Here we mainly focus on an emerging topic in modern research field presenting GO-CNP nanocomposite as a infrared (IR) radiation detector device. GO-CNP thin film devices were fabricated from liquid phase at ambient condition where no modifying treatments were necessary. It works with no cooling treatment and also for stationary objects. A sharp response of human body IR radiation was detected with time constants of 3 and 36 sec and radiation responsivity was 3 mAW{sup −1}. The current also rises for quite a long time before saturation. This work discusses state-of-the-art material developing technique based on near-infrared photon absorption and their use in field deployable instrument for real-world applications. GO-CNP-based thin solid composite films also offer its potentiality to be utilized as p-type absorber material in thin film solar cell, as well.

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2019

Developments in the Regulatory Framework of Nuclear Waste Management in Germany - Licensing Procedures for storage of SNF and Public Involvement - 19612

According to article 6 of the German Atomic Energy Act (AtG), storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel requires a license. The competent licensing authority in this field is the Federal Office for Safety of Nuclear Waste Management (BfE). According to the Act for selecting a repository site for heat-generating radioactive waste (HAW) (Site Selection Act - StandAG) dating from 2017, BfE has been assigned the task of developing, conducting, and evaluating public participation procedures in the process of site search and selection for a deep geological repository for radioactive waste and SNF. Article 6 AtG applies to interim storage of SNF. If the legally defined licensing conditions by article 6 (2) AtG are met, the storage license applied for has to be granted. For on-site facilities, interim storage has been limited to 40 years. The licensing procedures for interim storage of SNF are carried out in accordance with the general administrative procedural rules. In certain cases due to the Environmental Impact Assessment Act (EIA Act), an EIA has to be carried out. In these cases, a formalized licensing procedure including an involvement of the public is conducted. The Nuclear Licensing Procedure Ordinance (AtVfV) originating from 1977 and reformulated in 1995 defines formalized rules for the public participation procedure which have to be followed strictly. These include a public hearing. The risen objections are evaluated by the licensing authority and taken account of in the licensing decision. The process of repository site selection defined by the StandAG exceeds these formalized procedures significantly: The objective of this process is to achieve a broad social consensus about the site selection procedure and about a repository site that will offer the best possible safety for one million years. Therefore, the process has to be particularly transparent, and involvement of the public - including newly developed forms of public involvement - is an essential part of it. BfE as competent authority in both the fields of repository site search and selection and licensing of interim storage of SNF has recently developed new strategies of involving the public concerning interim storage of SNF. Supplementing the standard licensing procedures, BfE presently informs and involves the public about topical issues regarding the present state and recent developments in the field of interim storage of SNF. Current central topics are for example the return of HAW and MAW from reprocessing of SNF in France and UK as well as perspective longer interim storage periods on the interface with final disposal. Regarding longer interim storage, host communities of interim storage facilities are concerned that interim storage might be extended indefinitely. Additionally, there is a strong fear of transports of radioactive waste and SNF from one place to another. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2022

Dirac Nodal Line in Hourglass Semimetal Nb 3 SiTe 6

Glide-mirror symmetry in nonsymmorphic crystals can foster the emergence of novel hourglass nodal loop states. Here, we present spectroscopic signatures from angle-resolved photoemission of a predicted topological hourglass semimetal phase in Nb 3 SiTe 6 . Linear band crossings are observed at the zone boundary of Nb 3 SiTe 6 , which could be the origin of the nontrivial Berry phase and are consistent with a predicted glide quantum spin Hall effect; such linear band crossings connect to form a nodal loop. Furthermore, the saddle-like Fermi surface of Nb 3 SiTe 6 observed in our results helps unveil linear band crossings that could be missed. Additionally, in situ alkali-metal doping of Nb 3 SiTe 6 also facilitated the observation of other band crossings and parabolic bands at the zone center correlated with accidental nodal loop states. Overall, our results complete the system's band structure, help explain prior Hall measurements, and suggest the existence of a nodal loop at the zone center of Nb 3 SiTe 6 .

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Direct observation of kink evolution due to Hund’s coupling on approach to metal-insulator transition in NiS 2- x Se x

Understanding characteristic energy scales is a fundamentally important issue in the study of strongly correlated systems. In multiband systems, an energy scale is affected not only by the effective Coulomb interaction but also by the Hund’s coupling. Direct observation of such energy scale has been elusive so far in spite of extensive studies. Here, we report the observation of a kink structure in the low energy dispersion of NiS 2- x Se x and its characteristic evolution with x , by using angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Dynamical mean field theory calculation combined with density functional theory confirms that this kink originates from Hund’s coupling. We find that the abrupt deviation from the Fermi liquid behavior in the electron self-energy results in the kink feature at low energy scale and that the kink is directly related to the coherence-incoherence crossover temperature scale. Our results mark the direct observation of the evolution of the characteristic temperature scale via kink features in the spectral function, which is the hallmark of Hund’s physics in the multiorbital system.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

Kondo interaction in FeTe and its potential role in the magnetic order

Finding d-electron heavy fermion states has been an important topic as the diversity in d-electron materials can lead to many exotic Kondo effect-related phenomena or new states of matter such as correlation-driven topological Kondo insulator. Yet, obtaining direct spectroscopic evidence for a d-electron heavy fermion system has been elusive to date. Here, we report the observation of Kondo lattice behavior in an antiferromagnetic metal, FeTe, via angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, scanning tunneling spectroscopy and transport property measurements. The Kondo lattice behavior is represented by the emergence of a sharp quasiparticle and Fano-type tunneling spectra at low temperatures. The transport property measurements confirm the low-temperature Fermi liquid behavior and reveal successive coherent-incoherent crossover upon increasing temperature. We interpret the Kondo lattice behavior as a result of hybridization between localized Fe 3d xy and itinerant Te 5p z orbitals. Our observations strongly suggest unusual cooperation between Kondo lattice behavior and long-range magnetic order.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Enhancement of thermoelectric figure of merit in β-Zn{sub 4}Sb{sub 3} by indium doping control

We demonstrate the control of phase composition in Bridgman-grown β-Zn{sub 4}Sb{sub 3} crystals by indium doping, an effective way to overcome the difficulty of growing very pure β-Zn{sub 4}Sb{sub 3} thermoelectric material. The crystal structures are characterized by Rietveld refinement with synchrotron X-ray diffraction data. The results show an anisotropic lattice expansion in In-doped β-Zn{sub 4}Sb{sub 3} wherein the zinc atoms are partially substituted by indium ones at 36f site of R-3c symmetry. Through the elimination of ZnSb phase, all the three individual thermoelectric properties are simultaneously improved, i.e., increasing electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient while reducing thermal conductivity. Under an optimal In concentration (x = 0.05), pure phase β-Zn{sub 4}Sb{sub 3} crystal can be obtained, which possesses a high figure of merit (ZT) of 1.4 at 700 K.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2018

Controlling the surface photovoltage on WSe 2 by surface chemical modification

The surface photovoltage (SPV) effect is key to the development of opto-electronic devices such as solar-cells and photo-detectors. For the prototypical transition metal dichalcogenide WSe 2 , core level and valence band photoemission measurements show that the surface band bending of pristine cleaved surfaces can be readily modified by adsorption with K (an electron donor) or C 60 (an electron acceptor). Time-resolved pump-probe photoemission measurements reveal that the SPV for pristine cleaved surfaces is enhanced by K adsorption, but suppressed by C 60 adsorption, and yet the SPV relaxation time is substantially shortened in both cases. Evidently, adsorbate-induced electronic states act as electron-hole recombination centers that shorten the carrier lifetime.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗