Autonomous materials search using machine learning and ab initio calculations for L1 0 -FePt-based quaternary alloys
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Iwasaki, Yuma (ORCID:000000027117277X)↗
SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “materials search”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Search for magnetic monopoles in lunar material.
A search for magnetic monopoles in lunar material has been performed by the electromagnetic measurement of the magnetic charge of samples. All measurements were found consistent with zero charge for all samples and inconsistent with any other value allowed by the Dirac theory. Upper limits are determined for the monopole flux in cosmic radiation and for the pair-production cross section in proton-nucleon collisions.
Eberhard, P. H.↗
Search for exoelectrons in Apollo 12 materials.
The search for exoelectron emission from Apollo 12 materials usually produced negative results, suggesting that the concentration of naturally occurring traps is very low. Weak exoelectron activity was found scattered inhomogeneously within a pigeonite basalt rock and in a deep core tube sample. Its erratic appearance and intensity makes any interpretation of radiation history most difficult and is attributed to the activity being carried by only a few scattered crystals. The thermally stimulated emission of exoelectrons is judged an unsuitable technique for tracing the radiation histories of these samples.
Gammage, R. B.↗
Demandite, lunar materials and space industrialization
Terrestrial industry consumes a wide range of elements in producing the outputs which support and make industrial societies possible. 'Demandite' is a conceptual or synthetic molecule which is composed of the weight fractions of the major elements consumed by industry. Demandite needed for mature industrial activities in space will differ from the terrestrial composition because solar energy must replace hydrocarbon-energy, lunar and asteroidal bulk compositions are different from mineral deposits on the earth, and the major bulk processing in space will be the creation of radiation shielding for human habitats to provide real estate in space complete with water, atmosphere and life-stock elements. Demandite cost may be dominated by earth to deep space transport cost of minor elemental constituents depleted in the lunar soils unless careful attention is given to substitution of materials, searches of the moon (polar regions) and asteroids for the depleted elements, and continuing lowering of earth to deep space transport costs.
Criswell, D. R.↗
The use of Martian materials in the search for Martian life
Experiments for detection of life and chemical processing of Martian material
EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE↗
Search for organic material in lunar fines by mass spectrometry
Apollo 11 lunar fines organic compounds detection and identification by mass spectrometry
Biemann, K.↗
Development of improved pyroelectric detectors; Literature survey of pyroelectric materials and their characteristics
The object of this program is to improve the detectivity of the pyroelectric detector with the ultimate goal of operation at or near the temperature-noise limit. Two general areas of investigation are undertaken. The first is to improve responsivity through the use of new materials. The second is directed toward reduction of noise and will be effected with improved field effect transistor characteristics, and improved electroding of the pyroelectric material. The search for new materials has begun with a review of the literature on pyroelectric materials in several languages. The compiled data includes an extensive list of references. From this, several materials have already been selected for investigation. FETs are being obtained from various manufacturers, evaluated, and selected units will be tested with pyroelectric elements as complete detectors.
Weiner, S.↗
Ries impact crater, southern Germany - Search for meteoritic material
Twenty-three samples covering a wide range of shock metamorphism from the Ries impact crater in southern Germany were analyzed for siderophile and volatile elements in order to determine the chemical nature of the impacting meteorite. Slight enrichments in the siderophile elements Ir and Os above the indigenous level of 0.015 ppb were observed in only eight samples, including a shocked, metal-bearing amphibolite and two weakly shocked biotite gneisses, whereas those samples expected to contain meteoritic material (heavily shocked glasses) do not exhibit a perceptible siderophile enrichment. The Ir, Os and Ni enrichments of the metal bearing amphibolite are found to be compatible with chondritic ratios, while in the other enriched samples, Ir, Ni and Se relationships suggest an achondritic meteoritic origin. An aubritic projectile is concluded to be most compatible with the data.
Morgan, J. W.↗
Flexible materials technology
A survey of all presently defined or proposed large space systems indicated an ever increasing demand for flexible components and materials, primarily as a result of the widening disparity between the stowage space of launch vehicles and the size of advanced systems. Typical flexible components and material requirements were identified on the basis of recurrence and/or functional commonality. This was followed by the evaluation of candidate materials and the search for material capabilities which promise to satisfy the postulated requirements. Particular attention was placed on thin films, and on the requirements of deployable antennas. The assessment of the performance of specific materials was based primarily on the failure mode, derived from a detailed failure analysis. In view of extensive on going work on thermal and environmental degradation effects, prime emphasis was placed on the assessment of the performance loss by meteoroid damage. Quantitative data were generated for tension members and antenna reflector materials. A methodology was developed for the representation of the overall materials performance as related to systems service life. A number of promising new concepts for flexible materials were identified.
Steurer, W. H.↗
Search for magnetic monopoles in lunar material using an electromagnetic detector.
Our search for magnetic monopoles in lunar materials has been concluded with the exploration of an additional 11.5 kg of material returned by the Apollo 11, 12, and 14 missions, using a modified version of our electromagnetic detector. Again, no magnetic monopole was detected. Combining these results with the results of our previous experiment, we set an upper limit of .00017 monopoles/g for the density of isolated monopoles in the lunar surface and improve our upper limits set for the monopole flux in cosmic rays and for monopole pair-production cross section.
Ross, R. R.↗
Search for and analysis of radioactive halos in lunar material
The lunar halo search was conducted because halos in terrestrial minerals serve as pointers to localized radioactivity, and make possible analytical studies on the problems of isotopic dating and mode of crystallization of the host mineral. Ancillary studies were conducted on terrestrial halos and on certain samples of special origin such as tektites and meteorites.
Gentry, R. V.↗
Fundamental investigation of ultraviolet radiation effects in polymeric film-forming materials
A literature search from 1958 to present was conducted on the effect of ultraviolet radiation on polymeric materials, with particular emphasis on vacuum photolysis, mechanisms of degradation, and energy transfer phenomena. The literature from 1958 to 1968 was searched manually, while the literature from 1968 to present was searched by using a computerized keyword system. The primary objective was to provide the necessary background information for the design of new or modified materials with improved stability to the vacuum-radiation environment of space.
Giori, C.↗
Strategies to search for two-dimensional materials with long spin qubit coherence time
Two-dimensional (2D) materials that can host qubits with long spin coherence time (T 2 ) have the distinct advantage of integrating easily with existing microelectronic and photonic platforms, making them attractive for designing novel quantum devices with enhanced performance. However, the relative lack of 2D materials as spin qubit hosts, as well as appropriate substrates that can help maintain long T 2 , necessitates a strategy to search for candidates with robust spin coherence. Here, we develop a high-throughput computational workflow to predict the nuclear spin bath-driven qubit decoherence and T 2 in 2D materials and heterostructures. We initially screen 1172 2D materials and find 189 monolayers with T 2 > 1 ms, higher than that of naturally-abundant diamond. We then construct 1554 lattice-commensurate heterostructures between high-T 2 2D materials and select 3D substrates, and we find that T 2 is generally lower in a heterostructure than in the bare 2D host material; however, low-noise substrates (such as CeO 2 and CaO) can help maintain high T 2 . To further accelerate the material screening effort, we derive analytical models that enable rapid predictions of T 2 for 2D materials and heterostructures. The models offer a simple, yet quantitative, way to determine the relative contributions to decoherence from the nuclear spin baths of the 2D host and substrate in a heterostructural system. By developing a high-throughput workflow and analytical models, we expand the genome of 2D materials and their spin coherence times for the development of spin qubit platforms.
Toriyama, Michael Y. [Argonne National Laboratory ↗
Thermoplastic Matrix Composite Design for Cryotanks Using Multiscale Modeling and Bayesian Optimization
Designing lightweight, robust cryogenic storage tanks is critical for future launch vehicles, in-space propellant storage, and hydrogen powered aircraft. This work presents a multiscale modeling and Bayesian optimization framework for the design of thermoplastic matrix composite cryotanks. Molecular dynamics simulations are first used to determine temperature-dependent constituent properties for candidate thermoplastic matrices, which are homogenized to the lamina scale using NASA’s Multiscale Analysis Tool (NASMAT). These lamina properties, in combination with laminate family generation rules, are evaluated in HyperX structural optimization software to identify stacking sequences that meet all cryogenic load requirements. A Bayesian optimization framework is applied, with HyperX in the loop (via the HyperX API) to efficiently search across material and laminate design variables, yielding an optimized cryotank configuration with significant reductions in design cycle time compared to exhaustive search approaches.
thermoplastics↗
Theory of Novel Superconductors (Final Technical Report)
This Final Technical Report gives the results of a series of problems related to the origin of superconductivity, the quantum mechanical state of matter where electrical resistance vanishes, in several classes of new materials where the conventional mechanism that binds electrons into pairs based on the electron-phonon interaction apparently fails. In several families of quantum materials including cuprates, iron-based superconductors, and heavy fermion materials, it is believed that the repulsive Coulomb interaction between electrons can create effective attractive interactions, generally in higher pair momentum channels. These "unconventional" superconductors include materials with the highest critical temperatures at ambient pressure known, so it is imperative to understand how superconductivity arises to guide the search for materials that superconduct at or near room temperature, which would have enormous technological impact. A second objective has been to construct a theory that can quantitatively explain the properties of existing materials, based on information from first-principles electronic structure calculations.
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
Investigation of space radiation effects in polymeric film-forming materials
The literature search in the field of ultraviolet radiation effects that was conducted during the previous program, Contract No. NAS1-12549, has been expanded to include the effects of charged particle radiation and high energy electromagnetic radiation. The literature from 1958 to 1969 was searched manually, while the literature from 1969 to present was searched by using a computerized keyword system. The information generated from this search was utilized for the design of an experimental program aimed at the development of materials with improved resistance to the vacuum-radiation environment of space. Preliminary irradiation experiments were performed which indicate that the approaches and criteria employed are very promising and may provide a solution to the challenging problem of polymer stability to combined ultraviolet/high energy radiation.
Giori, C.↗
Space radiation resistant transparent polymeric materials
A literature search in the field of ultraviolet and charged particle irradiation of polymers was utilized in an experimental program aimed at the development of radiation stable materials for space applications. The rationale utilized for material selection and the synthesis, characterization and testing performed on several selected materials is described. Among the materials tested for ultraviolet stability in vacuum were: polyethyleneoxide, polyvinylnaphthalene, and the amino resin synthesized by the condensation of o-hydroxybenzoguanamine with formaldehyde. Particularly interesting was the radiation behavior of poly(ethyleneoxide), irradiation did not cause degradation of optical properties but rather an improvement in transparency as indicated by a decrease in solar absorptance with increasing exposure time.
Giori, C.↗
Multilayer Silicon Carbide Composite Material Technology for High-Temperature Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power Components
In 2012, the U.S Department of Energy defined aggressive targets to achieve lower component costs and higher system efficiencies for concentrated solar-thermal power (CSP), and this, in turn, has led to the exploration of technology options that can operate at higher temperatures [1]. These next-generation CSP options, referred to as Generation 3 (a.k.a. Gen3), are targeting temperatures at or above 700 °C for the energy being delivered to the power cycle, and the more challenging plant conditions have necessitated a review and selection of alternative receiver heat transfer fluids as well as a search for materials that can meet the associated high-temperature component requirements. Nickel-based alloys are currently being considered, but these generally experience a significant drop in strength at temperatures > 775 °C [2] and may not be able to achieve corrosion and other lifetime requirements. Furthermore, these alloys are expensive, frequently have cost and schedule volatility, and offer little potential for lower cost at high production volumes. As an alternative, Ceramic Tubular Products, LLC (CTP) has developed a multilayer silicon carbide composite that can complement or replace alloys currently being considered for these Gen3 CSP applications.
14 SOLAR ENERGY↗