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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2016

Teaching Outside the Classroom: Field Trips in Crystallography Education for Chemistry Students

Field trips are an underutilized opportunity to provide depth and richness in college-level chemistry courses. Here, the authors have found that a field trip, such as to the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Lab, greatly enhances the impact of a course in X-ray crystallography. Students who attend this field trip report that it is a highlight of the course and develop a lasting interest in the science of X-ray crystallography as a result. We report on our experience in planning these trips, advise on best practices, and demonstrate the positive impact of a field trip on student learning and engagement.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2014

Place Based STEM: Leveraging Local Resources to Engage K-12 Teachers in Teaching Integrated STEM and for Addressing the Local STEM Pipeline

Business, industry, parks, nature settings, government infrastructure, and people, can be invaluable resources for connecting STEM curriculum within context which results in conditions ideal for promoting purposeful learning of authentic STEM content. Thus, community-based STEM resources offer ideal context for teaching STEM content. A benefit of focusing teacher attention on these contextual, content aligned resources is that they are in every community; making place-based STEM education a possibility, regardless of the location of STEM teaching and learning. Further, associating STEM teaching and learning with local resources addresses workforce development and the STEM pipeline by exposing students to STEM careers and applications in their local communities. The desire to align STEM teaching and learning with local STEM related resources guided the design of our week-long integrated STEM K-12 teacher professional development (PD) program, i-STEM. We have completed four years of our i-STEM PD program and have made place-based STEM a major emphasis of our curriculum. This report focuses on the data collected in the fourth year of our program. Our week-long i-STEM PD served over 425 educators last summer (2013), providing them with in depth theme-based integrated STEM short courses which were limited to an average of 15 participants and whole group plenary sessions focused around placed based integrated STEM, inquiry, engineering design, standards and practices of Common Core and 21st Century skills. This state wide PD was distributed in five Idaho community colleges and took place over two weeks. The STEM short courses included topics on engineering for sustainability, using engineering to spark interest in STEM, municipal water systems, health, agriculture, food safety, mining, forestry, energy, and others. Integral to these short courses were field trips designed to connect the K-12 educators to the resources in their local communities that could be leveraged for teaching integrated STEM and provide a relevant context for teaching STEM content. Workplace presentations made by place-based STEM experts and provided teachers field trips to place-base STEM industries and business such as manufacturing plants, waste water treatment systems, mines, nature parks, food processing plants, research, hospitals, and laboratory facilities. We researched the 425 participants’ conceptions of place-based STEM prior to and after their taking part in the summer institutes, which included fieldtrips. Our findings revealed substantial increase in our participants’ knowledge, interest, and plans to use place-based resources for teaching integrated STEM. We detail the data analysis and provide a theoretical foundation and justification for the importance of place-based STEM to address the STEM pipeline for the future workforce.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2018

SECARB Images

Picture and video records of SECARB field trips, DAS site, DAS instrumentation, and casing installations.

carbon capture↗
DOE OSTI2014

Joint United States: European Union Theoretical and Practical Course on Molecular Approaches for in situ Biogradation

The Joint United States - European Union Theoretical and Practical Course on Molecular Approaches for in situ Biodegradation was held May 24 through June 7 at The University of Oklahoma. Twenty-four graduate and postgraduate students from both the United States and the European Union attended the course. Nine states and ten European countries were represented. Students were assigned living quarters and laboratory partners to maximize interactions between US and EU participants as well as to mix people with different technical backgrounds together. The students used the latest methods in molecular biology to characterize beneficial microorganisms and genes involved in the biodegradation of pollutants at a nearby landfill as well as an active hydrocarbon-producing site, part of which is undergoing bioremediation. Seminars by distinguished scientists were organized to expose the students to the breadth of the environmental field, including field assay and engineering applications, laboratory scale bioreactors, microbiology, genetics, regulation, pathway analysis, design of recombinant bacteria, and application of the associated techniques to the field. Lectures were given by various OU faculty on the principles behind the techniques to be used in the laboratory. These lectures included troubleshooting hints and encouraged questions and comments from the audience. The laboratory experiments covered chemical, microbiological, and molecular genetic analyses of soils; bioavailability of contaminants; enrichment cultures; gene probing; PCR amplification of known genes and gene families; identification of microbes based traditional and nontraditional approaches, nutritional capabilities, and 16S rRNA sequence; mRNA detection; and enzyme assays. Field trips were made to the USGS landfill field sampling site, and to the Tall Grass Prairie Preserve, a Nature Conservancy site which also featured long-term studies of bioremediation of crude oil and brine spills by one of the Principal Investigators in collaboration with University of Tulsa faculty. The students are expected to bring the methods that they learned back to their laboratories to enrich their own and their colleagues' ability to perform state of the art environmental biotechnology research.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

Periodic changes in effluent chemistry at cold-water geyser: Crystal geyser in Utah

Crystal geyser is a CO 2 -driven cold-water geyser which was originally drilled in the late 1930’s in Green River, Utah. By utilizing a suite of temporal groundwater sample datasets, in situ monitoring of temperature, pressure, pH and electrical conductivity from multiple field trips to Crystal geyser from 2007 to 2014, periodic trends in groundwater chemistry from the geyser effluent were identified. Based on chemical characteristics, the primary sourcing aquifers are characterized to be both the Entrada and Navajo Sandstones with a minor contribution from Paradox Formation brine. The single eruption cycle at Crystal geyser lasted over four days and was composed of four parts: Minor Eruption (mEP), Major Eruption (MEP), Aftershock Eruption (Ae) and Recharge (R). During the single eruption cycle, dissolved ionic species vary 0–44% even though the degree of changes for individual ions are different. Generally, Na + , K + , Cl - and SO 4 2- regularly decrease at the onset and throughout the MEP. These species then increase in concentration during the mEP. In contrast, Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ and Sr 2+ increase and decrease in concentration during the MEP and mEP, respectively. The geochemical inverse modeling with PHREEQC was conducted to characterize the contribution from three end-members (Entrada Sandstone, Navajo Sandstone and Paradox Formation brine) to the resulting Crystal geyser effluent. Results of the inverse modeling showed that, during the mEP, the Navajo, Entrada and brine supplied 62–65%, 36–33% and 1–2%, respectively. During the MEP, the contribution shifted to 53–56%, 45–42% and 1–2% for the Navajo, Entrada and Paradox Formation brine, respectively. Finally, these changes in effluent characteristics further support the hypothesis by Watson et al. (2014) that the mEP and MEP are driven by different sources and mechanisms.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

Triggering of the largest Deccan eruptions by the Chicxulub impact: Reply

We appreciate the comments by Dole et al. (2016), and we also appreciate their having shared these views with some of us (Richards, Renne, Sprain, and Vanderkluysen) on a joint field trip in January 2016. We agree with some of the issues raised in the comment, but these points do not undermine our basic conclusion that the stratigraphic transition from the Lonavala Subgroup to the Wai Subgroup within the Deccan Traps represents a fundamental change in the character of Deccan volcanism, and that this change was approximately coincident with the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. In fact, the geomorphic features in question are now understood to be a likely consequence of this fundamental change.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2015

The 2014 Sandia Nonlinear Mechanics and Dynamics Summer Research Institute

A collaborative research institute was organized and held at Sandia Albuquerque for a period of six weeks. This research institute brought together researchers from around the world to work collaboratively on a set of research projects. These research projects included: developing experimental guidelines for studying variability and repeatability of nonlinear structures; decoupling aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty in measurements to improve dynamic predictions; a numerical round robin to assess the performance of five different numerical codes for modeling systems with strong nonlinearities; and an assessment of experimentally derived and numerically derived reduced order models. In addition to the technical collaborations, the institute also included a series of seminars given by both Sandians and external experts, as well as a series of tours and field trips to local places of scientific and engineering importance. This report details both the technical research and the programmatic organization of the 2014 Sandia Nonlinear Mechanics and Dynamics Summer Research Institute.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

NNSA-IAEC Area: Workshop on Nuclear Waste Management and Subsurface Science (8-10 November 2022)

The 7 th workshop of the NNSA-IAEC collaboration was conducted on November 8-10 2022. The workshop was held at the geologic survey of Israel, Jerusalem. The IAEC hosted the workshop. The main topic of the workshop evolved around the results of the characterization borehole drilled in the Yamin plain during 2022 and associated experimental work and modeling results. The new data will be integrated for the applicability analysis of intermediate depth borehole (IDB) disposal for spent fuel in the Yamin plain. The first day of the workshop (November 8 th ) was dedicated to a geological field trip in the Judea desert depicting a similar cross section to that found in the Yamin plain. During the 9 th and 10 th of November the characterization BH results were presented, results of new work on the Miocene Hazeva fm. were presented, and this year’s outcome of the different collaboration groups were given.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2025

Using culture‐independent methods to link active compound‐specific carbon degradation to greenhouse gas production and recycling in natural populations of permafrost microbes

Under this project we conducted one scouting field trip (2019) and two fieldworks (2021, 2022) in Ny-Alesund, Svalbard. The project supported seven PhD students, six undergraduate research assistants, three Postdoctoral research associates and one Research Professor. The project supported travel and fieldwork for three international students. This project has produced 49 conference presentations/posters, 18 peer-reviewed journal articles published at time of preparation of this report, while 6 journal articles are still at different stages of review process, 1 outreach website and 2 YouTube videos. In addition, the PIs gave many seminars to other universities and research institutions.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2016

Oak Ridge Site Specific Advisory Board Adapts To Engage - 16459

Environmental Management (EM) Site Specific Advisory Boards (SSABs) are representative of their communities and exist for the purpose of advising DOE EM. As such they are the conduits between the public and the DOE EM. To remain relevant to the community they cannot exist in a vacuum and the public needs to be aware of the Boards' function, purpose, and progress and have opportunities for input. Since the SSABs generally deal with fairly complex issues related to environmental cleanup, and the members of the Boards represent a diversity of background, there are many challenges associated with informing and eliciting input from Board members as well as informing and engaging the public. To that end, Oak Ridge SSAB (ORSSAB) has instituted changes to facilitate Board and public engagement. As the ORSSAB has matured and the work has become routine, it has become a challenge to keep members interested and invested. So the Board asks its members to provide input on how to make the process better. Through our annual member surveys and facilitated meetings, we query the board for ideas, and the results of these surveys and meetings are discussed at the annual planning meetings. Agreed changes are instituted in the following year. Recently the ORSSAB has instituted positive changes in the meeting structure, locations, and content. There are fewer formal meetings and these meetings are shorter. The board has also incorporated field trips to specific sites prior to presentations on those areas to further enhance membership understanding of the problems at hand, site conditions, and enormity and scope of the work to be undertaken. Changes of meeting location have occurred. Instead of the standard meeting room, the ORSSAB has met at local restaurants (in private rooms) where food service is available, and the atmosphere is more relaxed and informal. This gives members an opportunity to interact with each other rather than sitting in designated places at a formal meeting with video cameras rolling. Not only are the members more at ease, the presenters are more relaxed in their response to questions. Open discussion sessions have also been added to the meeting agendas. The ORSSAB participates in both public outreach and public engagement. Public outreach activities have included: presentations to local citizens groups; televising meetings on public access cable channels in three local communities; publishing The Advocate, a quarterly newsletter; and recently setting up and maintaining a Facebook page. Activities related to public engagement included the Board's participation at a DOE-sponsored community budget workshop. The ORSSAB strives for value and relevancy, attempting to convey a clear message to the community and to DOE. It also strives to inform its membership in a way that allows for clarity of understanding, and above all it tries to be enjoyable to its membership. The ORSSAB listens to its membership and has evolved its process to allow for effective advocacy. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2018

Overview of IAEA MODARIA II Program Working Group 1 on Assessment and Decision Making of Existing Exposure Situations for NORM and Nuclear Legacy Sites - 18308

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) launched the Modelling and Data for Radiological Impact Assessments (MODARIA) II Programme in October. As part of the IAEA effort to enhance the capabilities of its Member States in assessing radiological impacts of radionuclides released to the environment from sites that were not operated in accordance with current standards, and to ensure protection of the public and the environment, the MODARIA II Programme aims to: (1) test the performance of models developed for predicting the transfer of radionuclides in the environment and assessing radiological impacts to the public and the environment; (2) develop and improve models for particular environments and, where appropriate, to agree on data sets that are generally applicable for use in testing environmental transfer models; and (3) provide an international forum for the exchange of experiences, ideas and research information. The Programme will run for 3 years from 2016 to 2019. The Programme comprises seven working groups covering a wide range of topics (https://wwwns.iaea.org/projects/modaria/modaria2.asp?s=8 and l=129). MODARIA II Working Group 1 (WG1) is focused on dose assessment and decision making regarding existing exposure situations due to naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) and nuclear legacy sites. WG1 was formed as a combination of two MODARIA I WGs: WG1 focused on application of decision-aiding tools in remediation; and WG3 focused on risk assessment for NORM and radioactively contaminated legacy sites (https://wwwns.iaea.org/projects/modaria/default.asp?s=8 and l=129). It was recognized that the decision-making needs will inform the scope of risk assessments, and the risk insights and structured decision analyses will aid in informed decision-making. Therefore, MODARIA II WG1 is focused on developing methods and toolsets for risk-informed decision-making for NORM and nuclear legacy sites, including demonstration of decision-making processes and tools through case studies. MODARIA II WG1 has 91 registered participants from 33 Member States and IAEA (as of November 2017), some 30 of whom are actively engaged in various collaborative research and development activities within WG1. Members of WG1 participated in the First Technical Meeting of MODARIA II, which was held in Vienna, Austria from 31 October to 4 November 2016. The group then held its First Interim Meeting in Brussels, Belgium from 26 to 30 June 2017, which included a field trip to the legacy Tessenderlo Chemie (TCH) Phosphate Processing Site. At this meeting, the TCH Site and the Pridneprovsky Chemical Plant (PChP) in Ukraine were selected for case studies. The Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Material Disposal Area B in the USA and the Beaverlodge Uranium Mill and Mill Site in northern Canada were selected as examples for sharing of good practices and lessons learned in risk-informed decision-making for environmental remediation and land conveyance. At the Second Technical Meeting held in Vienna on 30 October to 3 November 2017, an additional NORM site for tin processing in Brazil was added to the case studies, with another NORM site in Yunnan, China included for consideration at the Second Interim Meeting of WG1. The Second Interim Meeting will be held in in early to mid-May, 2018. The group has also decided to prepare an Interim Report by October 2018 to document the WG1 discussions and analyses for the period of 2016-2018, which will be finalized at the conclusion of MODARIA II in October 2019. Initial assignments have been discussed for IM1 participants to collect data, conduct modelling and analyses, and prepare draft sections for the Interim Report. This paper will provide an overview of the work plans for WG1. It will also highlight some near-term activities that the group is currently working on. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2018

The Oak Ridge Site Specific Advisory Board - How a Recommendation Comes to Life - 18523

The Oak Ridge Site Specific Advisory Board (ORSSAB) is a federally appointed citizens' panel that provides independent advice and recommendations to the DOE's Oak Ridge Office of Environmental Management (OREM). To provide unbiased evaluation and recommendations on DOE's cleanup efforts related to the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR), the board seeks opportunities for input through collaborative dialogue with the communities surrounding the Oak Ridge Reservation, Governmental regulators, and other stakeholders. This paper describes how a recommendation from the ORSSAB comes to life. There are two stages to the board's process, the planning stage and the execution stage. The planning stage begins several months prior to the start of the fiscal year (FY). During this planning stage OREM develops a list of issues that it would like input from the community on. The EPA and Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC) act as consulting parties and provide their input in the form of letters to the board. ORSSAB holds a planning meeting in August, where DOE EM, EPA and TDEC present their suggestions to the board. The board members have opportunity to ask questions and hold discussions on the issues presented but can also present issues of their own. DOE then takes the input from the meeting and develops the ORSSAB Work Plan for the next FY. The execution stage begins with the ORSSAB Work Plan which sets the issues for each month and the specific dates of the activities associated with each issue. The remaining elements of the execution stage include: presentations by DOE OREM at the monthly ORSSAB Meetings, field trips (as appropriate), and additional discussion at the monthly subcommittee meeting of the EM/Stewardship Committee. Early in the FY, members of the ORSSAB are given the opportunity to sign up to be involved with the potential development of a recommendation for the various issues on the Work Plan that interest them and to provide support as an issue manager. Then at the EM/Stewardship Committee Meeting the issue manager is assigned to lead the issue group and a decision is made as to whether to make a recommendation on the specific issue. The issue group prepares the recommendation for discussion and approval by the EM/Stewardship Committee. Once the EM/Stewardship Committee has reached consensus on the wording for the recommendation, the EM/Stewardship Committee Chair presents the recommendation to the ORSSAB Executive Committee for discussion and approval. The Executive Committee then approves the recommendation for presentation and discussion at the next month's ORSSAB General Meeting, providing opportunity for discussion by the full board. The ORSSAB may approve the recommendation as is, approve it with changes, or it may send the recommendation back to the EM/Stewardship Committee for further consideration. Once approved by the full ORSSAB, the recommendation is sent to DOE OREM for consideration. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2019

The Site-Specific Advisory Board Experience - A Members Perspective - 19069

The input of stakeholders and in particular the local community, in decisions related to environmental cleanup is critical to the success of the Department of Energy (DOE) Environmental Management (EM) mission. DOE EM engages stakeholders in a variety of ways and the Site-Specific Advisory Boards (SSABs) represent one avenue. SSABs are federally appointed citizens' panels that provide independent and unbiased advice and recommendations to the DOE EM. The Oak Ridge Site Specific Advisory Board (ORSSAB) is the citizens' panel that provides advice and recommendations to the DOE Oak Ridge Office of EM (OREM). The Board considers specific issues on a Work Plan that is developed each fiscal year through a collaborative effort. Issues are introduced through presentations by DOE OREM personnel at monthly Board meetings and further explored through field trips to specific sites (if appropriate) and subcommittee meetings. Issue groups comprised of ORSSAB members are formed and these personnel take on the task of developing a recommendation (if warranted) on the issue. The recommendation follows an approval process and when (if) approved by the Board is submitted to DOE OREM. Although the development of recommendations is the primary mission of the ORSSAB, the Chair and Vice Chair also participate in Chairs Meetings, held twice a year and comprised of the Chair and Vice Chair of each of the eight DOE EM SSAB's across the country. Additional recommendations pertinent to all the sites are developed through these collaborations. Once endorsed by the member Boards, these recommendations are submitted to DOE EM headquarters. Participation in the Chair's meetings and other engagement opportunities allow Board members to become well educated in DOE EMs mission so that recommendations can be as relevant, meaningful and specific as possible. (author)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2021

Idaho Falls Power Black Start Field Demonstration (Preliminary Outcomes Paper)

This April 2021 field demonstration builds upon a 2017 field demonstration in which it was determined IFP’s HPPs, on their own, can support islanded black start and operation up to 2.5 MW loading. Modeling and hardware-in-the-loop testing was used in the intervening period to design an energy storage solution, specifically using ultracapacitors, to reduce likelihood of generators tripping during the field demonstration. Overall, the 2021 field demonstration tested three different options for meeting IFP’s requirements: innovating the hydropower controls, synchronizing multiple HPPs on the system, and integrating an ultracapacitor energy storage system. This report documents the testing performed. Follow-on analysis will provide additional insights, for example, including a complete table of comparative results between the tests and scenarios. The analysis will also propose a refined design for an energy storage system to meet IFP’s grid islanded needs.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Ice Cryo-Encapsulation Balloon (Project ICEBall) Field Campaign Report

The Ice Cryo-Encapsulation Balloon (ICEBall) field campaign was designed to sample the ice crystals that compose high-altitude cirrus with a passive device. The campaign made use of a new instrument, ICEBall, which is a balloon-borne ice crystal sampling system. The ice crystal sounding system is capable of measuring ice crystal concentration, temperature, atmospheric pressure, ice crystal habit, aerosol particle morphology, and residual composition. The 3-kg instrument is carried upwards at 5 m s-1 by a high-altitude balloon. The instrument can be cut down from the balloon at any altitude up to 20 km, and the apparatus returns to the surface by parachute. Basic measurements such as temperature and pressure are recorded onboard, and high-frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) records altitude and latitude/longitude. Ice crystal concentrations are measured through the use of a high-resolution video camera mounted on the device. Ice crystals are collected through an open aperture leading to insulated collection chambers cooled with dry ice. Upon exiting the top of the cloud system, the chamber aperture is closed, and the ~1 mm3 sample cell is magnetically sealed and isolated at -78 °C, ensuring that ice particles do not sublimate or grow after collection. Once the crystals are returned to the surface, they are double-sealed and immersed at liquid nitrogen temperature in “dry-cryo shippers” before being transported back to the laboratory. Dr. Magee’s laboratory at The College of New Jersey contains a cryo-stage scanning electron microscope (SEM), which was used to interrogate the crystals and aerosol particles. The main purpose of this pilot field campaign was to provide an unprecedented level of detail on the crystal habits and ice surface complexity in mid-latitude cirrus, which may help resolve issues associated with habit identification and classification in cirrus. The ICEBall campaign was originally scheduled to run from March 28 to April 18 of 2021 at the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains observatory. The COVID-19 pandemic intervened and caused us to shift the dates of the experiment to October 16-November 6 of 2021. This period is also climatologically favorable for cirrus. The approximately six-month gap between our original field campaign dates and the actual dates afforded us the opportunity to build two new ICEBall payload instruments. These instruments were tested during an August 2021 trip to The College of New Jersey. During this field testing phase, we decided to launch the ICEBall payload upstream from the ARM SGP site with the goal of landing in the vicinity of the site. Our goal was to sample the ice crystals before the cirrus were advected over the remote-sensing instruments at the SGP site. The team assembled for the field campaign consisted of the Principle Investigator (PI) and Co-Principle Investigator (Co-PI) (Drs. Harrington and Magee), The Pennsylvania State University research scientist Dr. Alfred Moyle, and two graduate students (Ms. Marley Majetic and Gwenore Pokrifka). The team operated out of a house rented in Enid, Oklahoma. We successfully sampled seven cirrus cloud systems during the three-week field campaign (October 21, 23-26, 31, and November 1). This was a much higher success rate than either of the PIs anticipated (our goal was closer to sampling three or four cases). The balloon was typically launched from oil pads or farm fields northwest of Enid and the payload was typically retrieved somewhat north of the SGP site. We never landed directly at the SGP site, and so did not need regular access to the SGP facilities. Our greatest concern going into the field campaign was the longer-term storage of crystals in the -196°C cryo dry-shipper dewars and the subsequent transport across the country. We had tested storage and transport prior to the field campaign, but we had never stored crystals for a few weeks nor had we transported the dewars over long distances. To our great relief, the storage and transport worked flawlessly and we were able to image a large number of crystals from six of the seven cases. Working with the staff at the ARM SGP office was excellent. They not only helped us find the sources we needed for helium, liquid nitrogen, and other materials, but also helped with contacts within the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and Vance Air Force Base. One goal of our field project was to tie the in situ measurements of ice crystal habits to the radar signatures derived from the Ka-band ARM Zenith-pointing Radar (KAZR). Unfortunately KAZR was down for the duration of our experiment. However, the Ka-band Scanning ARM Cloud Radar (KASACR) was put into vertically pointing mode during the ICEBall campaign and those data, along with Doppler lidar measurements, have proved very useful.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2019

Puget Sound Energy Glacier Energy Storage System: An Assessment of Battery Technical Performance

This report investigates the technical performance of the Glacier BESS facility, consisting of one 2 MW, 4 MWh BESS, based on a number of baseline and use case tests. Baseline tests were intended to assess the general technical capability of the BESS (e.g., stored energy capacity, ramp rate performance, ability to track varying charge/discharge commands, direct current (DC) battery internal resistance). Use case tests were used to examine the performance of the BESS while engaged in specific economic services (e.g., arbitrage, power factor correction). The project measured and/or calculated parameters that are important for understanding BESS performance when subjected to actual field operation for achieving economic benefits, e.g., round trip efficiency (RTE) with and without rest, with and without auxiliary loads, auxiliary power consumption, signal command tracking performance, temperature variations, parasitic power loss during power electronics switching during rest, and state of charge (SOC) excursions. These baseline and use case parameters were analyzed using recorded test results. In addition, the results and lessons presented herein are also beneficial for any task or effort that needs technical assessment on similar and different types of BESS based on field deployment results, since the assessment methodology remains the same.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2019

Snohomish Public Utility District MESA 2: An Assessment of Flow Battery Energy Storage System Technical Performance

This report investigates the technical performance of the 2.2 MW, 8 MWh MESA 2 advanced vanadium flow battery energy storage system (FBESS), consisting of four 0.55 MW, 2 MWh strings, based on a number of baseline and use case tests. The FBESS is located at the Everett, Washington substation and owned by SnoPUD. The FBESS was procured by SnoPUD with matching funds by the Washington Clean Energy. Baseline tests were intended to assess the general technical capability of the FBESS (e.g., stored energy capacity, ramp rate performance, ability to track varying charge/discharge commands, direct current (DC) battery internal resistance). Use case tests were used to examine the performance of the FBESS while engaged in specific grid services (e.g., arbitrage, power factor correction). The project measured and/or calculated parameters that are important for understanding FBESS performance when subjected to actual field operation for achieving economic benefits, e.g., round trip efficiency (RTE) with and without rest, with and without auxiliary loads, auxiliary power consumption, signal command tracking, temperature trends during operation, parasitic power loss unaccounted by auxiliary load during rest, and state of charge (SOC) excursions. These baseline and use case parameters were analyzed using recorded test results. In addition, the results and lessons presented herein are also beneficial for any task or effort that needs technical assessment on similar and different types of FBESS based on technical specifications and/or field deployment results, since the assessment methodology remains the same.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗