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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Dynamic in-context learning with conversational models for data extraction and materials property prediction

The advent of natural language processing and large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized the extraction of data from unstructured scholarly papers. However, ensuring data trustworthiness remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we introduce PropertyExtractor, an open-source tool that leverages advanced conversational LLMs such as Google gemini-pro and OpenAI gpt-4, blends zero-shot with few-shot in-context learning, and employs engineered prompts for the dynamic refinement of structured information hierarchies—enabling autonomous, efficient, scalable, and accurate identification, extraction, and verification of material property data. Our tests on material data demonstrate precision and recall that exceed 95% with an error rate of ∼9%, highlighting the effectiveness and versatility of the toolkit. Finally, databases for 2D material thicknesses, a critical parameter for device integration, and energy bandgap values are developed using PropertyExtractor. In particular, for the thickness database, the rapid evolution of the field has outpaced both experimental measurements and computational methods, creating a significant data gap. Our work addresses this gap and showcases the potential of PropertyExtractor as a reliable and efficient tool for the autonomous generation of various material property databases, advancing the field.

Ekuma, Chinedu E. (ORCID:0000000258527556)↗
NASA NTRS1983

Digital enhancement of SAR imagery as an aid in geologic data extraction

The geological data content of Seasat A SAR imagery was assessed by correlating images of the Southern Appalachians with optical and digital techniques using a digital enhancement algorithm. The evaluation was performed in terms of lithology, lineaments, and geological structure. Digital correlation of the images was found to be more effective than optical correlation as a geological mapping instrument when considered in the light of ground truth data. The digital enhancement algorithm consists of a mean square error analysis which preserves the edge structure in the SAR imagery and decreases the noise content. Additionally, digital correlations allowed for faster computer processing of the imagery.

Frost, V. S.↗
NASA NTRS1975

A statistical analysis of data extraction for land cover information from high-altitude and satellite images

Land cover information from a 10 by 30 km test site in eastern Wisconsin extracted using 70 mm positive LANDSAT transparencies in an additive color viewer at a scale of 1:500,000 was compared with land cover information extracted using LANDSAT 9 x 9 inch positive transparencies at a scale of 1:1,000,000. Color infrared photography (NASA RB-57) at a scale of 1:60,000 provided ground truth for each land cover type. Interpretations were made for four land cover classes: 1) forest-brushland; (2) structures-barren land; (3) surface water; and (4) agricultural-open land. Statistical comparisons showed that neither method for the extraction of this data was clearly superior.

Kiefer, R. W.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Description of a Computer Program Written for Approach and Landing Test Post Flight Data Extraction of Proximity Separation Aerodynamic Coefficients and Aerodynamic Data Base Verification

A computer program written to calculate the proximity aerodynamic force and moment coefficients of the Orbiter/Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA) vehicles based on flight instrumentation is described. The ground reduced aerodynamic coefficients and instrumentation errors (GRACIE) program was developed as a tool to aid in flight test verification of the Orbiter/SCA separation aerodynamic data base. The program calculates the force and moment coefficients of each vehicle in proximity to the other, using the load measurement system data, flight instrumentation data and the vehicle mass properties. The uncertainty in each coefficient is determined, based on the quoted instrumentation accuracies. A subroutine manipulates the Orbiter/747 Carrier Separation Aerodynamic Data Book to calculate a comparable set of predicted coefficients for comparison to the calculated flight test data.

Homan, D. J.↗
NASA NTRS2019

Space Communications and Navigation Validation: Extracting Data for the Strategic Center for Networking, Integration, and Communications Scheduling Algorithms

Efficiency in communication system architecture performance between Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) assets and missions is crucial, as space communication is varied, complex, and often not utilized to its full potential. The SCaN Strategic Center for Networking, Integration, and Communications (SCENIC) new scheduling algorithms, which are designed to simulate the allocation of resources between SCaN assets and missions, have the potential to simulate an increase of this efficiency; however, they require real-world data to be validated against. The purpose of this project was to extract said validation data, which details the frequency and duration of utilized contact windows between missions and assets in the Near Earth Network (NEN), Space Network (SN), and Deep Space Network (DSN). Stored as images in daily operations summaries (DOSs), the tabular data existed in a variety of file formats such as.pdf, .docx, and .doc. Since the tables were stored as images, ABBYY® FineReader® (ABBYY Software Ltd.) optical character recognition (OCR) was implemented, which is a proprietary software that reads images from text. The comma separated value (CSV) output was utilized as input to a series of MATLAB® (The MathWorks, Inc.) methods for reformatting, at which point it was ready to be machine-read. Finally, the results were converted to a Microsoft Excel format for human readability. Along with being used for validation purposes, the data will also be used to map equipment degradation as a function of time to analyze the reliability of network assets.

Kontur, Noah P.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Some flight data extraction techniques used on a general aviation spin research aircraft

Some methods for obtaining flight data from a highly instrumented general aviation spin research aircraft are developed and illustrated. The required correction terms for the measurement of body accelerations, body velocities, and aircraft orientation are presented. In addition, the equations of motion are utilized to derive total aerodynamic coefficients for comparison with model tests and for analysis. Flight test experience is used to evaluate the utility of various instruments and calculation techniques for spin research.

Sliwa, S. M.↗
NASA NTRS2004

Decades of Data: Extracting Trends from Microgravity Crystallization History

The reduced acceleration environment of an orbiting spacecraft has been proposed as an ideal environment for biological crystal growth as the first sounding rocket flight in 1981 many crystallization experiments have flown with some showing improvement and others not. To further explore macromolecule crystal improvement in microgravity we have accumulated data from published reports and reports submitted by 63 missions including the Space Shuttle program, unmanned satellites, the Russian Space Station MIR and sounding rocket experiments. While it is not at this point in time a comprehensive record of all flight crystallization experimental results, there is however sufficient information for emerging trends to be identified. In this study the effects of the acceleration environment, the techniques of crystallization, sample molecular weight and the response of individual macromolecules to microgravity crystallization will be investigated.

Judge, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS2002

Decades of Data: Extracting Trends from Microgravity Crystallization History

The reduced acceleration environment of an orbiting spacecraft has been posited as an ideal environment for biological crystal growth since buoyancy driven convection and sedimentation are greatly reduced. Since the first sounding rocket flight in 1981 many crystallization experiments have flown with some showing improvement and others not. To further explore macromolecule crystal improvement in microgravity we have accumulated data from published reports and reports submitted by individual investigators to NASA, forming a database called BIOSEArCH (Biological Space Experiment Archive of Crystallization History). To date it contains information from 63 missions including, the Space Shuttle program, unmanned satellites, the Russian Space Station MIR and sounding rocket experiments, containing reports for more than 736 macromolecule experiments. While it is not at this point in time a comprehensive record of all flight crystallization experimental results, there is however sufficient information for emerging trends to be identified. These trends will be highlighted.

Judge, Russell A.↗
NASA NTRS2001

ISS-Crystal Growth of Photorefractive Materials (BSO): Critical Design Issues for Optimized Data Extraction from Space Experiments

Realization of the full potential of photorefractive materials in device technology is seriously impeded by our inability to achieve controlled formation of critical defects during single crystal growth and by difficulties in meeting the required degree of compositional uniformity on a micro-scale over macroscopic dimensions. The exact nature and origin of the critical defects which control photorefractivity could not as yet be identified because of gravitational interference. There exists, however, strong evidence that the density of defect formation and their spatial distribution are adversely affected by gravitational interference which precludes the establishment of quantifiable and controllable heat and mass transfer conditions during crystal growth. The current, NASA sponsored research at MIT is directed at establishing a basis for the development of a comprehensive approach to the optimization of property control during melt growth of photorefractive materials, making use of the m-g environment, provided in the International Space Station. The objectives to be pursued in m-g research on photorefractive BSO (Bi12SiO20) are: (a) identification of the x-level(s) responsible for photorefractivity in undoped BSO; (b) development of approaches leading to the control of x-level formation at uniform spatial distribution; (c) development of doping and processing procedures for optimization of the critical, application specific parameters, spectral response, sensitivity, response time and matrix stability. The presentation will focus on: the rationale for the justification of the space experiment, ground-based development efforts, design considerations for the space experiments, strategic plan of the space experiments, and approaches to the quantitative analysis of the space experiments.

Hyers, Robert W.↗
NASA NTRS2008

Visual Data Analysis for Satellites

The Visual Data Analysis Package is a collection of programs and scripts that facilitate visual analysis of data available from NASA and NOAA satellites, as well as dropsonde, buoy, and conventional in-situ observations. The package features utilities for data extraction, data quality control, statistical analysis, and data visualization. The Hierarchical Data Format (HDF) satellite data extraction routines from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory were customized for specific spatial coverage and file input/output. Statistical analysis includes the calculation of the relative error, the absolute error, and the root mean square error. Other capabilities include curve fitting through the data points to fill in missing data points between satellite passes or where clouds obscure satellite data. For data visualization, the software provides customizable Generic Mapping Tool (GMT) scripts to generate difference maps, scatter plots, line plots, vector plots, histograms, timeseries, and color fill images.

Lau, Yee↗