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Quasioptical circuits relating to frequency multipliers.

Description of the various major components useful in a 30- to 60-GHz varactor doubler circuit employing quasi-optical techniques. A description is given of the required directional filters, waveguide tuners, and varactor mounts. An attempt is made to determine the potential efficiency of various quasi-optical multiplier mounts and also to compare the efficiency obtainable by quasi-optical techniques with that achievable in standard-waveguide multiplier mounts.

Kraemer, E.

A Superconducting Hot Electron Bolometer Mixer for 530 GHz

This paper describes a superconducting hot electron bolometer mixer that uses diffusion rather than interactions with phonons as a cooling mechanism for the hot electrons. The bolometer is a 0.14 µm; wide niobium microbridge with a length less than 0.5 µm;. The submicron length ensures rapid diffusion of the hot electrons into contacting gold films. This mechanism is believed to be fast enough to allow mixer operation with intermediate frequencies of several GHz. An electron cooling time of 55 ps is inferred from DC resistance versus temperature measurements, indicating a roll-off frequency close to 3 GHz. Initial receiver measurements using a two-tuner waveguide mixer confirm heterodyne mixing at 532 GHz with an intermediate frequency of 1.4 GHz.

bolometer

Quasi-optical equivalent of waveguide slide screw tuner

Tuner utilizes a metal plated dielectric grid inserted into the cross sectional plane of an oversized waveguide. It provides both variable susceptance and variable longitudinal position along the waveguide to provide a wide matching range.

Kurpis, G. P.

Telstar I, volume 4

Volume IV of NASA Special Publication SP-32 was originally intended to contain only those papers published outside of the Bell System Technical Journal that were pertinent to the Telstar I project. However, since that time, the results of Telstar II have been reported to NASA by the Bell Telephone Laboratories. It was then decided that this report should also be included.

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

(abstract) Vibration Method for Tracking the Resonant Mode and Impedance of a Microwave Cavity

We have developed a vibration technique to continuously maintain mode resonance and impedance match between a constant frequency magnetron source and resonant cavity. This method uses a vibrating metal rod to modulate the volume of the cavity that is equivalent to modulating an adjustable plunger. A similar vibrating metal rod attached to a stub tuner modulates the waveguide volume between the source and cavity. A phase sensitive detection scheme determines the optimum position of the adjustable plunger and stub tuner. The improved power transfer during the heating of a 99.8% pure alumina rod was demonstrated using this new technique. Temperature-time and reflected power-time plotswill be presented for the cases of no tracking, impedance tracker only, mode tracker only, and simultaneous impedance and mode tracking. Internal melting of the alumina rod near 2000°C with both trackers on will also be discussed.

microwave

Vibration Method for Tracking the Resonant Mode and Impedance of a Microwave Cavity

A vibration technique his been developed to continuously maintain mode resonance and impedance much between a constant frequency magnetron source and resonant cavity. This method uses a vibrating metal rod to modulate the volume of the cavity in a manner equivalent to modulating an adjustable plunger. A similar vibrating metal rod attached to a stub tuner modulates the waveguide volume between the source and cavity. A phase sensitive detection scheme determines the optimum position of the adjustable plunger and stub turner during processing. The improved power transfer during the heating of a 99.8% pure alumina rod was demonstrated using this new technique. Temperature-time and reflected power-time heating curves are presented for the cases of no tracking, impedance tracker only, mode tracker only and simultaneous impedance and mode tracking. Controlled internal melting of an alumina rod near 2000 C using both tracking units was also demonstrated.

Barmatz, M.

Mock-Up Waveguide Loop Development toward a Half-Meter Scale Traveling-Wave SRF Cavity

Mock-up waveguide loop development toward a half-meter scale traveling-wave SRF cavity ABSTRACT = Traveling-Wave (TW) technology can push the accelerator field gradient of niobium SRF cavity to 70MV/m or higher beyond the fundamental limit of 50~60MV/m in Standing-Wave regime. The success of TW resonance excitation in a proof-of-principle 3-cell SRF cavity in 2K liquid helium encouraged to advance TW technologies necessary more for future accelerator-scale one. Fermilab has proposed a preliminary RF design of a half-meter scale TW cavity by considering the physical dimensions of existing SRF facilities and the lessons learned from the 3-cell. It consists of a 7-cell structure and a power feedback waveguide (WG) loop with new TW excitation and control schemes such as, double directional coupler and two WG tuners. Mock-up waveguide loop development was launched under Fermilab LDRD program to demonstrate those new RF schemes at a room temperature. Fabrication drawings of a mock-up loop were completed. More details and plans of the development will be presented.

Furuta, Fumio [Fermilab]

Mock-up Waveguide Loop Development toward a half-meter scale Traveling-Wave (TW) SRF cavity

Traveling-Wave (TW) technology can push the accelera-tor field gradient of niobium SRF cavity to 70MV/m or higher beyond the fundamental limit of 50~60MV/m in Standing-Wave regime. The success of TW resonance excitation in a proof-of-principle 3-cell SRF cavity in 2K liquid helium encouraged to advance TW technologies necessary more for future accelerator-scale one. Fermilab has proposed a preliminary RF design of a half-meter scale TW cavity by considering the physical dimensions of existing SRF facilities and the lessons learned from the 3-cell. It consists of a 7-cell structure and a power feed-back waveguide (WG) loop with new TW excitation and control schemes such as, double directional coupler and two WG tuners. Mock-up waveguide loop development was launched under Fermilab LDRD program to demon-strate those new RF schemes at a room temperature. Fab-rication drawings of a mock-up loop were completed. Here details and plans of the development are reported.

Furuta, F. [Fermilab] (ORCID:0009000072218576)

Submillimeter-Wave Receiver Containing An SIS Mixer

Submillimeter-wave heterodyne receiver designed to operate at input frequencies in range of 480 to 650 GHz. Intended for use in radio astronomy at frequency of 547 or 626 GHz. Heart of receiver is waveguide mixer that includes adjustable backshort and electric-field-plane tuner. Mixing element high-current-density superconductor/insulator/superconductor (SIS) tunnel junction integrated with superconductive microstrip radio-frequency circuit that tunes out capacitance of junction; matching complex impedance of junction to available tuning range of waveguide mount.

Febvre, Pascal

A low noise 665 GHz SIS quasi-particle waveguide receiver

Recent results on a 565-690 GHz SIS heterodyne receiver employing a 0.36 micron(sup 2) Nb/AlOx/Nb SIS tunnel junction with high quality circular non-contacting back short and E-plane tuners in a full height wave guide mount are reported. No resonant tuning structures were incorporated in the junction design at this time, even though such structures are expected to help the performance of the receiver. The receiver operates to at least the gap frequency of Niobium, approximately 680 GHz. Typical receiver noise temperatures from 565-690 GHz range from 160K to 230K with a best value of 185K DSB at 648 GHz. With the mixer cooled from 4.3K to 2K the measured receiver noise temperatures decreased by approximately 15 percent, giving roughly 180K DSB from 660 to 680 GHz. The receiver has a full 1 GHz IF pass band and was successfully installed at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory in Hawaii.

Kooi, J. W.

Design of low loss helix circuits for interference fitted and brazed circuits

The RF loss properties and thermal capability of brazed helix circuits and interference fitted circuits were evaluated. The objective was to produce design circuits with minimum RF loss and maximum heat transfer. These circuits were to be designed to operate at 10 kV and at 20 GHz using a gamma a approximately equal to 1.0. This represents a circuit diameter of only 0.75 millimeters. The fabrication of this size circuit and the 0.48 millimeter high support rods required considerable refinements in the assembly techniques and fixtures used on lower frequency circuits. The transition from the helices to the waveguide was designed and the circuits were matched from 20 to 40 GHz since the helix design is a broad band circuit and at a gamma a of 1.0 will operate over this band. The loss measurement was a transmission measurement and therefore had two such transitions. This resulting double-ended match required tuning elements to achieve the broad band match and external E-H tuners at each end to optimize the match for each frequency where the loss measurement was made. The test method used was a substitution method where the test fixture was replaced by a calibrated attenuator.

Jacquez, A.