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Materials Data on Ti4O7 by Materials Project

Ti4O7 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are four inequivalent Ti+3.50+ sites. In the first Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of distorted face, edge, and corner-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–55°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.18 Å. In the second Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of distorted face, edge, and corner-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–55°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.18 Å. In the third Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–60°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.08 Å. In the fourth Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–60°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–2.12 Å. There are seven inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Ti+3.50+ atoms to form distorted edge-sharing OTi4 trigonal pyramids. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Ti+3.50+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing OTi4 trigonal pyramids. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Ti+3.50+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing OTi4 trigonal pyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Ti4O7 by Materials Project

Ti4O7 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are eight inequivalent Ti+3.50+ sites. In the first Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form TiO6 octahedra that share corners with three equivalent TiO6 octahedra, corners with three equivalent TiO5 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with two TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 46–56°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.10 Å. In the second Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O2- atoms. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–2.19 Å. In the third Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted TiO5 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with three TiO6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one TiO6 octahedra, and an edgeedge with one TiO5 trigonal bipyramid. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–55°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.86–2.13 Å. In the fourth Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted TiO6 octahedra that share corners with six TiO6 octahedra and edges with two TiO5 trigonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–56°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.91–2.16 Å. In the fifth Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted TiO5 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with five TiO6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one TiO6 octahedra, and an edgeedge with one TiO5 trigonal bipyramid. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 27–69°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–2.06 Å. In the sixth Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.91–2.54 Å. In the seventh Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted TiO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one TiO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent TiO5 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with two TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 47°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.90–2.09 Å. In the eighth Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted TiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent TiO6 octahedra, corners with three TiO5 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with two TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–55°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.93–2.21 Å. There are fourteen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to four Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to four Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Atomically Dispersed Ru-doped Ti 4 O 7 Electrocatalysts for Chlorine Evolution Reaction with a Universal Activity

Chlorine has been supplied by the chlor-alkali process that deploys dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) for the electrochemical chlorine evolution reaction (ClER). The paramount bottlenecks have been ascribed to an intensive usage of precious elements and inevitable competition with the oxygen evolution reaction. Herein, a unique case of Ru 2+ -O 4 active motifs anchored on Magnéli Ti 4 O 7 (Ru-Ti 4 O 7 ) via a straightforward wet impregnation and mild annealing is reported. The Ru-Ti 4 O 7 performs radically active ClER with minimal deployment of Ru (0.13 wt%), both in 5 m NaCl (pH 2.3) and 0.1 $\tiny{M}$ NaCl (pH 6.5) electrolytes. Scanning electrochemical microscopy demonstrates superior ClER selectivity on Ru-Ti 4 O 7 compared to the DSA. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations reveal a universally active ClER (over a wide range of pH and [Cl - ]), through a direct adsorption of Cl - on Ru 2+ -O 4 sites as the most plausible pathway, together with stabilized ClO* at low [Cl - ] and high pH.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗