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Ultraminiature television camera with a total volume of 20.25 cubic inches, requires 28 vdc power, operates on UHF and accommodates standard 8-mm optics. It uses microelectronic assembly packaging techniques and contains a magnetically deflected and electrostatically focused vidicon, automatic gain control circuit, power supply, and transmitter.
Panoramic television cameras aboard Lunik lunar probes
Image orthicon camera for televised images of gaseous regions in interplanetary space /TIGRIS/
Solid state television camera system consisting of monolithic semiconductor mosaic sensor and molecular digital readout systems
A unique electronic optical technique, consisting of two closed circuit television cameras and timing electronics, was devised to measure an aircraft's horizontal velocity and height above ground without the need for airborne cooperative devices. The system is intended to be used where the aircraft has a predictable flight path and a height of less than 660 meters (2,000 feet) at or near the end of an air terminal runway, but is suitable for greater aircraft altitudes whenever the aircraft remains visible. Two television cameras, pointed at zenith, are placed in line with the expected path of travel of the aircraft. Velocity is determined by measuring the time it takes the aircraft to travel the measured distance between cameras. Height is determined by correlating this speed with the time required to cross the field of view of either camera. Preliminary tests with a breadboard version of the system and a small model aircraft indicate the technique is feasible.
All television systems introduce distortions into the imagery they record which influence the results of quantitative photometric and geometric measurements. Digital computer techniques provide a powerful approach to the calibration and rectification of these systematic effects. Nonlinear as well as linear problems can be attacked with flexibility and precision. Methods which have been developed and applied for the removal of structured system noises and the correction of photometric, geometric, and resolution distortions in vidicon systems are briefly described. Examples are given of results derived primarily from the Mariner Mars 1969 television experiment.
Performance of high resolution television camera with selenium-doped antimony trisulfate photoconductor vidicon
A black and white television camera was used to observe the 9-m-diameter reflector after deployment to assure proper configuration. It also observes the reflector periodically to assure that no anomalies go undetected. It has been sending excellent pictures which verify that the reflector deployed properly and remains in good shape.
The mirror on the Surveyor 3 television camera was subjected to tests which modified its surface. Lunar dust was removed by rubbing, by acetate and metallic film stripping techniques, rinsing, scraping, and by inadvertently touching the surface. A second shadow line was revealed. Second and third generation peels were taken across the upper shadow line, and a study was made in order to define the source(s) or events(s) responsible for creating the two shadow lines occurring on the lower part of the mirror.
The command module television camera monitor exhibited loss of horizontal synchronization during the initial usage. This condition cleared and performance of the monitor was normal until the press conference telecast during the transearth coast phase. At that time, the monitor had the same horizontal synchronization problem reported during the initial usage. The horizontal hold control adjustment would not correct the condition. The monitor was turned off for approximately 5 minutes, then turned back on, after which the monitor's picture was normal. The loss of horizontal synchronization was most likely caused by either an intermittent condition in the precision voltage regulator circuit assembly in the low voltage power supply, or the shift of the stable range of the horizontal potentiometer setting when warming up after turn-on.
Electrical, mechanical, and circuit design of ultraminiature television camera
Determination of black and white lunar television camera performance after long storage for Apollo program
The development, construction, test and delivery of an integrating television camera for use as the primary data sensor on Flight 9 of Stratoscope 2 is described. The system block diagrams are presented along with the performance data, and definition of the interface of the telescope with the power, telemetry, and communication system.
The design, fabrication, and tests of a solid state television camera using a new charge-coupled imaging device are reported. An RCA charge-coupled device arranged in a 512 by 320 format and directly compatible with EIA format standards was the sensor selected. This is a three-phase, sealed surface-channel array that has 163,840 sensor elements, which employs a vertical frame transfer system for image readout. Included are test results of the complete camera system, circuit description and changes to such circuits as a result of integration and test, maintenance and operation section, recommendations to improve the camera system, and a complete set of electrical and mechanical drawing sketches.
An investigation of an all solid state television camera design, which uses a buried channel charge-coupled device (CCD) as the image sensor, was undertaken. A 380 x 488 element CCD array was utilized to ensure compatibility with 525 line transmission and display monitor equipment. Specific camera design approaches selected for study and analysis included (a) optional clocking modes for either fast (1/60 second) or normal (1/30 second) frame readout, (b) techniques for the elimination or suppression of CCD blemish effects, and (c) automatic light control and video gain control techniques to eliminate or minimize sensor overload due to bright objects in the scene. Preferred approaches were determined and integrated into a design which addresses the program requirements for a deliverable solid state TV camera.
An all solid state television camera was designed which uses a buried channel charge coupled device (CCD) as the image sensor. A 380 x 488 element CCD array is utilized to ensure compatibility with 525-line transmission and display monitor equipment. Specific camera design approaches selected for study and analysis included (1) optional clocking modes for either fast (1/60 second) or normal (1/30 second) frame readout, (2) techniques for the elimination or suppression of CCD blemish effects, and (3) automatic light control and video gain control techniques to eliminate or minimize sensor overload due to bright objects in the scene. Preferred approaches were determined and integrated into a deliverable solid state TV camera which addressed the program requirements for a prototype qualifiable to space environment conditions.
Cable run circuit with switching junction connectors at strategic locations enables television cameras to be plugged in with minimum effort wherever needed. Crimp-type contacts for mating connections reduce installation time and require a lesser level of technician skill than do soldered and potted connections.
The development of an all solid state television camera, which uses a buried channel charge coupled device (CCD) as the image sensor, was undertaken. A 380 x 488 element CCD array is utilized to ensure compatibility with 525 line transmission and display monitor equipment. Specific camera design approaches selected for study and analysis included (a) optional clocking modes for either fast (1/60 second) or normal (1/30 second) frame readout, (b) techniques for the elimination or suppression of CCD blemish effects, and (c) automatic light control and video gain control (i.e., ALC and AGC) techniques to eliminate or minimize sensor overload due to bright objects in the scene. Preferred approaches were determined and integrated into a deliverable solid state TV camera which addressed the program requirements for a prototype qualifiable to space environment conditions.