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At least 19 records

2010-2012 Minneapolis - St. Paul Travel Behavior Inventory

The 2010-2012 Travel Behavior Inventory (TBI) provided Minnesota policymakers and researchers with data about travel in the Minneapolis - St. Paul region. It also updated the region's travel demand forecasting, including transit ridership for major transportation projects. The Metropolitan Council in the Minneapolis-St. Paul area conducted the survey. The TBI consists of a paper-based survey and a wearable global positioning system survey. The data collection process for these two surveys was independent, and the results are not intended to function together.

1Hz data↗

Integration of Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems in St. Paul Ford Site's Redevelopment Plans

The purpose of this analysis is to estimate how much electricity the redeveloped Ford Motor Company assembly plant site in St. Paul, Minnesota, might consume under different development scenarios and how much rooftop photovoltaic (PV) generation might be possible at the site. Because the current development scenarios are high-level, preliminary sketches that describe mixes of residential, retail, commercial, and industrial spaces, electricity consumption and available rooftop area for PV under each scenario can only be grossly estimated. These results are only indicative and should be used for estimating purposes only and to help inform development goals and requirements moving forward.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

Transit Rider/Travel Behavior Inventory Survey - Minneapolis-St. Paul Metro - 2005

The survey was an on-board survey of transit riders on all regular route services for bus and light-rail in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul metropolitan area. The primary purpose of the study was to gather the data needed to update the mode choice models that are an integral component of the regional travel forecast model maintained by the Metropolitan Council, the metropolitan planning organization for the Minneapolis-Saint Paul metropolitan area. The survey instrument focused on identifying characteristics of the trip taken by each transit rider, including origin, destination, trip purpose, and mode of access. The survey also collected relevant socioeconomic and demographic information.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

Transit Rider/Travel Behavior Inventory Survey - Minneapolis-St. Paul Metro - 2010

The Metropolitan Council administered a system-wide transit on-board survey between September and November 2010 as part of the 2010 Travel Behavior Inventory to provide detailed transit usage patterns and rider information to support modeling and planning efforts. The study’s focus was to capture only the most current and reliable data necessary to determine future public transportation needs in the Minneapolis region. The study was structured to collect detailed transit ridership data for different routes during different times of day to develop a disaggregate transit trip table that will support advanced travel demand modeling. The study was designed to leverage existing data sources, such as the 2005 on-board survey, to provide the best quality data to update the Travel Behavior Inventory in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul metropolitan area.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

Transit Rider/Travel Behavior Inventory Survey - Minneapolis-St. Paul Metro - 1990

The 1990 transit on-board survey aimed to update the 1988 survey, which was conducted as part of the Preliminary Engineering Study for the Hennepin County Light Rail Transit System. The 1988 study received Regional Transit Board funding, and survey results could be applied to a mode split model for projecting ridership on the proposed Light Rail Transit System. However, this survey was designed with the 1990 Travel Behavior Inventory in mind. The intention had been to update the 1988 survey in 1990 to be compatible with the 1990 Travel Behavior Inventory data. The results of the 1990 survey were used primarily to create a table of observed transit trips between each of the 1,200 traffic analysis zones in the region. This trip table was used to calibrate a new mode split model, which estimated future year travel by mode. The 1990 update survey focused on new routes and routes that had changed significantly since 1988. To preserve compatibility with the 1988 survey, the same survey questionnaire card was used, together with the same survey procedures for data collection. The procedures randomly sampled bus patrons during the transit trip, asking key questions about the patron and the transit trip. The survey card was intended for patrons to fill out quickly so it could be completed during the transit trip. The questions focused on conditions that have proven over time to significantly influence ridership. In all, a total of 20,126 valid survey records were processed. Adding surrogate trips, the survey data file is composed of a total of 27,159 trip records . About 10% of the records were filled out by persons who had answered more than one questionnaire.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

Understanding Building Energy Use in Greater Minneapolis-St. Paul: Basic Building Stock Characterization

This report is part of a publication series that focuses on approximately 100 different local geographies, or "clusters." Each report provides commercial and multifamily building characteristic and energy data for a local geography, with the intention of helping policymakers at the city, county and state levels better understand building energy use. Specifically, this report breaks down the building stock in the counties shown in Figure 1 by building type, size, energy consumption, and emissions.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

Understanding Commercial Building Energy Use in Greater Minneapolis-St. Paul: Building Stock Segmentation for Retrofit Planning

This report is part of the second phase of a publication series focusing on approximately 100 different local geographies, or "clusters." Each report provides characteristic features and energy data for commercial buildings in a specific area to help policy makers at the city, county, and state level better understand building energy use and emissions. This report breaks down the energy consumption and emissions of the building stock in the counties shown in Figure 2 by building type, building size, end use, energy consumption, emissions, and segment.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

Understanding Multifamily Energy Use in Greater Minneapolis-St. Paul: Building Stock Segmentation for Retrofit Planning

This report is an addendum to a publication series that focuses on approximately 100 different local geographies, or "clusters". This addendum expands the report series to include large multifamily building characteristics as well as energy and emission data for each local geography. The intention of this addendum is to help policymakers at the city, county, and state levels better understand building energy use and emissions in large multifamily buildings.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

DOE Zero Energy Ready Home Case Study: Amaris Custom Homes, St. Paul, Minnesota

For this project, Amaris worked with U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) team, NorthernSTAR Building America Partnership, to develop the first Zero Energy Ready Home (ZERH) in Minnesota's cold climate using reasonable, cost-effective, and replicable construction materials and practices. The result is a passive solar, super-efficient 3542-ft2 walkout ranch-style home with all the creature comforts. Along with meeting ZERH standards, Amaris also achieved certifications for Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design for Homes v4, MN Green Path Emerald, and a Builders Association of the Twin Cities Reggie Award of Excellence. The home achieves a HERS score of 41 without photovoltaics; with PV, the home achieves a HERS score of 5.

Building America↗

Characterization of dynamics and decay in the St. Benedict Paul trap

The St. Benedict experiment includes a linear Paul trap designed to measure the beta-neutrino angular correlation coefficient 𝑎 𝛽ν of mixed superallowed 𝛽-decay transitions between mirror nuclei via coincidence detection of 𝛽-particles and recoiling ions. The emitted 𝛽 particle and daughter ion are detected with plastic scintillators and micro-channel plate detectors, respectively, allowing for accurate measurements of their time-of-flights. From the shape of the coincidence time-of-flight distribution, a value of 𝑎 𝛽ν can be determined. This manuscript presents detailed simulations of the St. Benedict Paul trap, with a focus on ion cloud dynamics and recoiling daughter trajectories.

Linear Paul trap↗

NorthernStar Zero Energy Ready Homes

This is a repository for all NorthernSTAR Zero Energy Ready certified homes. Amaris Homes Model Home - St. Paul, MN 55110 Description: Model home completed September 2013 The DOE Zero Energy Ready Home Case Study looks to study and eventually design zero net energy homes in cold weather climates. These zero net energy homes are referred to as challenge homes. For this challenge home, Amaris Homes is working with the DOE in St. Paul, Minnesota. The household located at MN 55110 acts as the Amaris Challenge Home Test. The resources include technical drawings including siding, roofing and Windows. Christian Builders Challenge Home - House Count: 1 - Otsego, MN 55374 Need pictures from builder; This home actually narrowly missed certification under DOE Net Zero Energy Ready Homes. Need building plans and project summary from builder. DESIGN AND STRUCTURE - Amaris Homes - House Count: 7 Stillwater, MN 55082; Vadnais Heights, MN 55127; Bloomington, MN 55437; Apple Valley, MN 55124; White Bear Lake, MN 55110; Mounds View, MN 55112; Midland, MI 48642; DOE Zero Energy Ready Homes

Array↗

Modeling the Integration of Marine Energy into Microgrids - Wave Resource Assessment

This submission has wave resource assessments which were conducted for six locations based on IEC requirements using the DOE WPTO Hindcast data and MHKiT. The locations are chosen to provide varying wave climates and include PacWave South, OR; Wave Energy Testing Site (WETS), HI; Molokai, HI; St. Paul, AK; Yakutat, Ak; and Sebastion, FL. It includes the data gathered and the resulting report. This submission also includes a link to Hindcast dataset and some relevant software.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗

KCMP Minnesota Tall Tower Nitrous Oxide Inverse Modeling Dataset 2010-2015

This data set contains nitrous oxide mixing ratios and supporting information measured at a tall tower (KCMP, 244 meter) site near St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. The data include nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide mixing ratios measured at the 100 meter level. Turbulence and wind data were measured using a sonic anemometer at the 185 meter level. Also included in this data set are estimates of the “background” nitrous oxide mixing ratios. This data was collected to improve understanding of the reactive nitrogen budget for the region.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

KCMP Minnesota Tall Tower Ammonia Observations and Emission Estimates Dataset 2017-2018

This data set contains NH3 mixing ratios, net ecosystem NH3 exchange, and supporting information measured at a tall tower (KCMP, 244 meter) site near St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. The data include NH3 and H2O mixing ratios measured at the 100 meter level, as well as NH3 mixing ratio measured at the 56 meter level. Wind data was measured using a sonic anemometer at the 185 meter level. Also included in this data set are values of wet N and NH3 deposition from 2016 - 2018. This data was collected to improve understanding of the ammonia and reactive nitrogen budget for the region.Ammonia mixing ratios were filtered for periods when the NH3 analyzer measured anomalous (i.e. 10 mmol mol-1) water vapor mixing ratios based on comparison with the IRGA (LI7000). Further, we filtered out NH3 observations obtained during strongly condensing conditions. These periods were identified when the water vapor mixing ratio differences between the 100 m and 56 m levels were more negative than -0.5 mmol mol-1 (i.e. when the water vapor gradient was strong and directed toward the land surface). Finally, we filtered out NH3 fluxes when the atmosphere was strongly stable (i.e. when (z-d)/L exceeded a value of +4.5) and subject to decoupling from the surface fluxes. Approximately 35.1% of the hourly flux data were either missing due to instrument failure or filtered according to the above quality control procedures.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

KCMP Minnesota Tall Tower Carbon Dioxide Data 2007-2019

This data set contains carbon dioxide concentration values and supporting metadata information measured at a tall tower (KCMP radio station, 244 meters) site near St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. The data package includes a text file containing hourly continuous carbon dioxide concentration measurements from 2007 to 2019, including raw, de-spiked, and gap filled data. Carbon dioxide concentrations were measured at approximately 100 meters using tunable diode laser spectroscopy. The instrumentation was maintained at the base of the tall tower in a temperature-controlled building. This data was collected to track and improve the understanding of carbon dioxide levels over a twelve year period for the region.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Evaporation Dataset from a Temperate Closed-basin Lake in Minnesota 2014-2016

This data set contains observed and modeled evaporation data, eddy covariance data, and supporting information measured at White Bear Lake in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area near St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. The data package includes csv files containing half-hourly latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, and meteorological data from 2014 to 2016. It also includes csv files containing half-hourly observed evaporation measurements, along with supporting data for validation and retrospective modeling of evaporation. This data was collected to examine current, past, and future lake evaporation to better understand how climate will impact the water balance of lakes within this region.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Impact Study of Metal Fasteners in Roofing Assemblies using Three-Dimensional Heat Transfer Analysis

Heat transfer analysis was performed on typical roofing assemblies using HEAT3, a three-dimensional heat transfer analysis software. The difference in heat transferred through the roofing assemblies considered is compared between two cases - without any steel fasteners and with steel fasteners. In the latter case, the metal roofing fasteners were arranged as per Factor Mutual Global (FMG) approvals, in the field, perimeter, and corner zones of the roof. The temperature conditions used for the analysis represented summer and winter conditions for three separate Climate Zones (CZ) namely Climate Zone 2 or CZ2 represented by Orlando, FL; CZ3 represented by Atlanta, GA; and CZ6 zone represented by St. Paul, MN. In all the climatic conditions, higher energy transfer was observed with increase in the number of metal fasteners attributed to high thermal conductivity of metals as compared to the insulation and other materials used in the roofing assembly. This difference in heat loss was also quantified in the form of percentage change in the overall or effective insulation of the roofing assembly for better understanding of the practical aspects. Besides, a comparison of 2D heat transfer analysis (using THERM software) and 3D analysis using HEAT3 is also discussed.

3D modeling↗

Advances in 3D transient plasma dynamics and control through MHD and hybrid fluid-kinetic simulations with JOREK

Transient phenomena and their control are of high relevance in magnetic confinement fusion plasmas to guarantee a stable and safe plasma operation. Interpretative simulations can maximize the insights gained from experiments on present machines and predictive simulations can help in the preparation of design, mitigation techniques and operational scenarios for future devices. In this article, we provide an overview of recent advances and novel scientific results obtained with the 3D non-linear hybrid fluid-kinetic code JOREK, covering physics of plasma transients from the core to the scrape-off layer (SOL) both for tokamak and stellarator devices. Substantial progress was made in the physics understanding, model validation with experiments and experiment interpretation, thus, giving confidence for predictions to devices like DTT, ITER and DEMO. The topics addressed comprise a wide range: the edge physics of new operation scenarios and edge localized mode suppression; major disruptions with a focus on runaway electrons and vertical displacement events as well as disruption mitigation by shattered pellet injection; the physics mechanisms and operational limits of the flux pumping regime for sawtooth control; MHD limits of stellarators and work towards incorporating advanced edge/SOL/exhaust dynamics; continuing improvements of the code for more efficient hybrid simulations on conventional and accelerated high performance computing architectures.

disruptions↗