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Materials Data on Sr3Ti2O7 by Materials Project

Sr3Ti2O7 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Sr2+ sites. In the first Sr2+ site, Sr2+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O2- atoms. There are a spread of Sr–O bond distances ranging from 2.50–2.79 Å. In the second Sr2+ site, Sr2+ is bonded to twelve O2- atoms to form SrO12 cuboctahedra that share corners with four equivalent SrO12 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent SrO12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent TiO6 octahedra. All Sr–O bond lengths are 2.79 Å. Ti4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form TiO6 octahedra that share corners with five equivalent TiO6 octahedra and faces with four equivalent SrO12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–2°. There is five shorter (1.97 Å) and one longer (2.01 Å) Ti–O bond length. There are three inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to four Sr2+ and two equivalent Ti4+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to five equivalent Sr2+ and one Ti4+ atom to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing OSr5Ti octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 8°. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to four equivalent Sr2+ and two equivalent Ti4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Revival and Technology Transfer of 90SrTiO3 Production for Heat Source Applications

Demand for radioisotope power systems (RPS) appears to be on the rise, and it is unlikely that this new demand can be met by plutonium-238. As a result, new heat source designs are under development. One such design is Z1. Z1 is a strontium-90 demonstration heat source developed by Zeno Power Systems in collaboration with the University of Dayton Research Institute and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. SrTiO3 was chosen as the fuel form for Z1. SrTiO3 was used to produce dozens of terrestrial RPS decades ago. While this indicates the technology is proven, the skill and experience necessary to effectively produce SrTiO3 has been lost. Recapturing SrTiO3 production technology therefore became necessary. Development started with non-radioactive surrogate experiments using natural strontium. This work showed that the old Oak Ridge flowsheets for SrTiO3 production are quite robust, but some critical pieces of the technology are left out of the old documentation. Specifically, particle sizes of the reagents are critical to producing a phase pure SrTiO3. If the reagent particles are not the right size, then a significant Sr3Ti2O7 phase impurity is observed. This phase impurity was proven to be the result of an incomplete reaction between the strontium and titanium precursors. This technology was transferred to Pacific Northwest National Laboratory where the technology was adapted for use in a hot cell. With the adaptations complete, this technology was used to produce the fuel for Z1 late last year. This represents the first new heat source design produced in the U.S. in over 40 years.

90Sr, strontium titanate, SrTi03, RTG, Radioisotop↗