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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sn(CO)4 by Materials Project

Sn(CO)4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Iba2 space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of eight Sn(CO)4 ribbons oriented in the (1, 0, 0) direction. Sn2+ is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Sn–O bond distances ranging from 2.17–2.53 Å. There are four inequivalent C+1.50+ sites. In the first C+1.50+ site, C+1.50+ is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.26 Å) and one longer (1.34 Å) C–O bond length. In the second C+1.50+ site, C+1.50+ is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.26 Å) and one longer (1.34 Å) C–O bond length. In the third C+1.50+ site, C+1.50+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.84 Å. In the fourth C+1.50+ site, C+1.50+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.91 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Sn2+ and one C+1.50+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Sn2+ and two C+1.50+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Sn2+ and two C+1.50+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Sn2+ and one C+1.50+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Unconventional Anomalous Hall Effect in Hexagonal Polar Magnet Y 3 Co 8 Sn 4

A rare realization of unconventional anomalous Hall effect (UAHE) both below and above the magnetic transition temperature (T C ) in a hexagonal noncentrosymmetric magnet Y 3 Co 8 Sn 4 , using a combined experimental and ab initio calculations. Occurrence of such UAHE is mainly attributed to the reciprocal ($\mathscr{KS}$) topology (i.e., the presence of topological Weyl points at/near the Fermi level), along with some contribution from the topological magnetic texture (at low temperatures), as inferred from the measured field-dependent ac susceptibility. The effect of UAHE on the measured transport behavior however evolves differently with temperature above and below T C = 53 K, suggesting different physical mechanism responsible in the two phases. A unique planar ferrimagnetic ordering is found to be the most stable state with ab-plane as the easy plane below T C . The simulated net magnetization and the moment per Co atom agrees fairly well with the experimentally measured values. A reasonably large anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) is also observed in both the phases (above and below T C ) of the present compound, which is again not so ubiquitous. In conclusion, the results underscore the family of R 3 Co 8 Sn 4 (R = rare earth) polar magnets as a compelling backdrop for exploring the synergy of magnetism and topological non-trivial electronic states, pivotal for spintronic applications.

Density functional theory calculations↗
DOE OSTI2024

La 4 Co 4 X ( X = Pb , Bi , Sb ) : A demonstration of antagonistic pairs as a route to quasi-low-dimensional ternary compounds

We outline how pairs of strongly immiscible elements, referred to here as antagonistic pairs, can be used to synthesize ternary compounds with low or quasi-reduced-dimensional motifs intrinsically built into their crystal structures. By identifying third elements that are mutually compatible with a given antagonistic pair, ternary compounds can be formed in which the third element segregates the immiscible atoms into spatially separated substructures. Quasi-low-dimensional structural units, such as sheets, chains, or clusters are a natural consequence of the immiscible atoms seeking to avoid close contact in the solid state. Further, as proof of principle, we present the discovery, crystal growth, and basic physical properties of La 4 ⁢Co 4 ⁢$\mathrm{X}$ (X = Pb, Bi, Sb), a family of intermetallic compounds based on the antagonistic pairs Co-Pb and Co-Bi. La 4 ⁢Co 4 ⁢$\mathrm{X}$ adopts an orthorhombic crystal structure (space group Pbam) containing quasi-two-dimensional Co slabs and La-X polyhedra that stack in an alternating manner along the α axis. Consistent with our proposal, the La atoms separate the Co and X substructures, ensuring there are no direct contacts between the members of the immiscible (antagonistic) pair. Within the Co slabs, the atoms occupy the vertices of corner sharing tetrahedra and triangles, and this bonding motif produces narrow electronic bands near the Fermi level that favor magnetism. The Co is moment bearing in each La 4 ⁢Co 4 $\mathrm{X}$ compound studied, and we show that whereas La 4 ⁢Co 4 ⁢Pb behaves as a three-dimensional antiferromagnet with T N =220K, La 4 ⁢Co 4 ⁢Bi and La 4⁢ Co 4 ⁢Sb have behavior consistent with low-dimensional magnetic coupling and ordering, with T N =153K and 143 K, respectively. In addition to the Pb-, Bi-, and Sb-based La 4 ⁢Co 4 ⁢$\mathrm{X}$ compounds, we also were likely able to produce an analogous La 4 ⁢Co 4 ⁢Sn in polycrystalline form, although we were unable to isolate single crystals. We anticipate that identifying and using mutually compatible third elements together with an antagonistic pair represents a generalizable design principle for discovering new materials and new structure types containing low-dimensional substructures.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS2014

Co(x)Ni(4-x)Sb(12-y)Sn(y) Ternary Skutterudites: Processing and Thermoelectric Properties

Skutterudites have proven to be a useful thermoelectric system as a result of their high figure of merit, favorable mechanical properties, and good thermal stability. Binary skutterudites have received the majority of interest in recent years, as a result of successful double and triple filling schemes. Ternary skutterudites, such as Ni4Sb7Sn5, also demonstrate good thermoelectric performance, with high power factor and low thermal conductivity. Ternary skutterudites, as contrasted to binary systems, provide more possibility for tuning electronic structure as substitutions can be studied on three elements. The Co(x)Ni(4-x)Sb(12-y)Sn(y) system has been investigated as both a p- and n-type thermoelectric material, stable up to 200 C. The system is processed through a combination of solidification, mechanical alloying, and hot pressing steps. Rietveld structure refinement has revealed an interesting occupancy of Sn on both the 24g Wyckoff position with Sb as well as the 2a position as a rattler. In addition to thermoelectric properties, detailed processing routes have been investigated on the system.

Seebeck effect↗
NASA NTRS2014

Thermoelectric properties of Co(x)Ni(4-x)Sb(12-y)Sn(y) ternary skutterudites

Thermoelectric materials based on the skutterudite crystal structure have demonstrated enhanced performance (ZT greater than 1), along with good thermal stability and favorable mechanical properties. Binary skutterudites, with single and multiple fillers, have been intensively studied in recent years. Compared to binary skutterudites, the ternary systems have received less attention, e.g. Ni4Sb8Sn4. Ternary skutterudites are isoelectronic variants of binary skutterudites; cation substitutions appear to be isostructural to their binary analogues. In general, ternary skutterudites exhibit lower thermal conductivity. Ternary systems of Ni4Bi8Ge4, Ni4Sb8Ge4, and Ni4Sb8Sn4 were investigated using combined solidification and sintering steps. Skutterudite formation was not achieved in the Ni4Bi8Ge4 and Ni4Sb8Ge4 systems; skutterudite formation occurred in Ni4Sb8Sn4 system. P-type material was achieved by Co substitution for Ni. Thermoelectric properties were measured from 298 K to 673 K for Ni4Sb8Sn4, Ni4 Sb7Sn5 and Co2Ni2Sb7Sn5. N-type Ni4Sb8Sn4 exhibit the highest figure of merit of 0.1 at 523 K.

Seebeck Effect↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Co2(SnTe)3 by Materials Project

Co2(SnTe)3 crystallizes in the trigonal R-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Co sites. In the first Co site, Co is bonded to three Sn and three Te atoms to form corner-sharing CoSn3Te3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–55°. There are two shorter (2.54 Å) and one longer (2.56 Å) Co–Sn bond lengths. There are a spread of Co–Te bond distances ranging from 2.55–2.57 Å. In the second Co site, Co is bonded to three equivalent Sn and three equivalent Te atoms to form corner-sharing CoSn3Te3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 47–55°. All Co–Sn bond lengths are 2.56 Å. All Co–Te bond lengths are 2.54 Å. There are two inequivalent Sn sites. In the first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Co and two equivalent Te atoms. There are one shorter (2.96 Å) and one longer (3.14 Å) Sn–Te bond lengths. In the second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Co and two equivalent Te atoms. There are one shorter (2.97 Å) and one longer (3.13 Å) Sn–Te bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Te sites. In the first Te site, Te is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Co and two equivalent Sn atoms. In the second Te site, Te is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Co and two equivalent Sn atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS2015

Filled Co (sub X) Ni (sub 4-x) Sb (sub 12-y) Sn (sub Y) Skutterudites: Processing and Thermoelectric Properties

Skutterudites have proven to be a useful thermoelectric system as a result of their enhanced figure of merit (ZT1), cheap material cost, favorable mechanical properties, and good thermal stability. The majority of skutterudite interest in recent years has been focused on binary skutterudites like CoSb3 or CoAs3. Binary skutterudites are often double and triple filled, with a range of elements from the lanthanide series, in order to reduce the lattice component of thermal conductivity. Ternary and quaternary skutterudites, such as Co4Ge6Se6 or Ni4Sb8Sn4, provide additional paths to tune the electronic structure. The thermal conductivity can further be improved in these complex skutterudites by the introduction of fillers. The Co (sub X) Ni (sub 4-x) Sb (sub 12-y) Sn (sub Y) system has been investigated as both a p- and n-type thermoelectric material, and is stable up to 200 degrees Centigrade. Yb, Ce, and Dy fillers have been introduced into the skutterudite to study the influence of both the type and the quantity of fillers on processing conditions and thermoelectric properties. The system was processed through a multi-step technique that includes solidification, mechano-chemical alloying, and hot pressing which will be discussed along with thermoelectric transport properties.

Thermoelectricity↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sm6Co2Sn by Materials Project

Sm6Co2Sn crystallizes in the orthorhombic Immm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Sm sites. In the first Sm site, Sm is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Co and two Sn atoms. There are two shorter (2.96 Å) and one longer (3.42 Å) Sm–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.36 Å) and one longer (3.69 Å) Sm–Sn bond lengths. In the second Sm site, Sm is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Co and two Sn atoms. There are one shorter (2.89 Å) and one longer (3.27 Å) Sm–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.12 Å) and one longer (3.45 Å) Sm–Sn bond lengths. In the third Sm site, Sm is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. There are one shorter (2.82 Å) and two longer (2.90 Å) Sm–Co bond lengths. The Sm–Sn bond length is 3.53 Å. There are two inequivalent Co sites. In the first Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to eight Sm and one Co atom. The Co–Co bond length is 2.21 Å. In the second Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to eight Sm and one Co atom. The Co–Co bond length is 2.24 Å. There are two inequivalent Sn sites. In the first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a cuboctahedral geometry to twelve Sm atoms. In the second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight Sm atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Electronic correlations and flattened band in magnetic Weyl semimetal candidate Co 3 Sn 2 S 2

The interplay between electronic correlations and topological protection may offer a rich avenue for discovering emergent quantum phenomena in condensed matter. However, electronic correlations have so far been little investigated in Weyl semimetals (WSMs) by experiments. Here, we report a combined optical spectroscopy and theoretical calculation study on the strength and effect of electronic correlations in a magnet Co 3 Sn 2 S 2 . The electronic kinetic energy estimated from our optical data is about half of that obtained from single-particle ab initio calculations in the ferromagnetic ground state, which indicates intermediate-strength electronic correlations in this system. Furthermore, comparing the energy and side-slope ratios between the interband-transition peaks at high energies in the experimental and single-particle-calculation-derived optical conductivity spectra with the bandwidth-renormalization factors obtained by many-body calculations enables us to estimate the Coulomb-interaction strength (U ~ 4 eV) in Co 3 Sn 2 S 2 . Besides, a sharp experimental optical conductivity peak at low energy, which is absent in the single-particle-calculation-derived spectrum but is consistent with the optical conductivity peaks obtained by many-body calculations with U ~ 4 eV, indicates that an electronic band connecting the two Weyl cones is flattened by electronic correlations and emerges near the Fermi energy in Co 3 Sn 2 S 2 . Our work paves the way for exploring flat-band-generated quantum phenomena in WSMs.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Fe6Sn2(CO)23 by Materials Project

(Fe(CO)4)4(Fe(CO)3)2(Sn)2CO crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four 7440-31-5 molecules, two formaldehyde molecules, four Fe(CO)3 clusters, and eight Fe(CO)4 clusters. In two of the Fe(CO)3 clusters, Fe3+ is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three C+0.87+ atoms. There is one shorter (1.78 Å) and two longer (1.79 Å) Fe–C bond length. There are three inequivalent C+0.87+ sites. In the first C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the second C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.17 Å. In the third C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. There are three inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In two of the Fe(CO)3 clusters, Fe3+ is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three C+0.87+ atoms. There is two shorter (1.79 Å) and one longer (1.80 Å) Fe–C bond length. There are three inequivalent C+0.87+ sites. In the first C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the second C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the third C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. There are three inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In two of the Fe(CO)4 clusters, Fe3+ is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to four C+0.87+ atoms. There are a spread of Fe–C bond distances ranging from 1.77–1.81 Å. There are four inequivalent C+0.87+ sites. In the first C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the second C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the third C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the fourth C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In two of the Fe(CO)4 clusters, Fe3+ is bonded in a see-saw-like geometry to four C+0.87+ atoms. There are a spread of Fe–C bond distances ranging from 1.77–1.81 Å. There are four inequivalent C+0.87+ sites. In the first C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the second C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the third C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the fourth C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In four of the Fe(CO)4 clusters, Fe3+ is bonded in a see-saw-like geometry to four C+0.87+ atoms. There are a spread of Fe–C bond distances ranging from 1.77–1.81 Å. There are four inequivalent C+0.87+ sites. In the first C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the second C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the third C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the fourth C+0.87+ site, C+0.87+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Fe3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+0.87+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Nd6Co2Sn by Materials Project

Nd6Co2Sn crystallizes in the orthorhombic Immm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Nd sites. In the first Nd site, Nd is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Co and two Sn atoms. There are one shorter (2.82 Å) and one longer (3.43 Å) Nd–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.17 Å) and one longer (3.48 Å) Nd–Sn bond lengths. In the second Nd site, Nd is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Co and two Sn atoms. There are two shorter (2.98 Å) and one longer (3.23 Å) Nd–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.33 Å) and one longer (3.79 Å) Nd–Sn bond lengths. In the third Nd site, Nd is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. There are one shorter (2.85 Å) and two longer (2.97 Å) Nd–Co bond lengths. The Nd–Sn bond length is 3.52 Å. There are two inequivalent Co sites. In the first Co site, Co is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to eight Nd atoms. In the second Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to eight Nd and one Co atom. The Co–Co bond length is 2.26 Å. There are two inequivalent Sn sites. In the first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a cuboctahedral geometry to twelve Nd atoms. In the second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight Nd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ho6Co2Sn by Materials Project

Ho6Co2Sn crystallizes in the orthorhombic Immm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Ho sites. In the first Ho site, Ho is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Co and two Sn atoms. There are one shorter (2.71 Å) and one longer (3.15 Å) Ho–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.07 Å) and one longer (3.31 Å) Ho–Sn bond lengths. In the second Ho site, Ho is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Co and two Sn atoms. There are two shorter (2.90 Å) and one longer (3.13 Å) Ho–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.20 Å) and one longer (3.62 Å) Ho–Sn bond lengths. In the third Ho site, Ho is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. There are one shorter (2.72 Å) and two longer (2.85 Å) Ho–Co bond lengths. The Ho–Sn bond length is 3.39 Å. There are two inequivalent Co sites. In the first Co site, Co is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to eight Ho and one Co atom. The Co–Co bond length is 2.72 Å. In the second Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to eight Ho and one Co atom. The Co–Co bond length is 2.24 Å. There are two inequivalent Sn sites. In the first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a cuboctahedral geometry to twelve Ho atoms. In the second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight Ho atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Dy6Co2Sn by Materials Project

Dy6Co2Sn crystallizes in the orthorhombic Immm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Dy sites. In the first Dy site, Dy is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Co and two Sn atoms. There are one shorter (2.71 Å) and one longer (3.20 Å) Dy–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.09 Å) and one longer (3.34 Å) Dy–Sn bond lengths. In the second Dy site, Dy is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Co and two Sn atoms. There are two shorter (2.91 Å) and one longer (3.12 Å) Dy–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.22 Å) and one longer (3.65 Å) Dy–Sn bond lengths. In the third Dy site, Dy is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. There are one shorter (2.74 Å) and two longer (2.88 Å) Dy–Co bond lengths. The Dy–Sn bond length is 3.40 Å. There are two inequivalent Co sites. In the first Co site, Co is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to eight Dy atoms. In the second Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to eight Dy and one Co atom. The Co–Co bond length is 2.24 Å. There are two inequivalent Sn sites. In the first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a cuboctahedral geometry to twelve Dy atoms. In the second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight Dy atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Tb6Co2Sn by Materials Project

Tb6Co2Sn crystallizes in the orthorhombic Immm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Tb sites. In the first Tb site, Tb is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Co and two Sn atoms. There are one shorter (2.72 Å) and one longer (3.23 Å) Tb–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.10 Å) and one longer (3.36 Å) Tb–Sn bond lengths. In the second Tb site, Tb is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Co and two Sn atoms. There are two shorter (2.92 Å) and one longer (3.13 Å) Tb–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.24 Å) and one longer (3.66 Å) Tb–Sn bond lengths. In the third Tb site, Tb is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. There are one shorter (2.76 Å) and two longer (2.89 Å) Tb–Co bond lengths. The Tb–Sn bond length is 3.42 Å. There are two inequivalent Co sites. In the first Co site, Co is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to eight Tb atoms. In the second Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to eight Tb and one Co atom. The Co–Co bond length is 2.24 Å. There are two inequivalent Sn sites. In the first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a cuboctahedral geometry to twelve Tb atoms. In the second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight Tb atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y6Co2Sn by Materials Project

Y6Co2Sn crystallizes in the orthorhombic Immm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Y sites. In the first Y site, Y is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Co and two Sn atoms. There are one shorter (2.75 Å) and one longer (3.21 Å) Y–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.09 Å) and one longer (3.35 Å) Y–Sn bond lengths. In the second Y site, Y is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Co and two Sn atoms. There are two shorter (2.95 Å) and one longer (3.20 Å) Y–Co bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.26 Å) and one longer (3.68 Å) Y–Sn bond lengths. In the third Y site, Y is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. There are one shorter (2.77 Å) and two longer (2.89 Å) Y–Co bond lengths. The Y–Sn bond length is 3.44 Å. There are two inequivalent Co sites. In the first Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to eight Y and one Co atom. The Co–Co bond length is 2.69 Å. In the second Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to eight Y and one Co atom. The Co–Co bond length is 2.24 Å. There are two inequivalent Sn sites. In the first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a cuboctahedral geometry to twelve Y atoms. In the second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight Y atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Advancing the Performance of Lithium-Rich Oxides in Concert with Inherent Complexities: Domain-Selective Substitutions

Historically, modifications to Li- and Mn-rich (LMR) cathodes have been studied in relation to their efficacy in solving challenges such as oxygen loss and voltage fade, which are inherent to the activation process of these electrodes. However, even in the presence of these phenomena, well-optimized LMR cathodes show considerable promise as earth-abundant options, particularly if other barriers to implementation can be overcome or mitigated. As the complex mechanisms of LMR electrodes are known to stem from the local, chemical inhomogeneities that define the nanocomposite domain nature of these oxides, strategies aimed at manipulating the performance of activated electrodes, irrespective of voltage fade, through domain-selective modifications, could prove instructive. In this work, we use a novel synthesis process aimed at influencing the site occupancy of substituted Sn 4+ , as an example 4+ cation, into a Co-free Li 1.13 Mn 0.57(1–x) Sn 0.57x Ni 0.3 O 2 LMR oxide. We show that Sn 4+ can be selectively substituted into Li-rich environments. The consequences are revealed to be both chemical and morphological, and the domain-selective doping strategy provides a knob for directed control of the low state-of-charge impedance behavior. In conclusion, these results reveal new clues and insights with respect to further advancing the practical relevance of LMR cathode particles and electrodes.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗