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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2003

Determination of Dimensionless Attenuation Coefficient in Shaped Resonators

The value of dimensionless attenuation coefficient is an important factor when numerically predicting high-amplitude acoustic waves in shaped resonators. Both the magnitude of the pressure waveform and the quality factor rely heavily on this dimensionless parameter. Previous authors have stated the values used, but have not completely explained their methods. This work fully describes the methodology used to determine this important parameter. Over a range of frequencies encompassing the fundamental resonance, the pressure waves were experimentally measured at each end of the shaped resonators. At the corresponding dimensionless acceleration, the numerical code modeled the acoustic waveforms generated in the resonator using various dimensionless attenuation coefficients. The dimensionless attenuation coefficient that most closely matched the pressure amplitudes and quality factors of the experimental and numerical results was determined to be the value to be used in subsequent studies.

Daniels, C.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Schwinger multichannel study of the 2Pi(g) shape resonance in N2

The results of a study on electron-target correlations in the 2Pi(g) shape resonance of elastic e-N2 scattering, using the Schwinger multichannel formulation, are reported. The effects of basis set, orbital representation, and closed-channel-configurations are delineated. The different roles of radial and angular correlations are compared.

Huo, Winifred M.↗
NASA NTRS2003

Optimized Shapes of Ocsillating Resonators for Generating High-Amplitude Pressure Waves

It is well known that the resonator geometry strongly influences the resonant frequencies of an acoustical resonator and the generated nonlinear standing pressure waveform. Maximizing the ratio of maximum to minimum gas pressure at an end of an oscillating resonator by optimizing the cavity contour is investigated numerically. A quasi-Newton type scheme is used to find optimized axisymmetric resonator shapes to achieve the maximum pressure compression ratio. The acoustical field is solved using a one-dimensional model, and the resonance frequency shift and hysteresis effects are obtained through an automation scheme based on continuation methods. Results are presented from optimizing cone, horn-cone, and cosine resonator geometries. Significant performance improvement is found in the optimized shapes over others previously published. Different optimized shapes are found when starting with different initial guesses, indicating multiple local extrema. The numerical model is validated by comparing with the experimental results of a horn-cone shaped resonator.

Li, Xiao-Fan↗
NASA NTRS1991

Theory of the resonance line shape in velocity-modulation spectroscopy

Velocity-modulation spectroscopy is often used to obtain absorption spectra of ions in discharges. However, there have been few studies of the line shape. The resonance line shape in velocity-modulation spectroscopy is derived in the present work. Both sinusoidal modulation and square-wave modulation are treated, and the differences in the resulting line shapes are emphasized. The results are relevant to measurements of ion mobilities, resolved with respect to the internal state of the ion.

Farley, John W.↗
NASA NTRS2004

Numerical Investigations of High Pressure Acoustic Waves in Resonators

This presentation presents work on numerical investigations of nonlinear acoustic phenomena in resonators that can generate high-pressure waves using acoustic forcing of the flow. Time-accurate simulations of the flow in a closed cone resonator were performed at different oscillation frequencies and amplitudes, and the numerical results for the resonance frequency and fluid pressure increase match the GRC experimental data well. Work on cone resonator assembly simulations has started and will involve calculations of the flow through the resonator assembly with and without acoustic excitation. A new technique for direct calculation of resonance frequency of complex shaped resonators is also being investigated. Script-driven command procedures will also be developed for optimization of the resonator shape for maximum pressure increase.

Athavale, Mahesh↗
NASA NTRS1980

Quasi-projection-operator calculation of inelastic resonances in He/-/ and Li

Feshbach resonances of electrons incident of He and Li(+) are calculated below the 3(S-3) target threshold by means of the inelastic quasi-projection-operator technique of Temkin and Bhatia (1972). A configuration-interaction-type wave function is employed with up to 46 configurations. The calculations reveal, with reasonable accuracy, all presently observed Feshbach resonances. The method does not reveal shape resonances, but, for isoelectronic systems with greater nuclear charge, it is argued that shape resonance should become less important. This is already apparent in the case of Li, for which the known resonances are calculated and higher resonances, for which there are as yet no experimental data, are predicted.

Wakid, S.↗
NASA NTRS2004

Modeling Nonlinear Acoustic Standing Waves in Resonators: Theory and Experiments

The overall goal of the cooperative research with NASA Glenn is to fundamentally understand, computationally model, and experimentally validate non-linear acoustic waves in enclosures with the ultimate goal of developing a non-contact acoustic seal. The longer term goal is to transition the Glenn acoustic seal innovation to a prototype sealing device. Lucas and coworkers are credited with pioneering work in Resonant Macrosonic Synthesis (RMS). Several Patents and publications have successfully illustrated the concept of Resonant Macrosonic Synthesis. To utilize this concept in practical application one needs to have an understanding of the details of the phenomenon and a predictive tool that can examine the waveforms produced within resonators of complex shapes. With appropriately shaped resonators one can produce un-shocked waveforms of high amplitude that would result in very high pressures in certain regions. Our goal is to control the waveforms and exploit the high pressures to produce an acoustic seal. Note that shock formation critically limits peak-to-peak pressure amplitudes and also causes excessive energy dissipation. Proper shaping of the resonator is thus critical to the use of this innovation.

Raman, Ganesh↗
NASA NTRS2003

Nonlinear Resonant Oscillations of Gas in Optimized Acoustical Resonators and the Effect of Central Blockage

Optimizing resonator shapes for maximizing the ratio of maximum to minimum gas pressure at an end of the resonator is investigated numerically. It is well known that the resonant frequencies and the nonlinear standing waveform in an acoustical resonator strongly depend on the resonator geometry. A quasi-Newton type scheme was used to find optimized axisymmetric resonator shapes achieving the maximum pressure compression ratio with an acceleration of constant amplitude. The acoustical field was solved using a one-dimensional model, and the resonance frequency shift and hysteresis effects were obtained through an automation scheme based on continuation method. Results are presented for optimizing three types of geometry: a cone, a horn-cone and a half cosine- shape. For each type, different optimized shapes were found when starting with different initial guesses. Further, the one-dimensional model was modified to study the effect of an axisymmetric central blockage on the nonlinear standing wave.

Li, Xiao-Fan↗
NASA NTRS2003

Nonlinear Resonant Oscillations of Gas in Optimized Acoustical Resonators and the Effect of Central Blockage

Optimizing resonator shapes for maximizing the ratio of maximum to minimum gas pressure at an end of the resonator is investigated numerically. It is well known that the resonant frequencies and the nonlinear standing waveform in an acoustical resonator strongly depend on the resonator geometry. A quasi-Newton type scheme was used to find optimized axisymmetric resonator shapes achieving the maximum pressure compression ratio with an acceleration of constant amplitude. The acoustical field was solved using a one-dimensional model, and the resonance frequency shift and hysteresis effects were obtained through an automation scheme based on continuation method. Results are presented for optimizing three types of geometry: a cone, a horn-cone and a half cosine-shape. For each type, different optimized shapes were found when starting with different initial guesses. Further, the one-dimensional model was modified to study the effect of an axisymmetric central blockage on the nonlinear standing wave.

Li, Xiaofan↗
NASA NTRS1991

1,3P(0) resonance states in positronium ions

The complex-rotation method was used to calculate doubly excited 1,3P(0) autodetaching resonances in Ps(-). The wave function is of the Hylleraas type with number of terms up to 1330, and Feshbach resonances connected with the positronium n = 4, 5, and 6 thresholds are reported. The study has also identified 1P(0) shape resonances connected with the n = 4 and 6 thresholds and a 3P(0) shape resonance connected with the n = 5 threshold.

Ho, Y. K.↗
NASA NTRS1995

Theoretical Study of Low-Energy Electron-Molecule Collisions

Polarized studies of electron collisions with carbon tetrafluoride and beryllium carbonyl are reported. In the e-CF4 study, the resonance structure between 8-9 eV is shown to be a superposition of the T2- and A1-symmetry shape resonances. The unequivocal assignment of this feature as a double-resonance structure clarifies certain discrepancies in previous attempts to ascribe the 8-9 eV feature to a shape resonance in one or another partial channel and explains the sensitivities found in the fragment ion production in the resonance region. The Be-CO system is chosen as a prototypical example of an absorbate-substrate interaction. To understand how bonding with the substrate affects the CO resonance, electron collision with two states of BeCO are studied, one with a very weak van der Waals bond and the other, with a normal chemical bond. It is shown that the nature of the Be-CO bond has strong effects on the cross section feature.

Huo, Winfred M.↗