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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

A Tool for Performing Link Analysis, Operational Sequence Analysis, and Workload Analysis to Support Nuclear Power Plant Control Room Modernization

Nuclear power continues to have an imperative role for the U.S.’s electricity generation. However, for these nuclear power plants (NPPs) to remain economically viable, new strategies for reducing operations and maintenance costs must be explored. The U.S. Department of Energy Light Water Reactor Sustainability Program is researching how to digitally transform existing analog and hybrid main control rooms into a fully integrated control room that addresses this challenge. The transformation will fundamentally change the conduct of operations for these U.S. NPPs. Human factors engineering has a vital role in this effort, where traditional task analysis methods are important in informing the design of advanced human-system interface displays. This work describes a preliminary tool to support task analysis for the development of these advanced displays. Details on the use of this tool, including the specific task analysis methods offered, are presented in this paper.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2018

The EVcouplings Python framework for coevolutionary sequence analysis

Coevolutionary sequence analysis has become a commonly used technique for de novo prediction of the structure and function of proteins, RNA, and protein complexes. We present the EVcouplings framework, a fully integrated open-source application and Python package for coevolutionary analysis. The framework enables generation of sequence alignments, calculation and evaluation of evolutionary couplings (ECs), and de novo prediction of structure and mutation effects. The combination of an easy to use, flexible command line interface and an underlying modular Python package makes the full power of coevolutionary analyses available to entry-level and advanced users.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Iron-Chromium-Aluminum Accident Tolerant Fuel Concept Source Term Accident Sequence Analysis - High Burnup Fuel Source Term Accident Sequence Analysis Supplement

To extend NUREG-1465 and high burnup fuel source term (SAND2023-01313) recommendations, representative radiological releases to containment – patterned after NUREG-1465 – have been evaluated for LWRs utilizing iron-chromium-aluminum (FeCrAl) alloys in place of zirconium-based alloys in major core structures (cladding and fuel canisters) and high burnup fuel with enrichments of 8% and 10% for PWRs and BWRs, respectively. Representative radionuclide releases are generated for this accident tolerant fuel concept by applying non-parametric bootstrap methods to MELCOR simulation results. Accident scenarios considered in this analysis include principle contributors to historical core damage frequency estimates for a range of nuclear reactor technologies representative of the operating U.S.A. fleet of nuclear reactors.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Cr-coated Accident Tolerant Fuel Concept Source Term Accident Sequence Analysis - High Burnup Fuel Source Term Accident Sequence Analysis Supplement

To extend NUREG-1465 and high burnup fuel source term (SAND2023-01313) recommendations, representative radiological releases to containment – patterned after NUREG-1465 – have been evaluated for LWRs utilizing the chromium-coating on major zircaloy structures (cladding and fuel canisters) and high burnup fuel with enrichments of 8% and 10% for PWRs and BWRs, respectively. Representative radionuclide releases are generated for this accident tolerant fuel concept by applying non-parametric bootstrap methods to MELCOR simulation results. Accident scenarios considered in this analysis include principle contributors to historical core damage frequency estimates for a range of nuclear reactor technologies representative of the operating U.S.A. fleet of nuclear reactors.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Shared Genomic Regions Between Derivatives of a Large Segregating Population of Maize Identified Using Bulked Segregant Analysis Sequencing and Traditional Linkage Analysis

Delayed transition from the vegetative stage to the reproductive stage of development and increased plant height have been shown to increase biomass productivity in grasses. The goal of this project was to detect quantitative trait loci using extremes from a large synthetic population, as well as a related recombinant inbred line mapping population for these two traits. Ten thousand individuals from a B73 × Mo17 noninbred population intermated for 14 generations (IBM Syn14) were grown at a density of approximately 16,500 plants ha -1 . Flowering time and plant height were measured within this population. DNA was pooled from the 46 most extreme individuals from each distributional tail for each of the traits measured and used in bulk segregant analysis (BSA) sequencing. Allelic divergence at each of the ~1.1 million SNP loci was estimated as the difference in allele frequencies between the selected extremes. Additionally, 224 intermated B73 × Mo17 recombinant inbred lines were concomitantly grown at a similar density adjacent to the large synthetic population and were assessed for flowering time and plant height. Using the BSA sequencing method, 14 and 13 genomic regions were identified for flowering time and plant height, respectively. Linkage mapping with the RIL population identified eight and three regions for flowering time and plant height, respectively. Of the regions identified, three colocalized between the two populations for flowering time and two colocalized for plant height. This study demonstrates the utility of using BSA sequencing for the dissection of complex quantitative traits important for production of lignocellulosic ethanol.

Genetics & Heredity↗
DOE OSTI2016

Data from: Shared genomic regions between derivatives of a large segregating population of maize identified using bulked segregant analysis sequencing and traditional linkage analysis

Delayed transition from the vegetative stage to the reproductive stage of development and increased plant height have been shown to increase biomass productivity in grasses. The goal of this project was to detect quantitative trait loci using extremes from a large synthetic population, as well as a related recombinant inbred line mapping population for these two traits. Ten thousand individuals from a B73 × Mo17 noninbred population intermated for 14 generations (IBM Syn14) were grown at a density of approximately 16,500 plants ha−1. Flowering time and plant height were measured within this population. DNA was pooled from the 46 most extreme individuals from each distributional tail for each of the traits measured and used in bulk segregant analysis (BSA) sequencing. Allelic divergence at each of the ∼1.1 million SNP loci was estimated as the difference in allele frequencies between the selected extremes. Additionally, 224 intermated B73 × Mo17 recombinant inbred lines were concomitantly grown at a similar density adjacent to the large synthetic population and were assessed for flowering time and plant height. Using the BSA sequencing method, 14 and 13 genomic regions were identified for flowering time and plant height, respectively. Linkage mapping with the RIL population identified eight and three regions for flowering time and plant height, respectively. Of the regions identified, three colocalized between the two populations for flowering time and two colocalized for plant height. This study demonstrates the utility of using BSA sequencing for the dissection of complex quantitative traits important for production of lignocellulosic ethanol.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Massively Parallel and Portable Genomic Sequence Analysis

Massively Parallel and Portable Genomic Sequence Analysis (mappgene) is a sequencing analysis workflow for high performance computing. It incorporates novel technologies to simplify and accelerate genetics research.

Moon, Josephy↗
DOE OSTI2017

Workbench Analysis Sequence Processor

The Workbench Analysis Sequence Processor (WASP) was developed to streamline lexing, parsing, access, validation, and analysis of ascii text files.

Lefebvre, RobertA.↗
DOE OSTI2017

Workbench Analysis Sequence Processor

The Workbench Analysis Sequence Processor (WASP) was developed to streamline lexing, parsing, access, validation, and analysis of ascii text files. The foundation of WASP resides on the parse tree data structure, where each node in the tree represents the syntax of the input document. Nodes can parent nodes with children. Nodes that have no children are known as terminal or leaf nodes , and they represent tokens (string, number, delimiter, etc.) in the text file. The fast lexical analyzer generator (flex - https://www.gnu.org/software/flex/) and GNU Bison parser generator (https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/) are extensively used for lexing and parsing.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2013

Modern Computational Techniques for the HMMER Sequence Analysis

This paper focuses on the latest research and critical reviews on modern computing architectures, software and hardware accelerated algorithms for bioinformatics data analysis with an emphasis on one of the most important sequence analysis applications—hidden Markov models (HMM). We show the detailed performance comparison of sequence analysis tools on various computing platforms recently developed in the bioinformatics society. The characteristics of the sequence analysis, such as data and compute-intensive natures, make it very attractive to optimize and parallelize by using both traditional software approach and innovated hardware acceleration technologies.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

A Multilocus Sequence Analysis Scheme for Phylogeny of Thioclava Bacteria and Proposal of Two Novel Species

A multilfocus sequence analysis (MLSA) was established and performed on the genus Thioclava, including 23 strains isolated from diverse marine environments, with the aim of better differentiation of strains and species within this genus. The study was based on sequences of 16S rRNA gene and five protein-coding housekeeping genes, gyrB, rpoD, dnaK, trpB, and recA. In contrast to 16S rRNA gene-based tree that was unable to separate some species within this genus, each tree based on a single housekeeping gene and MLSA had consistently defined seven clades, corresponding to the five established ones and two novel ones. The digital DNA-DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity analyses based on genome sequences of the representative strains reconfirmed the validity of the MLSA analysis, and recommended a 97.3% MLSA similarity as the soft species threshold and nine species representing the five known and four putative novel species. Two of the four new species were identified as Thioclava sediminum sp. nov. (type strain TAW-CT134T = MCCC 1A10143T = LMG 29615T ) and Thioclava marinus sp. nov. (type strain 11.10-0-13T = MCCC 1A03502T = LMG 29618T ) by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Taken together, the newly established MLSA in this study first described the variability and phylogeny of the genus Thioclava which contributes to better understanding its ecology and evolution.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1992

Purification and sequence analysis of two rat tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases

Two protein inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) were isolated from medium conditioned by the clonal rat osteosarcoma line UMR 106-01. Initial purification of both a 30-kDa inhibitor and a 20-kDa inhibitor was accomplished using heparin-Sepharose chromatography with dextran sulfate elution followed by DEAE-Sepharose and CM-Sepharose chromatography. Purification of the 20-kDa inhibitor to homogeneity was completed with reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The 20-kDa inhibitor was identified as rat TIMP-2. The 30-kDa inhibitor, although not purified to homogeneity, was identified as rat TIMP-1. Amino terminal amino acid sequence analysis of the 30-kDa inhibitor demonstrated 86% identity to human TIMP-1 for the first 22 amino acids while the sequence of the 20-kDa inhibitor was identical to that of human TIMP-2 for the first 22 residues. Treatment with peptide:N-glycosidase F indicated that the 30-kDa rat inhibitor is glycosylated while the 20-kDa inhibitor is apparently unglycosylated. Inhibition of both rat and human interstitial collagenase by rat TIMP-2 was stoichiometric, with a 1:1 molar ratio required for complete inhibition. Exposure of UMR 106-01 cells to 10(-7) M parathyroid hormone resulted in approximately a 40% increase in total inhibitor production over basal levels.

NASA Discipline Musculoskeletal↗
DOE OSTI2016

Whole Genome Sequence Analysis Using JSpecies Tool Establishes Clonal Relationships between Listeria monocytogenes Strains from Epidemiologically Unrelated Listeriosis Outbreaks

In an effort to build a comprehensive genomic approach to food safety challenges, the FDA has implemented a whole genome sequencing effort, GenomeTrakr, which involves the sequencing and analysis of genomes of foodborne pathogens. As a part of this effort, we routinely sequence whole genomes of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) isolates associated with human listeriosis outbreaks, as well as those isolated through other sources. To rapidly establish genetic relatedness of these genomes, we evaluated tetranucleotide frequency analysis via the JSpecies program to provide a cursory analysis of strain relatedness. The JSpecies tetranucleotide (tetra) analysis plots standardized (z-score) tetramer word frequencies of two strains against each other and uses linear regression analysis to determine similarity (r 2 ). This tool was able to validate the close relationships between outbreak related strains from four different outbreaks. Included in this study was the analysis of Lm strains isolated during the recent caramel apple outbreak and stone fruit incident in 2014. We identified that many of the isolates from these two outbreaks shared a common 4b variant (4bV) serotype, also designated as IVb-v1, using a qPCR protocol developed in our laboratory. The 4bV serotype is characterized by the presence of a 6.3 Kb DNA segment normally found in serotype 1/2a, 3a, 1/2c and 3c strains but not in serotype 4b or 1/2b strains. We decided to compare these strains at a genomic level using the JSpecies Tetra tool. Specifically, we compared several 4bV and 4b isolates and identified a high level of similarity between the stone fruit and apple 4bV strains, but not the 4b strains co-identified in the caramel apple outbreak or other 4b or 4bV strains in our collection. This finding was further substantiated by a SNP-based analysis. Additionally, we were able to identify close relatedness between isolates from clinical cases from 1993–1994 and a single case from 2011 as well as links between two isolates from over 30 years ago. The identification of these potential links shows that JSpecies Tetra analysis can be a useful tool in rapidly assessing genetic relatedness of Lm isolates during outbreak investigations and for comparing historical isolates. In conclusion, our analyses led to the identification of a highly related clonal group involved in two separate outbreaks, stone fruit and caramel apple, and suggests the possibility of a new genotype that may be better adapted for certain foods and/or environment.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2019

Gene Determinants for Mercury Bioremediation as Revealed by Draft Genome Sequence Analysis of Stenotrophomonas sp. Strain MA5

A soilborne Stenotrophomonas sp. strain (MA5) that is resistant to mercury was isolated. A draft genome sequence-based analysis revealed a suite of gene determinants to resist mercury and other heavy metals, multidrug efflux, stress response, and membrane transport, and these provide cues to a suite of mechanisms that underpin cellular survival in contaminated soil.

Pathak, Ashish↗
DOE OSTI2017

Metagenomic 16S rRNA Sequencing Analysis of Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Microbiota from the Puget Sound Region in the United States

This is the first study analyzing Pacific oyster microbiota in the Puget Sound estuarine system using a next-generation sequencing method. Taxonomic analysis indicated that Tenericutes, Chlamydiae , Proteobacteria , and Firmicutes were the most abundant phyla. Small numbers of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to the Vibrio genus were detected in all the oyster microbiome samples.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2013

Metagenome Sequence Analysis of Filamentous Microbial Communities Obtained from Geochemically Distinct Geothermal Channels Reveals Specialization of Three Aquificales Lineages

The Aquificales are thermophilic microorganisms that inhabit hydrothermal systems worldwide and are considered one of the earliest lineages of the domain Bacteria. We analyzed metagenome sequence obtained from six thermal “filamentous streamer” communities (~40 Mbp per site), which targeted three different groups of Aquificales found in Yellowstone National Park (YNP). Unassembled metagenome sequence and PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene libraries revealed that acidic, sulfidic sites were dominated by Hydrogenobaculum (Aquificaceae) populations, whereas the circum-neutral pH (6.5–7.8) sites containing dissolved sulfide were dominated by Sulfurihydrogenibium spp. (Hydrogenothermaceae). Thermocrinis (Aquificaceae) populations were found primarily in the circum-neutral sites with undetectable sulfide, and to a lesser extent in one sulfidic system at pH 8. Phylogenetic analysis of assembled sequence containing 16S rRNA genes as well as conserved protein-encoding genes revealed that the composition and function of these communities varied across geochemical conditions. Each Aquificales lineage contained genes for CO2 fixation by the reverse-TCA cycle, but only the Sulfurihydrogenibium populations perform citrate cleavage using ATP citrate lyase (Acl). The Aquificaceae populations use an alternative pathway catalyzed by two separate enzymes, citryl-CoA synthetase (Ccs), and citryl-CoA lyase (Ccl). All three Aquificales lineages contained evidence of aerobic respiration, albeit due to completely different types of heme Cu oxidases (subunit I) involved in oxygen reduction. The distribution of Aquificales populations and differences among functional genes involved in energy generation and electron transport is consistent with the hypothesis that geochemical parameters (e.g., pH, sulfide, H2, O2) have resulted in niche specialization among members of the Aquificales.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1987

Design and assembly sequence analysis of option 3 for CETF reference space station

A design and assembly sequence was conducted on one option of the Dual Keel Space Station examined by a NASA Critical Evaluation Task Force to establish viability of several variations of that option. A goal of the study was to produce and analyze technical data to support Task Force decisions to either examine particular Option 3 variations in more depth or eliminate them from further consideration. An analysis of the phasing assembly showed that use of an Expendable Launch Vehicle in conjunction with the Space Transportation System (STS) can accelerate the buildup of the Station and ease the STS launch rate constraints. The study also showed that use of an Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle on the first flight can significantly benefit Station assembly and, by performing Station subsystem functions, can alleviate the need for operational control and reboost systems during the early flights. In addition to launch and assembly sequencing, the study assessed stability and control, and analyzed node-packaging options and the effects of keel removal on the structural dynamics of the Station. Results of these analyses are presented and discussed.

Garrett, L. Bernard↗