Solid-state detector
Solid state detector - N type silicon surface barrier diode as microparticle detector
SOLID STATE DEVICE↗
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Results for “SOLID STATE DETECTORS”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Design and development of solid state detector for SCADS
Solid state detector technology was applied to the fabrication and testing of cadmium sulfide and silicon narrow slit detector/preamplifier subassemblies. Fabrication of the silicon detector and the cadmium sulfide detectors was accomplished by utilizing cadmium sulfide cells and silicon cells. Fabrication of the preamplifiers for both silicon and cadmium sulfide slit type detectors was also carried out. The design of these preamplifiers was adjusted to ascertain that the limiting noise source of the detector/preamplifier subassembly is the detector and the input cable.
Source record↗
Measurements of electron detection efficiencies in solid state detectors.
Detailed laboratory measurement of the electron response of solid state detectors as a function of incident electron energy, detector depletion depth, and energy-loss discriminator threshold. These response functions were determined by exposing totally depleted silicon surface barrier detectors with depletion depths between 50 and 1000 microns to the beam from a magnetic beta-ray spectrometer. The data were extended to 5000 microns depletion depth using the results of previously published Monte Carlo electron calculations. When the electron counting efficiency of a given detector is plotted as a function of energy-loss threshold for various incident energies, the efficiency curves are bounded by a smooth envelope which represents the upper limit to the detection efficiency. These upper limit curves, which scale in a simple way, make it possible to easily estimate the electron sensitivity of solid-state detector systems.
Lupton, J. E.↗
SOLID-STATE DETECTORS FOR INNER ZONE PROTONS
Solid-state proton telescope detector for measuring directional flux and spectrum of protons
SOLID STATE DEVICE↗
SU-E-J-51: Dose Response of Common Solid State Detectors in Homogeneous Transverse and Longitudinal Magnetic Fields
Purpose: Solid state radiation detectors are often used for dose profiles and percent depth dose measurements. The dose response of selected solid state detectors is evaluated in varying transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields for eventual use in MR-Linac devices. Methods: A PTW 60003 and IBA PFD detector were modeled in the Monte Carlo code PENELOPE, incorporating a magnetic field which was varied in strength and oriented both transversely and longitudinally with respect to the incident photon beam. The detectors' long axis was in turn oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the photon beam. Dose to the active volume of each detector was scored, and its ratio to dose with zero magnetic field strength (dose response) was determined. Accuracy of the simulations was evaluated by measurements using both chambers taken at low field with a small electromagnet. Simulations were also performed in a water phantom to compare to the in air results. Results: Significant dose response was found in transverse field geometries, nearing 20% at 1.5T. The response is highly dependent on relative orientations to the magnetic field and photon beam, and on detector composition. Low field measurements confirm these results. In the presence of longitudinal magnetic fields, the detectors exhibit little dose response, reaching 0.5–1% at 1.5T regardless of detector orientation. Water tank simulations compared well to the in air simulations when not at the beam periphery, where in transverse magnetic fields only, the water tank simulations differed from the in air results. Conclusion: Transverse magnetic fields can cause large deviations in dose response, and are highly position orientation dependent. Comparatively, longitudinal magnetic fields exhibit little to no dose response in each detector as a function of magnetic field strength. Water tank simulations show longitudinal fields are generally easier to work with, but each detector must be evaluated separately.
07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
A solid state detector experiment for electron measurements on OGO-F.
Solid state detector system for electron measurements on OGO-F
Trainor, J. H.↗
Solid state detectors monitor relay contacts
Hand carried, solid state, 18-channel detector system constantly monitors contact conditions in relays. The system is relatively insensitive to external noise and is powered by standard 110 volt ac.
Quinn, J. D.↗
The solid state detector technology for picosecond laser ranging
We developed an all solid state laser ranging detector technology, which makes the goal of millimeter accuracy achievable. Our design and construction philosophy is to combine the techniques of single photon ranging, ultrashort laser pulses, and fast fixed threshold discrimination while avoiding any analog signal processing within the laser ranging chain. The all solid state laser ranging detector package consists of the START detector and the STOP solid state photon counting module. Both the detectors are working in an optically triggered avalanche switching regime. The optical signal is triggering an avalanche current buildup which results in the generation of a uniform, fast risetime output pulse.
Prochazka, Ivan↗
Cyclotron tests to determine the response of solid-state detectors to protons of energies 50 to 160 mev for use in a proton spectrometer.
Cyclotron tests to determine response of solid state detectors to protons of energies 50 to 160 mev for use in proton spectrometer
PROTON TELESCOPE↗
A rocket-borne energy spectrometer using multiple solid-state detectors for particle identification
A rocket-borne experiment using energy spectrometers that allows particle identification by the use of multiple solid-state detectors is described. The instrumentation provides information regarding the energy spectrum, pitch-angle distribution, and the type of energetic particles present in the ionosphere. Particle identification was accomplished by considering detector loss mechanisms and their effects on various types of particles. Solid state detectors with gold and aluminum surfaces of several thicknesses were used. The ratios of measured energies for the various detectors were compared against known relationships during ground-based analysis. Pitch-angle information was obtained by using detectors with small geometrical factors mounted with several look angles. Particle flux was recorded as a function of rocket azimuth angle. By considering the rocket azimuth, the rocket precession, and the location of the detectors on the rocket, the pitched angle of the incident particles was derived.
Fries, K. L.↗
A solid state detector experiment for electron measurements on OGO-F
Design criteria for solid state detectors for orbiting geophysical observatory onboard electron flux and spectra measurements
Trainor, J. H.↗
High sensitivity operation of discrete solid state detectors at 4 K
Techniques are described to allow operation of discrete, solid state detectors at 4 K with optimized JFET amplifiers. Three detector types cover the 0.6 to 4 mm spectral range with NEP approximately equal to 10 to the 16th power Hz (-1/2) for two of the types and potential improvement to this performance for the third. Lower NEP's are anticipated at longer infrared wavelengths.
Rieke, G. H.↗
High sensitivity operation of discrete solid state detectors of 4 K
Techniques are described to allow operation of discrete solid state detectors at 4 K with optimized junction field effect transistor (JFET) amplifiers. Three detector types cover the 0.6-4 micron spectral range with a noise equivalent power (NEP) of approximately 10 to the -16th per sq rt Hz for two of the types and potential improvement to this performance for the third. Lower NEPs can be anticipated at longer IR wavelengths.
Rieke, G. H.↗
Comments of a paper on 'elastically scattered recoil nuclei in solid state detectors'
Utilization of elastically scattered recoil ions to measure solid state track detector registration characteristics and particle trajectory analysis
Maurette, M.↗
A modular solid state detector for measuring high energy heavy ion fragmentation near the beam axis
A multi-element solid state detector has been designed to measure fluences of fragments produced near the beam axis by high energy heavy ion beams in thick targets. The detector is compact and modular, so as to be readily reconfigured according to the range of fragment charges and energies to be measured. Preamplifier gain settings and detector calibrations are adjustable remotely under computer control. We describe the central detector, its associated detectors and electronics, triggering scheme, data acquisition and particle identification techniques, illustrated by data taken with 600 MeV/u 56Fe beams and thick polyethylene targets at the LBL Bevalac. The applications of this work to space radiation protection are discussed.
NASA Center HQS↗
Cyclotron tests to determine the response of solid-state detectors to protons of energies 50 to 160 mev for use in a proton spectrometer
Cyclotron tests for determination of solid state detector response to protons of energies 50 to 160 MeV for use in proton spectrometer
PROTON↗
Spectral observations of the soft X-ray background with solid-state detectors - Evidence for line emissions
The soft X-ray radiation from several regions of the sky was observed with solid-state detectors Si(Li) between 0.3 and 1.2 keV during two rocket flights. The thermal nature of the diffuse emission coming from the hot bubble surrounding the solar system is confirmed by the observation of C V-C VI and O VII lines which are typical of a temperature of about 10 to the 6th K. Evidence for the existence of a weak component at a higher temperature is given. This component, well visible in the high latitude spectra, could be produced by a hot galactic halo. In the direction of the enhancement region centered on the North Polar Spur, the radiation excess spectra are well represented by a two-temperature plasma model with rather standard abundances. The two components have temperatures of 10 to the 6th and 4.7 x 10 to the 6th K.
Rocchia, R.↗
Dose response of selected solid state detectors in applied homogeneous transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields
Purpose: MR-Linac devices under development worldwide will require standard calibration, commissioning, and quality assurance. Solid state radiation detectors are often used for dose profiles and percent depth dose measurements. The dose response of selected solid state detectors is therefore evaluated in varying transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields for this purpose. Methods: The Monte Carlo code PENELOPE was used to model irradiation of a PTW 60003 diamond detector and IBA PFD diode detector in the presence of a magnetic field. The field itself was varied in strength, and oriented both transversely and longitudinally with respect to the incident photon beam. The long axis of the detectors was oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the photon beam. The dose to the active volume of each detector in air was scored, and its ratio to dose with zero magnetic field strength was determined as the “dose response” in magnetic field. Measurements at low fields for both detectors in transverse magnetic fields were taken to evaluate the accuracy of the simulations. Additional simulations were performed in a water phantom to obtain few representative points for beam profile and percent depth dose measurements. Results: Simulations show significant dose response as a function of magnetic field in transverse field geometries. This response can be near 20% at 1.5 T, and it is highly dependent on the detectors’ relative orientation to the magnetic field, the energy of the photon beam, and detector composition. Measurements at low transverse magnetic fields verify the simulations for both detectors in their relative orientations to radiation beam. Longitudinal magnetic fields, in contrast, show little dose response, rising slowly with magnetic field, and reaching 0.5%–1% at 1.5 T regardless of detector orientation. Water tank and in air simulation results were the same within simulation uncertainty where lateral electronic equilibrium is present and expectedly differed at the beam edge in transverse field orientations only. Due to the difference in design, the two detectors behaved differently. Conclusions: When transverse magnetic fields are present, great care must be taken when using diamond or diode detectors. Dose response varies with relative detector orientation, magnetic field strength, and between detectors. This response can be considerable (∼20% for both detectors). Both detectors in longitudinal fields exhibit little to no dose response as a function of magnetic field. Water tank simulations seem to suggest that the diode detector is better suited to general beam commissioning, and each detector must be investigated separately.
07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗