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At least 19 records

Investigation of solidification in zero-gravity environment: M553 sphere forming experiment. Nickel-silver alloy evaluation

The processing of nickel-silver alloy specimens in space is discussed. Four specimens were melted only partially, while a fifth was melted completely and assumed after solidification a perfectly spherical shape. Growth of the solid was epitaxial on the unmelted material or on the retaining sting and occurred without undercooling. Solidification was dendritic in all cases with nonequilibrium silver particles forming monotectically between dendrite arms. Substantial loss of silver by evaporation took place. Evaporation of the silver within internal gas cavities on the melt was followed by surface condensation after completion of solidification and cooling, leading to a silver-rich lining in these cavities. The material gave no microstructural evidence of any reduction in liquid convection.

Kattamis, T. Z.↗

Permeation Rate Equations for Hydrogen and Deuterium in a Palladium-Silver Alloy

Mass transfer of a gas through a selective, solid membrane is an effective method for separation of desired species. This selective permeability is evident in the flow of hydrogen and the isotope deuterium through palladium-silver metal alloy media. In this study, based upon Sieverts’s law and the Arrhenius diffusion equation, an empirical correlation was developed to determine the steady-state permeation rate R, dependence on media temperature T, gas supply pressure p(sub S), and gas backpressure p(sub B) on the lower pressure side. Because of an extensive range of experimental conditions and complete reporting of raw data, the research by Ackerman and Koskinas was used as a source for data allowing empirical equation fitting. Unfortunately, those authors reported best-fit equations that poorly represented their own results. To improve the modeling of the original data and demonstrate the quality of the measurements, the current study develops improved hydrogen and deuterium permeation rate equations: P = 4.22×10(exp −6) A[exp(−704/T)](sq. root p(sub S) − sq. root p(sub B))/t for hydrogen P = 2.12×10(exp −6) A[exp(−468/T )](sq. root p(sub S) − sq. root p(sub B))/t for deuterium for values of cross-sectional area A (sq.cm), medium thickness t (cm), pressure p (psia), and temperature T (Kelvin), giving a permeation rate in mole/minute. These equations model permeation rate data more closely than do several other existing literature sources.

Smith, Phillip J.↗

Electrical resistivity of some palladium-silver alloys containing hydrogen at 4.2 K

The electrical resistivities of the alloys 90at.%Pd - 10at.%Ag, 80at.%Pd - 20at.%Ag, 70at.%Pd - 30at.%Ag, 60at.%Pd - 40at.%Ag, and 50at.%Pd - 50at.%Ag were measured as functions of absorbed hydrogen x at 4.2 K. These results show a minimum in the resistivity for all the alloys except 90Pd-10Ag; they show a maximum for all the alloys except for 50Pd-Ag. We associate the shapes of the plots with a modification of the Pd D-band because of the substitutional alloying of Ag and the interstitial absorption of hydrogen.

Smith, R. J.↗

Tensile properties of palladium-silver alloys with absorbed hydrogen

The alloys 90Pd-10Ag, 80Pd-20Ag, 70Pd-30Ag, 60Pd-40Ag, and 50Pd-50Ag containing absorbed hydrogen were tested in tension. The results show the tensile properties to be independent of the phase transition. Also, hydrogen in the lattice does not necessarily cause embrittlement or poor elongation. The changes in the tensile properties appear dependent on the electron to atom site ratio.

Smith, R. J.↗

Process for the production of star-tracking reticles

Reticles designed with quartz bases are masked with desired pattern and then are coated with highly adherent layers of chromium, chromium silver alloy, silver, copper, and black chromium (mixture of chromium and chromium oxides). Black chromium final layer produces required nonreflective surface.

Toft, A. R.↗

High temperature, low-cycle fatigue of copper-base alloys for rocket nozzles. Part 2: Strainrange partitioning and low-cycle fatigue results at 538 deg C

Low-cycle fatigue tests of 1/2 Hard AMZIRC Copper and NARloy Z were performed in argon at 538 C to determine partitioned strain range versus life relationships. Strain-controlled low-cycle fatigue tests of a Zr-Cr-Mg copper-base alloy were also performed. Strain ranges, lower than those employed in previous tests, were imposed in order to extend the fatigue life curve out to approximately 400,000 cycles. An experimental copper alloy and an experimental silver alloy were also studied. Tensile tests were performed in air at room temperature and in argon at 538 C. Strain-controlled low-cycle fatigue tests were performed at 538 C in argon to define the fatigue life over the regime from 300 to 3,000 cycles. For the silver alloy, three additional heat treatments were introduced, and a limited evaluation of the short-term tensile and low-cycle fatigue behavior at 538 C was performed.

Conway, J. B.↗

Formation of star tracking reticles

The present application is directed towards a process for producing high resolution, substantially non-reflective reticles or choppers suitable for use for transmitting in both the visible and near ultra-violet regions, able to withstand reasonable handling and extreme environmental conditions, and capable of operating at speeds of from 2800 to about 9000 revolutions per minute without distortion. In particular, the present invention is directed towards the production or reticles having a quartz base vacuum coated with chromium, chromium-silver alloy, and silver with electrodeposited copper and black chromium thereon, respectively, in the form of a reticle pattern. The quartz permits the transmission of light while the pattern is opaque to light. The reticles of the present invention are intended for use in optical trackers, such as star trackers used in outer space.

Smith, W. O.↗

The creep properties of dispersion-strengthened silver-gallium oxide alloys.

Steady-state creep rates were measured for two preparations of a dispersion-strengthened alloy of silver with 1 mol % gallium oxide. One preparation, an internally-oxidized type, had a grain size 40 times that of the other preparation, which was a consolidated-powder type of alloy. The temperature and stress dependence of the steady-state creep rate differs widely for the two alloys and must be attributed to the difference in grain size. The activation energy for steady-state creep of the internally-oxidized coarse grained material is near that for self-diffusion of silver, which strongly indicates a creep process controlled by dislocation climb.

Lenel, F. V.↗

Silver-base ternary alloy proves superior for slip ring lead wires

Slip ring lead wires composed of ternary alloys of silver, have high electrical conductivity, a tensile strength of at least 30,000 psi, high ductility, and are solderable and weldable. An unexpected advantage of these alloys is their resistance to discoloration on heating in air.

Ernst, R. H.↗