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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2010

Nuclear spins, magnetic moments, and quadrupole moments of Cu isotopes from N=28 to N=46: Probes for core polarization effects

Measurements of the ground-state nuclear spins and magnetic and quadrupole moments of the copper isotopes from {sup 61}Cu up to {sup 75}Cu are reported. The experiments were performed at the CERN online isotope mass separator (ISOLDE) facility, using the technique of collinear laser spectroscopy. The trend in the magnetic moments between the N=28 and N=50 shell closures is reasonably reproduced by large-scale shell-model calculations starting from a {sup 56}Ni core. The quadrupole moments reveal a strong polarization of the underlying Ni core when the neutron shell is opened, which is, however, strongly reduced at N=40 due to the parity change between the pf and g orbits. No enhanced core polarization is seen beyond N=40. Deviations between measured and calculated moments are attributed to the softness of the {sup 56}Ni core and weakening of the Z=28 and N=28 shell gaps.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Extracting the {Omega}{sup -} electric quadrupole moment from lattice QCD data

The {Omega}{sup -} has an extremely long lifetime, and is the most stable of the baryons with spin 3/2. Therefore the {Omega}{sup -} magnetic moment is very accurately known. Nevertheless, its electric quadrupole moment was never measured, although estimates exist in different formalisms. In principle, lattice QCD simulations provide at present the most appropriate way to estimate the {Omega}{sup -} form factors, as function of the square of the transferred four-momentum, Q{sup 2}, since it describes baryon systems at the physical mass for the strange quark. However, lattice QCD form factors, and in particular G{sub E2}, are determined at finite Q{sup 2} only, and the extraction of the electric quadrupole moment, Q{sub {Omega}}{sup -}=G{sub E2}(0)(e/2M{sub {Omega}}), involves an extrapolation of the numerical lattice results. In this work, we reproduce the lattice QCD data with a covariant spectator quark model for {Omega}{sup -} which includes a mixture of S and two D states for the relative quark-diquark motion. Once the model is calibrated, it is used to determine Q{sub {Omega}}{sup -}. Our prediction is Q{sub {Omega}}{sup -}=(0.96{+-}0.02)x10{sup -2} efm{sup 2}[G{sub E2}(0)=0.680{+-}0.012].

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Quadrupole moment measurements for strongly deformed bands in {sup 171,172}Hf

A lifetime experiment, using the Doppler-shift attenuation method, has been performed at Gammasphere to measure the transition quadrupole moments Q{sub t} of strongly deformed bands in {sup 171}Hf and {sup 172}Hf. The measured value of Q{sub t} {approx} 9.5 e b for the band labeled ED in {sup 171}Hf strongly supports the recent suggestion that this sequence and several structures with similar properties in neighboring Hf isotopes are associated with a near-prolate shape with a deformation enhanced relative to that of normal deformed structures. The measured values of Q{sub t} {approx} 14 e b for the bands labeled SD1 and SD3 in {sup 172}Hf confirm that these sequences are associated with a prolate superdeformed shape, a property inferred in earlier work from other measured characteristics of the bands. Similar bands in {sup 173-175}Hf are also likely to be associated with superdeformed shapes. The observations are in contrast to predictions of cranking calculations performed with the ultimate cranker code.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Gamma-ray timing of redback PSR J2339–0533: Hints for gravitational quadrupole moment changes

We present the results of precision gamma-ray timing measurements of the binary millisecond pulsar PSR J2339–0533, an irradiating system of the “redback” type, using data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope. We describe an optimized analysis method to determine a long-term phase-coherent timing solution spanning more than six years, including a measured eccentricity of the binary orbit and constraints on the proper motion of the system. A major result of this timing analysis is the discovery of an extreme variation of the nominal 4.6 hr orbital period P{sub orb} over time, showing alternating epochs of decrease and increase. We inferred a cyclic modulation of P{sub orb} with an approximate cycle duration of 4.2 yr and a modulation amplitude of ΔP{sub orb}/P{sub orb}=2.3×10{sup −7}. Considering different possible physical causes, the observed orbital-period modulation most likely results from a variable gravitational quadrupole moment of the companion star due to cyclic magnetic activity in its convective zone.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Ab initio estimation of E 2 strengths in Li 8 and its neighbors by normalization to the measured quadrupole moment

For electric quadrupole (E2) observables, which depend on the large-distance tails of the nuclear wave function, ab initio no-core configuration interaction (NCCI) calculations converge slowly, making meaningful predictions challenging to obtain. Nonetheless, the calculated values for different E2 matrix elements, particularly those involving levels with closely-related structure (e.g., within the same rotational band) are found to be robustly proportional. This observation suggests that a known value for one observable may be used to determine the overall scale of E2 strengths, and thereby provide predictions for others. In particular, we demonstrate that meaningful predictions for E2 transitions may be obtained by calibration to the ground-state quadrupole moment. Here, we test this approach for well-measured low-lying E2 transitions in 7 Li and 9 Be, then provide predictions for transitions in 8 Li and 9 Li. In particular, we address the 2 + → 1 + transition in 8 Li, for which the reported measured strength exceeds ab initio Green's function Monte Carlo (GFMC) predictions by over an order of magnitude.

6 ≤ A ≤ 19↗
DOE OSTI2015

Covariant spectator theory of np scattering: Deuteron quadrupole moment

The deuteron quadrupole moment is calculated using two CST model wave functions obtained from the 2007 high precision fits to np scattering data. Included in the calculation are a new class of isoscalar np interaction currents automatically generated by the nuclear force model used in these fits. The prediction for model WJC-1, with larger relativistic P-state components, is 2.5% smaller that the experiential result, in common with the inability of models prior to 2014 to predict this important quantity. However, model WJC-2, with very small P-state components, gives agreement to better than 1%, similar to the results obtained recently from X EFT predictions to order N 3 LO.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
NASA NTRS1974

Quadrupole moment of CO, N2, and NO/+/

Evaluation of quadrupole moments obtained for CO, N2, and NO(+) with multiconfiguration self-consistent-field wave functions chosen by the optimized valence configuration (OVC) approach of Wahl and Das (1972). The quadrupole moments thus obtained are compared with both experimental and Hartree-Fock values. The Hartree-Fock results are found to be not very accurate for N2, especially if vibrational averages over vibrational levels greater than 1 or 2 are to be taken. The agreement between the OVC quadrupole moment and the experimental values is found to be best for CO.

Billingsley, F. P., II↗
DOE OSTI2015

Aharonov–Anandan quantum phases and Landau quantization associated with a magnetic quadrupole moment

The arising of geometric quantum phases in the wave function of a moving particle possessing a magnetic quadrupole moment is investigated. It is shown that an Aharonov–Anandan quantum phase (Aharonov and Anandan, 1987) can be obtained in the quantum dynamics of a moving particle with a magnetic quadrupole moment. In particular, it is obtained as an analogue of the scalar Aharonov–Bohm effect for a neutral particle (Anandan, 1989). Besides, by confining the quantum particle to a hard-wall confining potential, the dependence of the energy levels on the geometric quantum phase is discussed and, as a consequence, persistent currents can arise from this dependence. Finally, an analogue of the Landau quantization is discussed. -- Highlights: •Scalar Aharonov–Bohm effect for a particle possessing a magnetic quadrupole moment. •Aharonov–Anandan quantum phase for a particle with a magnetic quadrupole moment. •Dependence of the energy levels on the Aharonov–Anandan quantum phase. •Landau quantization associated with a particle possessing a magnetic quadrupole moment.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Table of nuclear electric quadrupole moments

This Table is a compilation of experimental measurements of static electric quadrupole moments of ground states and excited states of atomic nuclei throughout the periodic table. To aid identification of the states, their excitation energy, half-life, spin and parity are given, along with a brief indication of the method and any reference standard used in the particular measurement. Experimental data from all quadrupole moment measurements actually provide a value of the product of the moment and the electric field gradient [EFG] acting at the nucleus. Knowledge of the EFG is thus necessary to extract the quadrupole moment. A single recommended moment value is given for each state, based, for each element, wherever possible, upon a standard reference moment for a nuclear state of that element studied in a situation in which the electric field gradient has been well calculated. For several elements one or more subsidiary EFG/moment reference is required and their use is specified. }The literature search covers the period to mid-2015.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Nuclear Magnetic Dipole and Electric Quadrupole Moments: Their Measurement and Tabulation as Accessible Data

The most recent tabulations of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments have been prepared and published by the Nuclear Data Section of the IAEA, Vienna [N. J. Stone, Report No. INDC(NDS)-0650 (2013); Report No. INDC(NDS)-0658 (2014)]. The first of these is a table of recommended quadrupole moments for all isotopes in which all experimental results are made consistent with a limited number of adopted standards for each element; the second is a combined listing of all measurements of both moments. Both tables cover all isotopes and energy levels. In this paper, the considerations relevant to the preparation of both tables are described, together with observations as to the importance and (where appropriate) application of necessary corrections to achieve the “best” values. Some discussion of experimental methods is included with emphasis on their precision. The aim of the published quadrupole moment table is to provide a standard reference in which the value given for each moment is the best available and for which full provenance is given. A table of recommended magnetic dipole moments is in preparation, with the same objective in view.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2011

On the correlation between the deuteron quadrupole moment, the deuteron asymptotic D/S ratio, and the S-wave normalization constant

The correlation between the deuteron quadrupole moment Q, the deuteron asymptotic D/S ratio {eta}, and the deuteron asymptotic normalization constant AS is studied. For local nucleon-nucleon potentials, it was found that the quantities Q/{eta} and A{sub S}{sup 2} are related by a linear equation. Owing to this, the deuteron quadrupole moment Q can be determined from known values of AS and {eta} with an absolute precision of about 0.0003 fm{sup 2}. The inclusion of the correction for meson-exchange currents and the use of the experimental neutron-proton phase shifts from the GWU partial-wave analysis made it possible to estimate the deuteron quadrupole moment at Q = 0.2852 fm{sup 2}, which is in good agreement with experimental data.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Simple correlations between electric quadrupole moments of atomic nuclei

Measurements of non-yrast electric quadrupole moments (i.e., diagonal E2 matrix elements) of atomic nuclei are becoming widely available from multiple-step Coulomb excitation. It is shown that, where quadrupole-moment data exist, $\langle 2_1^+ ||E2|| 2_1^+ \rangle+\langle 2_2^+ ||E2|| 2_2^+ \rangle\approx 0$ is observed across a wide range of masses and deformations. In addition, $\langle 4_1^+ ||E2|| 4_1^+ \rangle+\langle 4_2^+ ||E2|| 4_2^+ \rangle+\langle 4_3^+ ||E2|| 4_3^+ \rangle\approx 0$ is observed within two standard deviations for three of the four existing measurements. Rotor models appear to be sufficient in describing these trends.

Allmond, J. M.↗
DOE OSTI2011

Constraint on the quadrupole moment of super-massive black hole candidates from the estimate of the mean radiative efficiency of AGN

The supermassive objects at the center of many galaxies are commonly thought to be black holes. In 4-dimensional general relativity, a black hole is completely specified by its mass M and by its spin angular momentum J. All the higher multipole moments of the gravitational field depend in a very specific way on these two parameters. For instance, the mass quadrupole moment is Q=-J{sup 2}/M. If we can estimate M, J, and Q for the supermassive objects in galactic nuclei, we overconstrain the theory and we can test the black hole hypothesis. While there are many works studying how this can be done with future observations, in this paper a constraint on the quadrupole moment of these objects is obtained by using the current estimate of the mean radiative efficiency of AGN. In terms of the anomalous quadrupole moment q, the bound is -2.01<q<0.14.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Quantum aspects of a moving magnetic quadrupole moment interacting with an electric field

The quantum dynamics of a moving particle with a magnetic quadrupole moment that interacts with electric and magnetic fields is introduced. By dealing with the interaction between an electric field and the magnetic quadrupole moment, it is shown that an analogue of the Coulomb potential can be generated and bound state solutions can be obtained. Besides, the influence of the Coulomb-type potential on the harmonic oscillator is investigated, where bound state solutions to both repulsive and attractive Coulomb-type potentials are achieved and the arising of a quantum effect characterized by the dependence of the harmonic oscillator frequency on the quantum numbers of the system is discussed.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2023

Spectroscopic quadrupole moments in 124 $\mathrm{Xe}$

The Xe isotopic chain with four valence protons above the Z=50 shell closure is an ideal laboratory for the study of the evolution of nuclear deformation. At the N=82 shell closure, 136 Xe presents all characteristics of a doubly closed shell nucleus with a spherical shape. In the very neutron-deficient isotopes close to N=50, the α-decay chain of Xe was investigated to probe the radioactive decay properties near the drip-line and the magicity of 100 Sn. Additionally, the Xe isotopes present higher order symmetries in the nuclear deformation such as the octupole degree of freedom near N=60 and N=90 or O(6) symmetry in stable isotopes. The relevance of the O(6) symmetry has been investigated by measuring the spectroscopic quadrupole moment of the first excited states in 124 Xe. In the O(6) symmetry limit, the spectroscopic quadrupole moment of collective states is expected to be null. A stable 124 Xe beam with energies of 4.03A MeV and 4.11 A MeV was used to bombard a nat W target at the GANIL facility. Excited states were populated via the safe Coulomb excitation reaction. The collision of the heavy ions with a large Z at low energy make this reaction sensitive to the diagonal E2 matrix element of the excited states. The recoils were detected in the VAMOS++ magnetic spectrometer and the γ rays in the AGATA tracking array. The least squares fitting code gosia was used for the analysis to extract both E2 and M1 transitional and E2 diagonal matrix elements. The rotational ground state band was populated up to the 8$^{+}_{1}$ state as well as the 2$^{+}_{2}$ and 4$^{+}_{2}$ states. Using high precision spectroscopic data to constrain the gosia fit, the spectroscopic quadrupole moments of the 2$^{+}_{1}$, 4$^{+}_{1}$, and 6$^{+}_{1}$ states were determined for the first time. The spectroscopic quadrupole moments were found to be negative, large, and constant in the ground state band underlining the prolate axially deformed ground state band of 124 Xe. Here, the present experimental data confirm that the O(6) symmetry is substantially broken in 124 Xe .

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Quadrupole moments of some doubly-even molibden nuclei and the onset of collectivity

A good description of the quadrupole moments is obtained by investigating {sup 94,96,98,100,102,104,106,108}Mo isotopes in terms of the interacting boson model. After the positiveparity states and electromagnetic-transition rates B(E2) of even-mass Mo nuclei were calculated it was seen that there is a good agreement between the obtained results and some previous experimental data. At the end of the quadrupole moment calculations it was proved that the results agree well with the previous experimental data.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗