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DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on PbN6 by Materials Project

Pb(N3)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pna2_1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Pb2+ sites. In the first Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight N+0.33- atoms. There are a spread of Pb–N bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.97 Å. In the second Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight N+0.33- atoms. There are a spread of Pb–N bond distances ranging from 2.64–2.94 Å. In the third Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight N+0.33- atoms. There are a spread of Pb–N bond distances ranging from 2.58–2.95 Å. There are eighteen inequivalent N+0.33- sites. In the first N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two equivalent Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom. The N–N bond length is 1.19 Å. In the second N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom. The N–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the third N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom. The N–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the fourth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom. The N–N bond length is 1.19 Å. In the fifth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a linear geometry to two N+0.33- atoms. There is one shorter (1.18 Å) and one longer (1.20 Å) N–N bond length. In the sixth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom. The N–N bond length is 1.17 Å. In the seventh N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two equivalent Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom. In the eighth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a linear geometry to two N+0.33- atoms. Both N–N bond lengths are 1.19 Å. In the ninth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom. In the tenth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a linear geometry to two N+0.33- atoms. The N–N bond length is 1.20 Å. In the eleventh N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a linear geometry to two N+0.33- atoms. The N–N bond length is 1.18 Å. In the twelfth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom. In the thirteenth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two equivalent Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom. In the fourteenth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom. In the fifteenth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom. The N–N bond length is 1.20 Å. In the sixteenth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a linear geometry to two N+0.33- atoms. In the seventeenth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a linear geometry to two N+0.33- atoms. In the eighteenth N+0.33- site, N+0.33- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two equivalent Pb2+ and one N+0.33- atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

NASA NTRS1976

Explosive and pyrotechnic aging demonstration

The survivability was experimentally verified of fine selected explosive and pyrotechnic propellant materials when subjected to sterilization, and prolonged exposure to space environments. This verification included thermal characterization, sterilization heat cycling, sublimation measurements, isothermal decomposition measurements, and accelerated aging at a preselected elevated temperature. Temperatures chosen for sublimation and isothermal decomposition measurements were those in which the decomposition processess occurring would be the same as those taking place in real-time aging. The elevated temperature selected (84 C) for accelerated aging was based upon the parameters calculated from the kinetic data obtained in the isothermal measurement tests and was such that one month of accelerated aging in the laboratory approximated one year of real-time aging at 66 C. Results indicate that HNS-IIA, pure PbN6, KDNBF, and Zr/KC10 are capable of withstanding sterilization. The accelerated aging tests indicated that unsterilized HNS-IIA and Zr/KC104 can withstand the 10 year, elevated temperature exposure, pure PbN6 and KDNBF exhibit small weight losses (less than 2 percent) and B/KC104 exhibits significant changes in its thermal characteristics. Accelerated aging tests after sterilization indicated that only HNS-IIA exhibited high stability.

Rouch, L. L., Jr.↗

DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on FePb2(CN)6 by Materials Project

Pb2Fe(CN)6 crystallizes in the trigonal P-3 space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one iron molecule and one Pb(CN)3 sheet oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In the Pb(CN)3 sheet, Pb2+ is bonded to six equivalent N3- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing PbN6 octahedra. There are three shorter (2.47 Å) and three longer (2.88 Å) Pb–N bond lengths. C+1.83+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. N3- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two equivalent Pb2+ and one C+1.83+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

NASA NTRS1972

Appraisal of UTIAS implosion-driven hypervelocity launchers and shock tubes.

A critical appraisal is made of the design, research, development, and operation of the novel UTIAS implosion-driven hypervelocity launchers and shock tubes. Explosively driven (PbN6-lead azide, PETN-pentaerythritetetranitrate) implosions in detonating stoichiometric hydrogen-oxygen mixtures have been successfully developed as drivers for hypervelocity launchers and shock tubes in a safe and reusable facility. Intense loadings at very high calculated pressures, densities, and temperatures, at the implosion center, cause severe problems with projectile integrity. Misalignment of the focal point can occur and add to the difficulty in using small caliber projectiles. In addition, the extreme driving conditions cause barrel expansion, erosion, and possible gas leakage from the base to the head of the projectile which cut the predicted muzzle velocities to half or a third of the lossless calculated values. However, in the case of a shock-tube operation these difficulties are minimized or eliminated and the possibilities of approaching Jovian reentry velocities are encouraging.

Glass, I. I.↗