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NpAs is Tetraauricupride structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Np3+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent As3- atoms. All Np–As bond lengths are 3.03 Å. As3- is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Np3+ atoms.
NpAs is Halite, Rock Salt structured and crystallizes in the cubic Fm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Np3+ is bonded to six equivalent As3- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing NpAs6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. All Np–As bond lengths are 2.91 Å. As3- is bonded to six equivalent Np3+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing AsNp6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.
States are increasingly interested in gas distribution system planning and the role that demand-side resources can play in maintaining an affordable, reliable, equitable, and low-carbon energy system. In particular, public utility commissions and utilities are exploring the role of non-pipeline alternatives (NPA) – an investment or activity that defers, reduces, or avoids the need to construct or replace a pipeline – in gas distribution system planning. NPAs are an emerging cost and risk mitigation tool that can provide gas utilities with an opportunity to reduce emissions, gas system costs, and customer risk by avoiding unnecessary infrastructure spending. Rather than address system issues with more costly and long-lived traditional capital projects, utilities can leverage demand-side NPA resources such as energy efficiency and electrification as well as supply-side NPA resources to meet system needs. However, there is limited guidance on performing an NPA and even fewer lessons learned. To fill this gap, the U.S. Department of Energy funded two reports on NPAs. The first report is a literature review that focuses on four states' NPA policies. The second report offers a framework for evaluating NPAs that states can adapt to meet their policy needs.
SASPDF, a method for characterizing the structure of nanoparticle assemblies (NPAs), is presented. The method is an extension of the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis to the small-angle scattering (SAS) regime. The PDFgetS3 software package for computing the PDF from SAS data is also presented. An application of the SASPDF method to characterize structures of representative NPA samples with different levels of structural order is then demonstrated. The SASPDF method quantitatively yields information such as structure, disorder and crystallite sizes of ordered NPA samples. The method was also used to successfully model the data from a disordered NPA sample. The SASPDF method offers the possibility of more quantitative characterizations of NPA structures for a wide class of samples.
Since the last meeting in this conference series in Paris in 1981, there has been major progress in electron scattering at SLAC on several fronts. A new experiment on ep elastic scattering at large momentum transfer, Experiment El36, has recently completed data taking. A new measurement of deep inelastic electron scattering from nuclear targets, Experiment El39, has been completed and preliminary results are available. A new program of experiments has begun, called Nuclear Physics at SLAC (NPAS), that will use a new injector on the SLAC linac to provide high intensity beams in the energy range from 0.5 to 6 GeV.