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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

CIRCUMSOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION ON 2011 NOVEMBER 3

Late on 2011 November 3, STEREO-A, STEREO-B, MESSENGER, and near-Earth spacecraft observed an energetic particle flux enhancement. Based on the analysis of in situ plasma and particle observations, their correlation with remote sensing observations, and an interplanetary transport model, we conclude that the particle increases observed at multiple locations had a common single-source active region and the energetic particles filled a very broad region around the Sun. The active region was located at the solar backside (as seen from Earth) and was the source of a large flare, a fast and wide coronal mass ejection, and an EIT wave, accompanied by type II and type III radio emission. In contrast to previous solar energetic particle events showing broad longitudinal spread, this event showed clear particle anisotropies at three widely separated observation points at 1 AU, suggesting direct particle injection close to the magnetic footpoint of each spacecraft, lasting for several hours. We discuss these observations and the possible scenarios explaining the extremely broad particle spread for this event.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Summary of operations and performance of the Utica aquifer and North Lake Basin Wetlands restoration project in December 2010-November 2011

This document summarizes the performance of the groundwater restoration systems installed by the Commodity Credit Corporation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (CCC/USDA) at the former CCC/USDA grain storage facility in Utica, Nebraska, during the seventh year of system operation, from December 1, 2010, until November 30, 2011.

LaFreniere, L. M.↗
DOE OSTI2011

Access Framework: Model Text (November 2011): An Act to Establish a Framework for Development of Offshore Wind Power

The model offshore wind power legislation focused on two aspects: compensation for use of ocean space and environmental assessment. In particular, the model legislation recommends the adoption of a rent and royalty scheme that is premised on high rent and low royalties in order to stimulate qualified bids from developers who are motivated to begin production as early as possible and to discourage sham bidding. The model legislation also includes a provision that sets royalties at a lower rate in the early years of project operation, and that provides states with the discretion to waive or defer rent and/or royalties for a period of time to meet the goals and objectives of energy independence, job creation, reduced emissions of conventional pollutants and greenhouse gases and increased state requirements for electricity from renewable sources. The environmental impact assessment (EIA) is structured to provide a systematic and interdisciplinary evaluation of the potential positive and negative life-cycle effects of a proposed offshore wind project on the physical, biological, cultural and socio-economic attributes of the project.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2011

DOE 2010 Occupational Radiation Exposure November 2011

This report discusses radiation protection and dose reporting requirements, presents the 2010 occupational radiation dose data trended over the past 5 years, and includes instructions to submit successful ALARA projects.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗
DOE OSTI2011

Electrical Power Engineering Academic Landscape (November 2011)

University Outreach Initiative Overview The GridWise ® Architecture Council (GWAC) is a team of experts with diverse, relevant industry backgrounds that has documented the guiding principles for the architecture and interoperability of a future, intelligent, transactive, energy system. One of GWAC’s goals includes sharing information about their work broadly with industry and other communities that have a need to understand smart grid architecture and interoperability. The concept of a University Outreach Initiative was developed in the spring of 2011 as a set of market research and outreach activities. These activities were developed to identify opportunities for the dissemination of information about GWAC to academic and workforce development communities. Grant recipients of the Smart Grid Workforce Training Program, funded through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), were identified as initial outreach recipients. This community consists of academic and workforce program managers involved in the development of electrical power engineering or other closely related smart grid technology and business programs at two and four-year institutions, via private sector curriculum development companies, and governmental or collaborate workforce development agencies. The Outreach Initiative started with the development of the Landscape Database and Contact Directory. These documents provide descriptive project and contact information for the Smart Grid Workforce Training Program recipients. Contact information was gathered through telephone calls and Internet research. Contacts identified by telephone were introduced in conversation to the project and were asked if they wished to participate. Their knowledge of GWAC was assessed. Contacts we could not reach by phone received introductory emails explaining the Outreach Initiative and providing links to important GWAC documents for background. A survey to identify contact interest in the initiative was circulated to all contacts several weeks later.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2013

Participant Assisted Data Collection Methods in the California Healthy Homes Indoor Air Quality Study of 2011-13

From November 2011 to March 2013, air quality was measured over 6-day periods in 324 residences across California using a mail-out strategy. All interactions with study participants, from recruitment, to data collection, to communication of results, were conducted with remote communication methods including conventional mail, electronic mail, telephone and text messaging. Potential participants were reached primarily by sharing study information with community groups and organizations that directed interested individuals to complete an online screening survey. Pollutant concentrations were measured with sampling equipment that was mailed to participants’ homes with deployment instructions. Residence and household characteristics and activity data were collected via two phone surveys and an activity log. A comparison of responses to survey questions completed online versus over the phone indicated that a substantial fraction of participants (roughly 20%) required a researcher’s assistance to respond to basic questions about appliance characteristics. Using the printed instructions and telephone assistance from researchers, roughly 90% of participants successfully deployed and returned sampling materials accurately and on schedule. The mail-out strategy employed in this study was found to be a cost-effective means for collecting residential air quality data.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2013

Participant Assisted Data Collection Methods in the California Healthy Homes Indoor Air Quality Study of 2011-13

From November 2011 to March 2013, air quality was measured over 6-day periods in 324 residences across California using a mail-out strategy. All interactions with study participants, from recruitment, to data collection, to communication of results, were conducted with remote communication methods including conventional mail, electronic mail, telephone and text messaging. Potential participants were reached primarily by sharing study information with community groups and organizations that directed interested individuals to complete an online screening survey. Pollutant concentrations were measured with sampling equipment that was mailed to participants' homes with deployment instructions. Residence and household characteristics and activity data were collected via two phone surveys and an activity log. A comparison of responses to survey questions completed online versus over the phone indicated that a substantial fraction of participants (roughly 20%) required a researcher's assistance to respond to basic questions about appliance characteristics. Using the printed instructions and telephone assistance from researchers, roughly 90% of participants successfully deployed and returned sampling materials accurately and on schedule. The mail-out strategy employed in this study was found to be a cost-effective means for collecting residential air quality data.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2012

MULTIWAVELENGTH VARIATIONS OF 3C 454.3 DURING THE 2010 NOVEMBER TO 2011 JANUARY OUTBURST

We present multiwavelength data of the blazar 3C 454.3 obtained during an extremely bright outburst from 2010 November through 2011 January. These include flux density measurements with the Herschel Space Observatory at five submillimeter-wave and far-infrared bands, the Fermi Large Area Telescope at {gamma}-ray energies, Swift at X-ray, ultraviolet (UV), and optical frequencies, and the Submillimeter Array at 1.3 mm. From this data set, we form a series of 52 spectral energy distributions (SEDs) spanning nearly two months that are unprecedented in time coverage and breadth of frequency. Discrete correlation analysis of the millimeter, far-infrared, and {gamma}-ray light curves show that the variations were essentially simultaneous, indicative of cospatiality of the emission, at these wavebands. In contrast, differences in short-term fluctuations at various wavelengths imply the presence of inhomogeneities in physical conditions across the source. We locate the site of the outburst in the parsec-scale 'core', whose flux density as measured on 7 mm Very Long Baseline Array images increased by 70% during the first five weeks of the outburst. Based on these considerations and guided by the SEDs, we propose a model in which turbulent plasma crosses a conical standing shock in the parsec-scale region of the jet. Here, the high-energy emission in the model is produced by inverse Compton scattering of seed photons supplied by either nonthermal radiation from a Mach disk, thermal emission from hot dust, or (for X-rays) synchrotron radiation from plasma that crosses the standing shock. For the two dates on which we fitted the model SED to the data, the model corresponds very well to the observations at all bands except at X-ray energies, where the spectrum is flatter than observed.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

"Impact of Thin Film Coatings on the Performance of Highly Energy-Efficient Windows", 2011 Technical Conference Proceedings, Symposium on Coating Advances and Impact on the Future of Vacuum Coating Industry (November 16, 2011)

Low-emissivity coatings are a well-established approach to improve the energy efficiency of modern windows. Prior to the emergence of low-e coatings, calculated window performance was dominated by "Center of Glass" performance (low-e coating, cavity design). The impact of the window edge (spacer, frame) increases with current simulation procedures, particularly for smaller windows in residential applications. Weighted averaging incorporating frames, edge of glass and center of glass alters the performance contribution of low-e coatings in the system. Thermal modeling allows effective simulation of the thermal performance of these increasingly complex window systems. This paper examines the contribution of modern low-e coatings to the overall thermal performance of a window designed for cold-climate use in the context of upcoming energy efficiency regulation and cost efficiency. Such windows will require multi-cavity glazing systems with low-e coatings at each cavity. Edge-of-glass and window frame zones cause higher thermal losses than the glazing unit, and thus the best-performing design options must be integrated. Glazing units that maintain neutral color are desirable but can not be achieved with current low-e coatings.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2012

Disposal Process for High Activity Sources by a University through the U.S. Dept. of Energy's Off-Site Source Recovery Project - 12076

Sealed radioactive sources are used in a wide variety of applications by a large number of license holders in the Unites States. Applications range from low-activity calibration sources to high-activity irradiators for engineering, research, or medical purposes. This paper describes and evaluates the safety and security measures in place for disused sealed sources, in particular of high activity sealed sources at the end of their operational life-time. The technical, radiation protection, and financial challenges for licensees and the Competent Authorities are reviewed from the point of view of the license holder. As an example, the waste management processes and the chain of custody for disused research irradiator sources are followed from extraction from the irradiator facility to the source disposal or recycling contractor. Possible safety and security concern in the waste disposal process are investigated in order to identify improvement potential for radiation protection or source security. Two shipments of disused sealed sources from Colorado State University (CSU) have been conducted through the CSU Radiation Control Office (RCO) in the last two years, with a third shipment expected to be completed by the end of November 2011. Two of the sources shipped are considered 'high' activity and exceed the U.S. NRC limits requiring increased controls for security purposes. Three sources were shipped in 2009 and ten more are expected in 2011. A total activity of 117.3 GBq was shipped in 2009. Nine sources were recently shipped in October 2011 through a third party waste broker where the total activity was 96.34 GBq. The last source is scheduled for shipment no later than 30 November 2011 and contains an activity of 399.96 GBq. Radiation waste disposal of high activity sources in large shields with unknown manufacturers, serial numbers, or model numbers is an arduous process requiring multiple contacts with various state and federal agencies. DOE's OSRP has made it possible for CSU to dispose of older unused sources in an economically viable way. Disposal of multiple sources all at once was not an option prior to the establishment of the SCATR program. While CSU was able to dispose of sealed sources when funds were available, the cost to the University would have been prohibitive for this type of mass removal and disposal of radiation sources initiated within this initiative. Where we estimate a cost of about $130 k to ship these sources otherwise, CSU's contribution of $21 k realized a significant savings in what would have been an impossible disposal cost. Removing unused radiation sources from CSU has realized a cost savings while removing a potential security threat. (authors)

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
DOE OSTI2012

Comparison of Two High-Performance Energy Efficient Homes: Annual Performance Report, December 1, 2010–November 30, 2011

Beginning in 2008, two pairs of energy-saver houses were built at Wolf Creek in Oak Ridge, TN. These houses were designed to maximize energy efficiency using new ultra-high-efficiency components emerging from ORNL s Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) partners and others. The first two houses contained 3713 square feet of conditioned area and were designated as WC1 and WC2; the second pair consisted of 2721 square feet conditioned area with crawlspace foundation and they re called WC3 and WC4. This report is focused on the annual energy performance of WC3 and WC4, and how they compare against a previously benchmarked maximum energy efficient house of a similar footprint. WC3 and WC4 are both about 55-60% more efficient than traditional new construction. Each house showcases a different envelope system: WC3 is built with advanced framing featured cellulose insulation partially mixed with phase change materials (PCM); and WC4 house has cladding composed of an exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS). The previously benchmarked house was one of three built at the Campbell Creek subdivision in Knoxville, TN. This house (CC3) was designed as a transformation of a builder house (CC1) with the most advanced energy-efficiency features, including solar electricity and hot water, which market conditions are likely to permit within the 2012 2015 period. The builder house itself was representative of a standard, IECC 2006 code-certified, all-electric house built by the builder to sell around 2005 2008.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2013

Radiological Monitoring Results for Groundwater Samples Associated with the Industrial Wastewater Reuse Permit for the Materials and Fuels Complex Industrial Waste Ditch and Pond: November 1, 2011-October 31, 2012

This report summarizes radiological monitoring performed on samples from specific groundwater monitoring wells associated with the Industrial Wastewater Reuse Permit for the Materials and Fuels Complex Industrial Waste Ditch and Industrial Waste Pond WRU-I-0160-01, Modification 1 (formerly LA-000160-01). The radiological monitoring was performed to fulfill Department of Energy requirements under the Atomic Energy Act.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗