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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ni(ClO)2 by Materials Project

Ni(OCl)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of two Ni(OCl)2 ribbons oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. Ni is bonded to two equivalent O and four Cl atoms to form distorted edge-sharing NiCl4O2 octahedra. Both Ni–O bond lengths are 1.78 Å. There are two shorter (2.31 Å) and two longer (2.38 Å) Ni–Cl bond lengths. O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Ni atom. There are two inequivalent Cl sites. In the first Cl site, Cl is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Ni atoms. In the second Cl site, Cl is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Ni atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ni(ClO)2 by Materials Project

NiCl2O2 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of four hydrogen peroxide molecules and two NiCl2 ribbons oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. In each NiCl2 ribbon, Ni is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four Cl atoms. All Ni–Cl bond lengths are 2.33 Å. There are two inequivalent Cl sites. In the first Cl site, Cl is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Ni atoms. In the second Cl site, Cl is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Ni atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Reactivity and Mechanisms of Photoactivated Heterometallic [Ru II Ni II ] and [Ru II Ni II Ru II ] Catalysts for Dihydrogen Generation from Water

Abstract Two heterometallic photocatalysts were designed and probed for water reduction. Both [(bpy) 2 Ru II Ni II (L 1 )](ClO 4 ) 2 ( 1 ) and [(bpy) 2 Ru II Ni II (L 2 ) 2 Ru II (bpy) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 2 ( 2 ) can generate the low‐valent precursor involved in hydride formation prior to dihydrogen generation. However, while the bimetallic [Ru II Ni II ] ( 1 ) requires the presence of an external photosensitizer to trigger catalytic activity, the trimetallic [Ru II Ni II Ru II ] ( 2 ) displays significant coupling between the catalytic and light‐harvesting units to promote intramolecular multielectron transfer and perform photocatalysis at the Ni center. A concerted experimental and theoretical effort proposes mechanisms to explain why 1 is unable to achieve self‐supported catalysis, while 2 is fully photocatalytic.

El Harakeh, Nour↗
DOE OSTI2020

Correlating Mechanical Sensitivity with Spin Transition in the Explosive Spin Crossover Complex [Fe(Htrz) 3 ] n [ClO 4 ] 2 n

Spin crossover complexes are known to undergo bond length, volume, and enthalpy changes during spin transition. In an explosive spin crossover complex, these changes could affect the mechanical and initiation sensitivity of the explosive and lead to the development of a new class of sensitivity switchable materials. To explore this relationship, the well-known spin crossover compound [Fe(Htrz) 3 ] n [ClO 4 ] 2n (1) was re-evaluated for its explosive properties, and its mechanical impact sensitivity was correlated to spin transition. A variable temperature impact test was developed and used to evaluate the impact sensitivity of 1 in the low spin (LS, S = 0), thermally accessed high spin (HS, S = 2), and mixed LS and HS states. For comparison, the structurally similar Ni compound, [Ni(Htrz) 3 ] n [ClO 4 ] 2n (2), which does not undergo a spin transition at accessible temperatures, was synthesized and characterized, and its explosive properties and variable temperature impact sensitivity measured. These results reveal a correlation between impact sensitivity and spin transition, where 1 exhibits lower impact sensitivity in the LS state and increases in sensitivity upon transition to the HS state. Here, density functional theory was used to predict structural changes that occur upon spin transition that correlate to the change in sensitivity. This demonstrates, for the first time, an explosive spin crossover compound (ExSCO) that exhibits switchable impact sensitivity with a fully reversible internal switching mechanism.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on NiH5CN(ClO)2 by Materials Project

NiCH(OCl)2NH4 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of four ammonium molecules and two NiCH(OCl)2 ribbons oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In each NiCH(OCl)2 ribbon, Ni2+ is bonded to two equivalent O2- and four equivalent Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing NiCl4O2 octahedra. Both Ni–O bond lengths are 2.07 Å. All Ni–Cl bond lengths are 2.44 Å. C2+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to one H1+ and two equivalent O2- atoms. The C–H bond length is 1.10 Å. Both C–O bond lengths are 1.27 Å. H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C2+ atom. O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Ni2+ and one C2+ atom. Cl1- is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Ni2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Distinct Bimetallic Cooperativity Among Water Reduction Catalysts Containing [Co III Co III ], [Ni II Ni II ], and [Zn II Zn II ] Cores

We report three binuclear species [LCo III 2 (μ-Pz) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 3 (1), [LNi II 2 (CH 3 OH) 2 Cl 2 ]ClO 4 (2), and [LZn II 2 Cl 2 ]PF 6 (3) supported by the deprotonated form of the ligand 2,6-bis[bis(2-pyridylmethyl) amino-methyl]-4-methylphenol were synthesized, structurally characterized as solids and in solution, and had their electrochemical and spectroscopic behavior established. Species 1–3 had their water reduction ability studied aiming to interrogate the possible cooperative catalytic activity between two neighboring metal centers. Species 1 and 2 reduced H 2 O to H 2 effectively at an applied potential of -1.6 V Ag/AgCl , yielding turnover numbers of 2,820 and 2,290, respectively, after 30 minutes. Species 3 lacked activity and was used as a negative control to eliminate the possibility of ligand-based catalysis. Pre- and post-catalytic data gave evidence of the molecular nature of the process within the timeframe of the experiments. Species 1 showed structural, rather than electronic cooperativity, while species 2 displayed no obvious cooperativity. DFT methods complemented the experimental results determining plausible mechanisms.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on NiSn(ClO)6 by Materials Project

NiSn(OCl3)2(O2)2 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of two hydrogen peroxide molecules and one NiSn(OCl3)2 ribbon oriented in the (1, 0, 0) direction. In the NiSn(OCl3)2 ribbon, Ni is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to two equivalent O and two equivalent Cl atoms. Both Ni–O bond lengths are 1.97 Å. Both Ni–Cl bond lengths are 2.35 Å. Sn is bonded in an octahedral geometry to two equivalent O and four Cl atoms. Both Sn–O bond lengths are 2.18 Å. There are two shorter (2.38 Å) and two longer (2.54 Å) Sn–Cl bond lengths. O is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to one Ni, one Sn, and one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.69 Å. There are three inequivalent Cl sites. In the first Cl site, Cl is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to one Ni and one Sn atom. In the second Cl site, Cl is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O atom. In the third Cl site, Cl is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sn atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cd4NiH20(ClO)10 by Materials Project

NiCd4H16(O4Cl5)2(H2O)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of four water molecules and two NiCd4H16(O4Cl5)2 sheets oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. In each NiCd4H16(O4Cl5)2 sheet, Ni2+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six O2- atoms. There are four shorter (2.07 Å) and two longer (2.11 Å) Ni–O bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Cd2+ sites. In the first Cd2+ site, Cd2+ is bonded to six Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing CdCl6 octahedra. There are a spread of Cd–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.58–2.71 Å. In the second Cd2+ site, Cd2+ is bonded to one O2- and five Cl1- atoms to form edge-sharing CdCl5O octahedra. The Cd–O bond length is 2.41 Å. There are a spread of Cd–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.83 Å. There are eight inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the fourth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the fifth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the sixth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- and one Cl1- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. The H–Cl bond length is 2.11 Å. In the seventh H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the eighth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 1.00 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Cd2+ and two H1+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Ni2+ and two H1+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Ni2+ and two H1+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Ni2+ and two H1+ atoms. There are five inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Cd2+ and one H1+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Cd2+ atoms. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Cd2+ atoms. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a water-like geometry to two Cd2+ atoms. In the fifth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two Cd2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗