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Materials Data on Na2FePO4F by Materials Project

Na2FePO4F crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbcn space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Na1+ sites. In the first Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four O2- and two F1- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.39–2.49 Å. There are one shorter (2.38 Å) and one longer (2.55 Å) Na–F bond lengths. In the second Na1+ site, Na1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to five O2- and two F1- atoms. There are a spread of Na–O bond distances ranging from 2.32–2.84 Å. There are one shorter (2.36 Å) and one longer (2.44 Å) Na–F bond lengths. Fe2+ is bonded to four O2- and two F1- atoms to form distorted FeO4F2 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one FeO4F2 octahedra, corners with four equivalent PO4 tetrahedra, and a faceface with one FeO4F2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 74°. There are a spread of Fe–O bond distances ranging from 2.07–2.21 Å. There are one shorter (2.13 Å) and one longer (2.20 Å) Fe–F bond lengths. P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four equivalent FeO4F2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 40–53°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.54–1.58 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Na1+, one Fe2+, and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Na1+ and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Na1+, one Fe2+, and one P5+ atom to form distorted ONa2FeP tetrahedra that share corners with six FNa4Fe2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 6–70°. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to one Na1+, two equivalent Fe2+, and one P5+ atom. There are two inequivalent F1- sites. In the first F1- site, F1- is bonded to four Na1+ and two equivalent Fe2+ atoms to form FNa4Fe2 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ONa2FeP tetrahedra and faces with two equivalent FNa4Fe2 octahedra. In the second F1- site, F1- is bonded to four Na1+ and two equivalent Fe2+ atoms to form distorted FNa4Fe2 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ONa2FeP tetrahedra and faces with two equivalent FNa4Fe2 octahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Vanadium-enhanced Na 2 FePO 4 F cathodes for high-performance sodium-ion batteries

Sodium fluorophosphate Na 2 FePO 4 F holds great potential for sodium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity, excellent structural stability, abundant resources, and affordability. However, its poor electronic and ionic conductivities limit its practical applications. Therefore, ion doping and carbon coating have been employed as synergistic strategies in this study to overcome these limitations. A one-step, energy-efficient solid-state method using sucrose as a carbon coating source was used to synthesize Na 2 FePO 4 F/C (NFPF/C) and its doped variant, Na 2 Fe 0.85 V 0.1 PO 4 F/C (NFVPF/C). 23 Na-MAS-NMR spectra confirm the existence of two distinct sites for sodium (Na1/Na2). The ex-situ 23 Na-MAS-NMR performed at different states-of-charge reveals the activity of only one sodium. The scanning electron microscopy findings reveal a reduction in the particle size with V-introduction, enhancing the energetic performances. NFVPF/C delivers higher specific capacity of 122 mAh g −1 compared to 116 mAh g −1 for NFPF/C at 0.1C. It also demonstrates improved cycling stability, retaining 81 % of its initial capacity after 120 cycles, in contrast to 46 % for the pristine material. The doped phase outperforms the pristine at higher current rates, delivering specific capacities of 81 and 55 mAh g −1 at 2C and 3C, respectively, compared to 35 and 17 mAh g −1 for NFPF/C.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗