Federal Fleet Files, FEMP, Vol. 2, No. 9 - July 2010
July 2010 update from the FEMP Federal Fleet Program that outlines vehicle, alternative fuel, infrastructure, and management strategy updates to Federal agencies.
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Federal Fleet Files, FEMP, Vol. 2, No. 9 - July 2010 (Fact Sheet)
July 2010 update from the FEMP Federal Fleet Program that outlines vehicle, alternative fuel, infrastructure, and management strategy updates to Federal agencies.
29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF THE 2010 JULY 11 ECLIPSE WHITE-LIGHT CORONA
The white-light corona (WLC) during the total solar eclipse on 2010 July 11 was observed by several teams in the Moon's shadow stretching across the Pacific Ocean and a number of isolated islands. We present a comparison of the WLC as observed by eclipse teams located on the Tatakoto Atoll in French Polynesia and on Easter Island, 83 minutes later, combined with near-simultaneous space observations. The eclipse was observed at the beginning of the solar cycle, not long after solar minimum. Nevertheless, the solar corona shows a plethora of different features (coronal holes, helmet streamers, polar rays, very faint loops and radial-oriented thin streamers, a coronal mass ejection, and a puzzling 'curtain-like' object above the north pole). Comparing the observations from the two sites enables us to detect some dynamic phenomena. The eclipse observations are further compared with a hairy-ball model of the magnetic field and near-simultaneous images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory, the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager on NASA's Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory, the Sun Watcher, using Active Pixel System Detector and Image Processing on ESA's PRoject for Onboard Autonomy, and the Naval Research Laboratory's Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph on ESA's Solar and Heliospheric Observatory. The Ludendorff flattening coefficient is 0.156, matching the expected ellipticity of coronal isophotes at 2 Rs{sub un}, for this rising phase of the solar-activity cycle.
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
The first gamma-ray outburst of a narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy: The case of PMN J0948+0022 in 2010 July
We report on a multiwavelength campaign for the radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxy PMN J0948+0022 (z= 0.5846) performed in 2010 July–September and triggered by a high-energy γ-ray outburst observed by the Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope . The peak flux in the 0.1–100 GeV energy band exceeded, for the first time in this type of source, the value of ~10–6 photon cm–2 s–1, corresponding to an observed luminosity of ~1048 erg s–1. Although the source was too close to the Sun position to organize a densely sampled follow-up, it was possible to gather some multiwavelength data that confirmed the state of high activity across the sampled electromagnetic spectrum. Furthermore, the comparison of the spectral energy distribution of the NLS1 PMN J0948+0022 with that of a typical blazar – such as 3C 273 – shows that the power emitted at γ-rays is extreme.
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
THERMODYNAMICS OF THE SOLAR CORONA AND EVOLUTION OF THE SOLAR MAGNETIC FIELD AS INFERRED FROM THE TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE OBSERVATIONS OF 2010 JULY 11
We report on the first multi-wavelength coronal observations, taken simultaneously in white light, H{alpha} 656.3 nm, Fe IX 435.9 nm, Fe X 637.4 nm, Fe XI 789.2 nm, Fe XIII 1074.7 nm, Fe XIV 530.3 nm, and Ni XV 670.2 nm, during the total solar eclipse of 2010 July 11 from the atoll of Tatakoto in French Polynesia. The data enabled temperature differentiations as low as 0.2 x 10{sup 6} K. The first-ever images of the corona in Fe IX and Ni XV showed that there was very little plasma below 5 x 10{sup 5} K and above 2.5 x 10{sup 6} K. The suite of multi-wavelength observations also showed that open field lines have an electron temperature near 1x 10{sup 6} K, while the hottest, 2x 10{sup 6} K, plasma resides in intricate loops forming the bulges of streamers, also known as cavities, as discovered in our previous eclipse observations. The eclipse images also revealed unusual coronal structures, in the form of ripples and streaks, produced by the passage of coronal mass ejections and eruptive prominences prior to totality, which could be identified with distinct temperatures for the first time. These trails were most prominent at 10{sup 6} K. Simultaneous Fe X 17.4 nm observations from Proba2/SWAP provided the first opportunity to compare Fe X emission at 637.4 nm with its extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) counterpart. This comparison demonstrated the unique diagnostic capabilities of the coronal forbidden lines for exploring the evolution of the coronal magnetic field and the thermodynamics of the coronal plasma, in comparison with their EUV counterparts in the distance range of 1-3 R{sub sun}. These diagnostics are currently missing from present space-borne and ground-based observatories.
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
Vegetation and Wildlife Surveys at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Wind Technology Center: July 2010-May 2011
This year-long wildlife and vegetation study was conducted to update the National Wind Technology Center (NWTC) vegetation and wildlife baseline conditions. These updated baseline conditions will be used to support future National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) analyses. NWTC is a laboratory center of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. The current effort involved conducting four seasons of vegetation and wildlife surveys beginning in July 2010 and ending in May 2011. This report presents the results of these surveys. Concurrent avian monitoring studies by Tetra Tech, Inc. were conducted beginning January 2010 to September 2011. The results of these surveys are presented in a separate report. Prior to the current study, Plantae (2000) completed a site characterization of vegetation communities and noxious weeds, Monahan (1996) conducted a raptor study, and Schmidt et al. (2003) conducted a bird and bat use and fatality study. More recently, Walsh conducted a bat study in 2010.
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
Bat Acoustical Surveys at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Wind Technology Center: July 2010-November 2010
An acoustical bat use survey was conducted at the NWTC from July 6, 2010 to November 7, 2010, using a passive acoustical method with AnaBat Systems Bat Detectors (Titley Electronics). The purpose of this survey was to obtain information about use by bats within the Project area. All data were collected from one bat detector. Bat activity was determined by the number of bat passes (number of echolocation calls recorded with = 2 chirps) per detector night. Species composition, temporal distribution (by month), and peak activity levels were analyzed. A total of 12,425 bat passes was recorded during the survey period for an index of activity of 99.40 bat passes per detector night. Of the 12,425 total bat passes, 8,772 passes could be identified to species (70.18 identified bat passes per detector night). Species identified included big brown bat, eastern red bat, fringed myotis, hoary bat, silver-haired bat, and Myotis bat group (which may include western small-footed myotis, western long-eared myotis, little brown myotis, and long-legged myotis). Most bats were detected in July (3,952 total bat passes) and August (5,058 total bat passes). The Myotis bat group was most the most frequently detected (4,373 identified bat passes). There were no peaks of activity during the monitoring period, but rather constant fluctuation. No Federally- or state-listed threatened, endangered, or candidate species or species of special concern were identified during surveys.
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
Preliminary Public Design Report for the Texas Clean Energy Project: Topical Report - Phase 1, June 2010-July 2011
Summit Texas Clean Energy, LLC (Summit) is developing the Texas Clean Energy Project (TCEP or the project) to be located near Penwell, Texas. The TCEP will include an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plant with a nameplate capacity of 400 megawatts electric (MWe), combined with the production of urea fertilizer and the capture, utilization and storage of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) sold commercially for regional use in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in the Permian Basin of west Texas. The TCEP will utilize coal gasification technology to convert Powder River Basin sub-bituminous coal delivered by rail from Wyoming into a synthetic gas (syngas) which will be cleaned and further treated so that at least 90 percent of the overall carbon entering the facility will be captured. The clean syngas will then be divided into two high-hydrogen (H 2 ) concentration streams, one of which will be combusted as a fuel in a combined cycle power block for power generation and the other converted into urea fertilizer for commercial sale. The captured CO 2 will be divided into two streams: one will be used in producing the urea fertilizer and the other will be compressed for transport by pipeline for offsite use in EOR. The TCEP was selected by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy (FE) for cost-shared co-funded financial assistance under Round 3 of its Clean Coal Power Initiative (CCPI). A portion of this financial assistance was budgeted and provided for initial development, permitting and design activities. Front-end Engineering and Design (FEED) commenced in June 2010 and was completed in July 2011, setting the design basis for entering into the detailed engineering phase of the project. During Phase 1, TCEP conducted and completed the FEED, applied for and received its air construction permit, provided engineering and other technical information required for development of the draft Environmental Impact Statement, and completed contracts for the sale of all of the urea and most of the CO 2 . Significant progress was made on the contracts for the purchase of coal feedstock from Cloud Peak Energy’s Cordero Rojo mine and the sale of electricity to CPS Energy, as well as a memorandum of understanding with the Union Pacific Railroad (UPRR) for delivery of the coal to the TCEP site.
Mattes, Karl↗
Learning Demonstration Interim Progress Report -- July 2010
This report discusses key results based on data through December 2009 from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Validation and Demonstration Project, also referred to as the National Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) Learning Demonstration. The report serves to help transfer knowledge and lessons learned within various parts of DOE's hydrogen program, as well as externally to other stakeholders. It is the fourth such report in a series, with previous reports being published in July 2007, November 2007, and April 2008.
08 HYDROGEN↗
Searching the Allais effect during the total sun eclipse of 11 July 2010
I have measured the precession change of the oscillation plane with an automated Foucault pendulum and found no evidence (within the measurement error) of the Allais effect. The precession speed was registered and, due the variations involved, if the precession speed would changed 0.3 degree per hour (increasing or decreasing the angle of the normal precession speed) during the all eclipse, it would be notice in this measurement.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Deep Burn Develpment of Transuranic Fuel for High-Temperature Helium-Cooled Reactors - July 2010
The DB Program Quarterly Progress Report for April - June 2010, ORNL/TM/2010/140, was distributed to program participants on August 4. This report discusses the following: (1) TRU (transuranic elements) HTR (high temperature helium-cooled reactor) Fuel Modeling - (a) Thermochemical Modeling, (b) 5.3 Radiation Damage and Properties; (2) TRU HTR Fuel Qualification - (a) TRU Kernel Development, (b) Coating Development, (c) ZrC Properties and Handbook; and (3) HTR Fuel Recycle - (a) Recycle Processes, (b) Graphite Recycle, (c) Pyrochemical Reprocessing - METROX (metal recovery from oxide fuel) Process Development.
Snead, Lance Lewis↗
Statistical Analysis of the Phase 3 Emissions Data Collected in the EPAct/V2/E89 Program: January 7, 2010 - July 6, 2012
Phase 3 of the EPAct/V2/E-89 Program investigated the effects of 27 program fuels and 15 program vehicles on exhaust emissions and fuel economy. All vehicles were tested over the California Unified Driving Cycle (LA-92) at 75 degrees F. The program fuels differed on T50, T90, ethanol, Reid vapor pressure, and aromatics. The vehicles tested were new, low-mileage 2008 model year Tier 2 vehicles. A total of 956 test runs were made. Comprehensive statistical modeling and analyses were conducted on methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, fuel economy, non-methane hydrocarbons, non-methane organic gases, oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter, and total hydrocarbons. In general, model fits determined that emissions and fuel economy were complicated by functions of the five fuel parameters. An extensive evaluation of alternative model fits produced a number of competing model fits. Many of these alternative fits produce similar estimates of mean emissions for the 27 program fuels but should be carefully evaluated for use with emerging fuels with combinations of fuel parameters not included here. The program includes detailed databases on each of the 27 program fuels on each of the 15 vehicles and on each of the vehicles on each of the program fuels.
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
Study of Chemical Changes in Uranium Oxyfluoride Particles Progress Report November 2009 - July 2010
This report summarizes our most recent findings obtained by NanoSIMS and MRS analysis. It also includes a summary of the 1-week visit of Dr. Elzbieta Stefaniak (IRMM) to LLNL as part of the Action Sheet agreement between EC-JRC-IRMM and DOE/LLNL. Additional spectroscopic and mass spectrometric measurements were carried out at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, but are not included in this summary. It should also be noted that we have no evidence that fugitive emissions from a uranium enrichment facility would, or would not, appear similar to the analyzed samples.
38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
July 2010 Natural Gas and Produced Water Sampling at the Gasbuggy, New Mexico, Site
Annual natural gas and produced water monitoring was conducted for gas wells adjacent to Section 36, where the Gasbuggy test was conducted, in accordance with the draft Long-Term Surveillance and Maintenance Plan for the Gasbuggy Site, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. Sampling and analysis was conducted as specified in the Sampling and Analysis Plan for U.S. Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management Sites. (LMS/PLN/S04351, continually updated). Natural gas samples were collected for tritium and carbon-14 analysis. Produced water samples were collected and analyzed for tritium, gamma-emitting radionuclides (by high-resolution gamma spectrometry), gross alpha, and gross beta. An additional water sample was collected from well 29-6 Water Hole for analysis of tritium and gamma-emitting radionuclides. A duplicate produced water sample was collected from well 30-039-21743.
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
Report of visit to LLNL 26 June to 10 July 2010
On this visit my principal activity was focused on the capsule and in particular to ascertain whether the heat-flow-driven electrothermal (ET) instability would occur in NIF indirect-drive experiments. Filamentary structures, assumed to be associated with the ET instability, have been observed years ago in the coronal plasma of direct-drive and more recently by proton probing of targets irradiated directly with an intense short-pulse (~1ps.) laser. A different proton probing diagnostic based on a subsidiary exploding pusher source has also shown filamentary structures in direct drive experiments at 10 13 – 10 15 W cm -2 intensity, but with only 47μm resolution. Recently measurements have been made on indirectly driven capsules on OMEGA and no filamentary structures were observed. During my visit 1-D numerical simulations from HYDRA were studied. The method was to employ Lagrangian plots of density, temperature etc. for many cells and to test whether the two conditions necessary for growth of the ET instability would simultaneously be satisfied. These conditions are that the electron temperature should be less than a critical temperature and that the electron heat flow should be greater than 0.02 times the free-streaming value. We found that for all of the 16 zones considered none should be unstable, though in some cases it could be marginal. A further development of the heat-flux condition is contained in Appendices A and B, giving a lower threshold, but still indicating that the NIF indirect-drive will be stable to ET. Other subjects briefly studied included the validity of the non-local model of transport in the hohlraum gas; the inclusion of magnetic fields in HYDRA; the electric field in capsules and shocks; the proposed theta pinch for the LIFE project; the importance of ion viscosity, thermal conduction, and Maxwellisation at the final implosion; the question of an electric field and hence a return current generated in radiation transport due to photon momentum deposition; the physical appropriateness of numerical viscosity; and the magnetic field generation on the gold wall.
42 ENGINEERING↗
LLNL-Siemens CRADA Quarterly Report: May - July 2010
The CRADA consists of four tasks: 1. High Resolution/Mesoscale modeling: developing and testing a mesoscale forecasting system for Nysted 2. Large eddy simulations (LES) to develop and parameterize wake effects over a large windfarm as implemented in the mesoscale model 3. Uncertainty quantification using ensemble modeling, to be implemented in the mesoscale model 4. Estimation of global climate change impacts on wind resources in the area of the Champion wind farm, West Texas.
17 WIND ENERGY↗
What is Clean Cities? July 2010 (Brochure)
Fact sheet describes the Clean Cities program and includes the contact information for its 87 active coalitions.
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
Handbook for Handling, Storing, and Dispensing E85, July 2010, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Clean Cities (Brochure)
Guidebook contains information about EPAct alternative fuels regulations for fleets, flexible fuel vehicles, E85 properties and specifications, and E85 handling and storage guidelines.
09 BIOMASS FUELS↗