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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on ICl3 by Materials Project

ICl3 is alpha Niobium phosphide-derived structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of one ICl3 cluster. I is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four Cl atoms. There are a spread of I–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.39–2.74 Å. There are three inequivalent Cl sites. In the first Cl site, Cl is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one I atom. In the second Cl site, Cl is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent I atoms. In the third Cl site, Cl is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one I atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Promiscuous G-protein activation by the calcium-sensing receptor

The human calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) detects fluctuations in the extracellular Ca 2+ concentration and maintains Ca 2+ homeostasis. It also mediates diverse cellular processes not associated with Ca 2+ balance. The functional pleiotropy of CaSR arises in part from its ability to signal through several G-protein subtypes. Here, we determined structures of CaSR in complex with G proteins from three different subfamilies: G q , G i and G s . We found that the homodimeric CaSR of each complex couples to a single G protein through a common mode. This involves the C-terminal helix of each Gα subunit binding to a shallow pocket that is formed in one CaSR subunit by all three intracellular loops (ICL1–ICL3), an extended transmembrane helix 3 and an ordered C-terminal region. G-protein binding expands the transmembrane dimer interface, which is further stabilized by phospholipid. The restraint imposed by the receptor dimer, in combination with ICL2, enables G-protein activation by facilitating conformational transition of Gα. We identified a single Gα residue that determines G q and G s versus G i selectivity. The length and flexibility of ICL2 allows CaSR to bind all three Gα subtypes, thereby conferring capacity for promiscuous G-protein coupling.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗