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11 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on HgCl2 by Materials Project

HgCl2 is High Pressure (4-7GPa) Tellurium structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four mercuric chloride molecules. Hg2+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two Cl1- atoms. Both Hg–Cl bond lengths are 2.32 Å. There are two inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Hg2+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Hg2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on HgC4NCl3 by Materials Project

C(HgCl2)2C2NC4NClCCl crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1 space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of two ch3nc molecules; two chloromethane molecules; two methane molecules; two C4NCl clusters; and two HgCl2 ribbons oriented in the (1, 0, 0) direction. In each C4NCl cluster, there are four inequivalent C1+ sites. In the first C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C1+ and one N3- atom. The C–C bond length is 1.31 Å. The C–N bond length is 1.28 Å. In the second C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two C1+ atoms. The C–C bond length is 1.25 Å. In the third C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.21 Å. In the fourth C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one C1+ and one Cl1- atom. The C–Cl bond length is 1.61 Å. N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to two C1+ atoms. Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C1+ atom. In each HgCl2 ribbon, there are two inequivalent Hg2+ sites. In the first Hg2+ site, Hg2+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two Cl1- atoms. Both Hg–Cl bond lengths are 2.31 Å. In the second Hg2+ site, Hg2+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to four Cl1- atoms. There are a spread of Hg–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.30–3.45 Å. There are four inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Hg2+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two Hg2+ atoms. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to two Hg2+ atoms. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Hg2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg(NCl)2 by Materials Project

HgCl2N2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmmm space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of four ammonia molecules and two HgCl2 ribbons oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In each HgCl2 ribbon, Hg2+ is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Cl1- atoms. All Hg–Cl bond lengths are 2.61 Å. Cl1- is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Hg2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on HgC4NCl3 by Materials Project

HgCl2C4NCl crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1 space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of four C4NCl clusters and two HgCl2 ribbons oriented in the (1, 0, 0) direction. In two of the C4NCl clusters, there are four inequivalent C1+ sites. In the first C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C1+ and one N3- atom. The C–C bond length is 1.29 Å. The C–N bond length is 1.27 Å. In the second C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.21 Å. In the third C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two C1+ atoms. The C–C bond length is 1.26 Å. In the fourth C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one C1+ and one Cl1- atom. The C–Cl bond length is 1.61 Å. N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to two C1+ atoms. Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C1+ atom. In two of the C4NCl clusters, there are four inequivalent C1+ sites. In the first C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.21 Å. In the second C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one C1+ and one N3- atom. The C–C bond length is 1.29 Å. The C–N bond length is 1.26 Å. In the third C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one C1+ and one Cl1- atom. The C–C bond length is 1.26 Å. The C–Cl bond length is 1.60 Å. In the fourth C1+ site, C1+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two C1+ atoms. N3- is bonded in a linear geometry to two C1+ atoms. Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C1+ atom. In each HgCl2 ribbon, there are two inequivalent Hg2+ sites. In the first Hg2+ site, Hg2+ is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Cl1- atoms. There are two shorter (2.35 Å) and one longer (3.16 Å) Hg–Cl bond lengths. In the second Hg2+ site, Hg2+ is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Cl1- atoms. There are a spread of Hg–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.30–3.14 Å. There are four inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Hg2+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted L-shaped geometry to two Hg2+ atoms. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Hg2+ atom. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to two Hg2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Mercury immunotoxicity in the brown watersnake ( Nerodia taxispilota ): An in vitro study

Mercury (Hg) is a heavy metal that enters the environment through natural and anthropogenic means. Once in the environment, Hg can biomagnify in food webs and is known to cause immunotoxic effects to wildlife. Compared with other vertebrates, knowledge of the reptilian immune system is lacking, especially in snakes. Further, even less is known about the impact of environmental contaminants on snake immunity. This gap in knowledge is largely due to an absence of established immune-based assays or specific reagents for these species. In this study, brown watersnakes (Nerodia taxispilota; n = 23) were captured on the Savannah River (Augusta, Georgia, USA), weighed, measured, bled, and released. Peripheral blood leukocytes (24 h old) were enriched and evaluated with an established mammalian in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay. Enriched leukocytes were then exposed to mercury chloride (HgCl2) at 3.75, 37.5, and 75 μM. Total mercury (THg) in whole blood was also quantified. Snake peripheral blood leukocyte enrichment yielded >90% lymphocytes with viabilities averaging >70%. Exposure to HgCl 2 resulted in significant dose-dependent suppression of proliferative responses relative to spontaneous proliferation at 37.5 and 75 μM (both p ≤ 0.01) but not 3.75 μM (p = 0.99). Mean ± 1 SE concentration of THg in whole blood was 0.127 ± 0.027 mg/kg (wet weight). Based on the in vitro findings with HgCl 2 , snakes in systems with heavy Hg pollution may be at risk of immunosuppression, but N. taxispilota at the site in this study appear to be at low risk.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Comparison of mercury (Hg) bioaccumulation with mono- and mixed Lemna minor and Spirodela polyrhiza cultures

Mercury (Hg) is a prevalent and harmful contaminant that persists in the environment. For phytoremediation, it is important to discover which plants can bioaccumulate meaningful amounts of Hg while also tolerating its toxicity. Additionally, increasing biodiversity could create a more resilient and self-sustaining system for remediation. This study explores whether mixed populations of Lemna minor and Spirodela polyrhiza can better bioaccumulate and tolerate Hg than monocultures. Mono- and mixed cultures of L. minor and S. polyrhiza were grown in mesocosms of 0.5 μg/L or 100 μg/L Hg ( HgCl2) spiked water for 96 h. Change in weight of duckweed was used to assess Hg tolerance. Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGTs) were used as surrogate monitoring devices for bioavailable levels of Hg. For biomass growth, the mixed culture of the L. minor was greater than the monoculture at the high dose. The L. minor accumulated more Hg in the mixed culture at the low dose while the S. polyrhiza was higher in the mixed at the high dose. Hg speciation in water was modeled using Windermere Humic Aqueous Model 7 (WHAM7) to compare the bioavailable species indicated by the DGTs. Potentially due to the controlled conditions, the WHAM7 output of bioavailable Hg was almost 1:1 to that estimated by the DGTs, indicating good predictive capability of geochemical modeling and passive sampler DGT on metal bioavailability. Altogether, the mixed cultures statistically performed as well as or better than the monocultures when tolerating and bioaccumulating Hg. However, there needs to be further work to see if the significant differences translate into practical differences worth the extra resources to maintain multiple species.

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTAN↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on HgH4C4(NCl2)2 by Materials Project

HgCl2(HC2N)2(HCl)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight aziridine molecules, eight hydrochloric acid molecules, and four mercuric chloride molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on HgH2C6(NCl2)2 by Materials Project

HgCl2(HC2N)2(CCl)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight aziridine molecules, eight chloromethane molecules, and four mercuric chloride molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg3Pt(NCl4)2 by Materials Project

Pt(NCl)2(HgCl2)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four cis-diaminedichloroplatinum molecules and twelve mercuric chloride molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on MgHg3(Cl4O3)2 by Materials Project

Mg(O3Cl)2(HgCl2)3 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of three mercuric chloride molecules and one Mg(O3Cl)2 ribbon oriented in the (1, 0, 0) direction. In the Mg(O3Cl)2 ribbon, Mg is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six O atoms. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.09–2.16 Å. There are three inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Mg atom. In the second O site, O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Mg and one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.88 Å. In the third O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Mg and one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.63 Å. Cl is bonded in a linear geometry to two O atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg2SN2Cl4O3 by Materials Project

(HgCl2)2N2SO3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/m space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four ammonia molecules, four mercuric chloride molecules, and two sulfur trioxide molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗