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Grace DAKASEP alkaline battery separator

The Grace DAKASEP separator was originally developed as a wicking layer for nickel-zinc alkaline batteries. The DAKASEP is a filled non-woven separator which is flexible and heat sealable. Through modification of formulation and processing variables, products with a variety of properties can be produced. Variations of DAKASEP were tested in Ni-H2, Ni-Zn, Ni-Cd, and primary alkaline batteries with good results. The properties of DAKASEP which are optimized for Hg-Zn primary batteries are shown in tabular form. This separator has high tensile strength, 12 micron average pore size, relatively low porosity at 46-48 percent, and consequently moderately high resistivity. Versions were produced with greater than 70 percent porosity and resistivities in 33 wt percent KOH as low as 3 ohm cm. Performance data for Hg-Zn E-1 size cells containing DAKASEP with the properties shown in tabular form, are more reproducible than data obtained with a competitive polypropylene non-woven separator. In addition, utilization of active material is in general considerably improved.

Giovannoni, R. T.↗

Materials Data on ZnHg3 by Materials Project

Hg3Zn is alpha bismuth trifluoride structured and crystallizes in the cubic Fm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Hg sites. In the first Hg site, Hg is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to four equivalent Hg and four equivalent Zn atoms. All Hg–Hg bond lengths are 3.21 Å. All Hg–Zn bond lengths are 3.21 Å. In the second Hg site, Hg is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Hg atoms. Zn is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Hg atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on ZnHg3 by Materials Project

(Hg)2HgZn crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two Hg sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction and two HgZn sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In each Hg sheet, Hg is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Hg atoms. All Hg–Hg bond lengths are 3.10 Å. In each HgZn sheet, Hg is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Zn atoms. All Hg–Zn bond lengths are 3.10 Å. Zn is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Hg atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Zn3Hg by Materials Project

HgZn3 is beta Cu3Ti-like structured and crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mmc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Hg is bonded to twelve equivalent Zn atoms to form a mixture of corner and face-sharing HgZn12 cuboctahedra. There are six shorter (2.91 Å) and six longer (2.94 Å) Hg–Zn bond lengths. Zn is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Hg and eight equivalent Zn atoms. There are a spread of Zn–Zn bond distances ranging from 2.79–3.09 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗