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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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This talk addresses the compelling scientific interest in the infrared and describes why, years from now, astronomers will view this decade as a golden era for the exploration of the infrared sky.
The cradle warmer is based on technology in heated transparent materials developed by Sierracin Corporation, Sylmar, California he original application was in heated faceplates for the pressure suit heated faceplates worn by pilots of an Air Force/NASA reconnaissance and weather research plane. Later, Sierracin advanced the technology for other applications, among them the cockpit windows of the NASA X-15 supersonic research vehicle and the helmet faceplates of Apollo astronauts. Adapting the technology to hospital needs, Sierracin teamed with Cavitron Corporation, Anaheim, California, which produces the cradle warmer and two other systems employing Sierracin's electrically-heated transparencies. Working to combat the infant mortality rate, hospitals are continually upgrading delivery room and nursery care techniques. Many have special procedures and equipment to protect infants during the "period of apprehension," the critical six to 12 hours after delivery. One such item of equipment is an aerospace spinoff called the Infant Radiant Warmer, a "golden canopy" which provides uniform, controlled warmth to the infant's cradle. Warmth is vitally important to all newborns, particularly premature babies; they lose heat more rapidly than adults because they have greater surface area in comparison with body mass.
The impact of Golden Pothos on indoor air quality was studied against a simulated spacecraft trace contaminant load model, consistent with the International Space Station (ISS), containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and formaldehyde. Previous research provides inconclusive results on the efficacy of plant VOC removal which this projects seeks to rectify through a better experimental design. This work develops a passive system for removing common VOC's from spacecraft and household indoor air and decreasing the necessity for active cabin trace contaminant removal systems.
Appraising the period spanning the launch of the first Landsat satellite in 1972 to the present, the common consensus within the Earth observation (EO) community is that we are currently living in a “Golden Age of Remote Sensing,” with access to datasets, tools, and capacity building opportunities hitherto unavailable (e.g. data from Landsat, the Copernicus program, Planet / NICFI, platforms such as Google Earth Engine and SEPAL, and trainings via NASA’s ARSET and Europe's EO College). With the inter-governmental Group on Earth Observations (GEO) focusing its efforts on helping regions across the world to develop their EO capacities, Central America serves as a useful case study on the development of such capacity, with important implications for other emerging regions. A significant chapter of the region’s development of its EO capacity can be traced to 1998 when a regional body - the Central American Commission for the Environment and Development (CCAD, in Spanish) - signed a Memorandum of Understanding with NASA, which eventually led to the development of the SERVIR-Mesoamerica program, also with the support of the U.S. Agency for International Development, in 2004. The establishment of the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) initiative in 2007 in the context of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change provided additional impetus for strengthening the region’s environmental monitoring capacities. REDD+ paved the way, over the past decade, for the region’s countries to benefit from cooperation with the Germany development agency, GIZ, and the United States’ SilvaCarbon initiative. By 2021, the CCAD’s parent body - the Central American Integration System (SICA, in Spanish) - had also entered into collaborations with not only NASA, but other entities, including the Copernicus program, the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency, and the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, and the region is also engaging with GEO’s AmeriGEO regional initiative. Nevertheless, the aforementioned collaborative efforts only convey part of the case study regarding Central America’s EO capacity. This presentation will also examine applications aspects, as well as implications for the development of EO capacity in other regions, including via regional GEO initiatives.
Exploration of Ocean Worlds requires a new type of mission to be developed, an ice penetrating submersible vehicle. Such a mission would present a number of new challenges, including long range autonomous under ice navigation. We have developed a method based on Golden Section Search for an AUV to home to a base station with a single range-only acoustic beacon and no absolute heading measurement capabilities. We demonstrate this method in simulation to home from 10km away to within 1km. Such capabilities would be required for a submersible to explore any substantial portion of the oceans on these Ocean Worlds.
The fundamental role of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) in the depletion of stratospheric ozone is well established. Heterogeneous reactions on PSCs convert the stable chlorine reservoirs HCl and ClONO2 to chlorine radicals that destroy ozone catalytically. PSCs also prolong ozone depletion by delaying chlorine deactivation through the removal of gas-phase HNO3 and H2O by sedimentation of large PSC particles. There has been substantial recent progress in our understanding of PSC processes due to the long-term, vortex-wide observations from the CALIOP (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) lidar on the CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations) satellite and the MLS (Microwave Limb Sounder) on the Aura satellite. The CALIOP observations provide unprecedented high spatial resolution information on particulate aerosol/PSC morphology and composition, while MLS provides complementary collocated measurements of gas-phase HNO3 and H2O, the major constituents of all PSC particles. The combined analyses of these datasets have enabled better PSC composition discrimination and provided valuable new insight into PSC formation processes and particle growth kinetics. The more than 17 years of CALIOP and MLS data have uniquely captured the primary aspects of the seasonal and multi-year variability of PSCs in the Arctic and Antarctic, enabling the development of a state-of-the-art reference PSC data record and climatology. In this presentation, we highlight the significant advances in our understanding achieved during this golden era of spaceborne PSC observations and identify remaining gaps in our knowledge that future spaceborne lidar missions may help resolve.
The data for chemical kinetics rate constants and photochemical cross sections taken from a compilation prepared in early 1985, entitled Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Stratospheric Modeling, is presented.
Review of Russian research in aviation medicine during years 1930 to 1940
Effect of hibernation on weight, mitochondrial nitrogen content, and enzymatic activity of brown fat and liver of ground squirrel, citellus lateralis
One dimensional search routine for function of one variable and approximation of function with cubic equation
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A course in maritime law was provided via ATS satellite to law students onboard ship. Classes were received while the ship was on the open seas and in the various ports visited. A half duplex audio channel provided the primary communication mode. All participants judged this pilot study to be extremely useful. Students were able to pursue their course work and to have the benefits of research guidance from academic advisors, while gaining practical, hands on experience at sea.
The fourth space shuttle flight is summarized. An onboard electrophoresis experiment is reviewed. Crew physiology, the first getaway special, a lightning survey, shuttle environment measurement, prelaunch weather conditions, loss of solid rocket boosters, modification of thermal test program, and other events are also reviewed.
The fourth Space Shuttle flight is summarized. STS certification as operational, applications experiments, experiments involving crew, the first Getaway Special, a lightning survey. Shuttle environment measurement, prelaunch rain and hail, loss of solid rocket boosters, and modification of the thermal test program are reviewed.
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This paper describes the problem domain and our experimentation with the first commercial implementation of the Real Time Specification for Java. The two main issues explored in this report are: (1) the effect of RTSJ's non-heap memory on the programming model, and (2) performance benchmarking of RTSJ/Linux relative to C++/VxWorks.
Previous research has discussed the ongoing dilemma of implementing research-based findings in an applied setting. This panel will discuss lessons learned from various examples where bridges have been forged between research and operations, and examine ways to promote and achieve similar collaborations in other areas in the future.