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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2005

Mars ROCKS! in North Dakota, Solar System Ambassador Program in North Dakota

Mars is Rock'n in the Midwest! With a total of 5 currently running space missions exploring the red planet, what can teachers locally do to bring Mars into the classroom and capitalize on free and low-cost resources to teach Earth Science in terms of Mars? The NASA/JPL Solar System Ambassador is one such resource that Earth science teachers in the region can utilize. Currently only one Solar System Ambassador exists in the whole state of North Dakota. North Dakota is a rural state with the majority of its population concentrated on the eastern frindges which include the cities of Grand Forks and Fargo. The ruralness of the rest of the state provide a interesting challenge for any outreach program especially the solar system ambassador program.

Milford, C. R.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Normal crop calendars. Volume 2: The spring wheat states of Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota

The state crop calendars for the principal spring wheat producing states within the United States are presented. These crop calendars are an update of those produced for the large area crop inventory experiment multilabeling task during 1978and are compiled for the foreign commodity production forecasting (FCPF) project of the agriculture and resources inventory surveys through aerospace remote sensing program.

West, W. L., III↗
NASA NTRS2002

Continuing Development of a Collaborative Plan to Further Engage South Dakota in NASA's Earth Science Enterprise

An ongoing set of research planning activities have occurred in South Dakota as a consequence of the past two years of NASA-EPSCoR Preparation Grants. During this time a group of approximately 60 scientists, engineers, and university administrators in South Dakota have been directly involved as "theme team" members in a series of five all-day meetings to identify the research and technological priorities that are consistent both with NASA-ESE's interests and the State's expertise. Institutions represented within the group's membership include: South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, South Dakota State University, Augustana College, University of South Dakota, USGS EROS Data Center, Si ranks College, Santa Gleska University, Sisseton Wahpeton Community College, USGS Water Resources Division, US National Weather Service, and the SD Department of Environment & Natural Resources. Many of these organizations are also members and affiliates of the SD Space Grant Consortium. The evolving plan has been guided by the following desirable actions: 1. To establish new contacts and strengthen existing linkages with NASA Centers, relevant NASA researchers, and key personnel at the USGS EROS Data Center. 2. To promote participation from the State's major research institutions, State agencies, and relevant businesses in South Dakota that are interested in strengthening our scientific and technological enterprises. 3. To develop the State's scientific talent and infrastructure for enhanced competitiveness in research, development, and technology-based economic development. 4. To encourage greater participation by under represented groups, especially Native Americans, in scientific education and research. 5. To build greater public and political support in South Dakota for the overall science, engineering, and technology enterprise. 6. To communicate the benefits of current and future NASA programs to the progress and development of South Dakota, the Northern Great Plains Region, and the Nation.

Farwell, Sherry O.↗
DOE OSTI2024

NORTH DAKOTA CARBONSAFE PHASE III: SITE CHARACTERIZATION AND PERMITTING OF GEOLOGIC STORAGE OF CARBON DIOXIDE

The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC), in partnership with Minnkota Power Cooperative Inc. (Minnkota), SLB, and Computer Modelling Group Ltd. (CMG), supported wide-scale deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) as part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Energy Technology Laboratory Carbon Storage Assurance Facility Enterprise (CarbonSAFE) Initiative Phase III. This phase included the acquisition, analysis, and development of information to fully characterize two storage complexes to demonstrate viable storage resources for commercial volumes of CO2 (defined by DOE as a minimum of 50 million tonnes [MMt] of CO2 within a 30-year period) (National Energy Technology Laboratory, 2024). Phase III also involved the preparation, submission, and approval of North Dakota underground injection control (UIC) Class VI storage facility permits (SFPs)—required precursors to applications for Class VI injection well permits. The presumed viability of commercial-scale CCS, situated adjacent to Minnkota’s Milton R. Young Station (MRYS), is validated by Minnkota’s continued pursuit of Project Tundra—an initiative to build the world’s largest lignite-based CCS project in central North Dakota (www.projecttundrand.com). Project Tundra comprises two scopes of work, Tundra Capture (installation of postcombustion CO2 capture at MRYS) and Tundra SGS (secure geologic storage). The efforts of North Dakota CarbonSAFE Phase III, Site Characterization and Permitting, supported Tundra SGS. Extensive site-specific characterization activities included a successful multimeasurement geophysical approach and drilling a stratigraphic test well (J-ROC 1, subsequently renamed Liberty-1) adjacent to MRYS. Core collection and analyses, downhole testing and fluid sampling, and geophysical logging were performed on J-ROC 1 and on a nearby stratigraphic test well (known as J-LOC 1), which was drilled, cored, and tested under a complementary project funded by the North Dakota Lignite Research Program. The injection tests performed on J-LOC 1 positively impacted the CarbonSAFE project, resulting in fewer proposed injection wells and significant construction, operations, and monitoring cost savings. The characterization data collected and analyses performed were integrated into geologic models, and successive numerical simulations were run to determine CO2 plume extent and subsurface pressure buildup associated with the planned CO2 injection rate of nearly 4 MMt per year. The latter doubles the CarbonSAFE Initiative goal with an estimated 100 MMt of CO2 stored in 20 years. Application of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) method for estimating the Class VI Rule area of review (AOR) to the overpressurized Broom Creek Formation inspired an alternative method of calculation, called risk-based AOR delineation. This peer-reviewed method was applied for the first time during the storage facility-permitting process. The two SFP applications submitted in 2021 successfully resulted in North Dakota Industrial Commission (NDIC) orders in 2022 authorizing the creation of the storage facility areas and amalgamation of pore space as well as establishing financial responsibility requirements. After approval of the SFPs, Minnkota filed in 2022 applications for permits to reenter the J-ROC 1 well and to drill two new wells—all with the intended purpose to become Class VI injection wells. To establish eligibility under the Internal Revenue Code for Section 45Q tax incentives, a monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) plan was prepared and submitted by Minnkota to EPA in 2022, resulting in the first such plan approved in North Dakota. Also in 2022, under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), Minnkota prepared and submitted an environmental information volume (EIV) describing the proposed CCS project and associated potential environmental impacts. Based on the EIV, DOE determined that the proposed construction project required an environmental assessment, and Minnkota submitted the first draft in 2023 and a revised draft in 2024. Both submissions were followed by a public comment period. Subsequently, DOE issued a finding of no significant impact (FONSI) on September 13, 2024. A successful outreach program, strongly based in the production, presentation, and dissemination of informational material, fostered an environment to aid stakeholders in making informed decisions regarding the planned project. Opportunities for public input were provided at various steps along the way, including at county planning and zoning meetings, before and during the SFP administrative hearing, and during environmental assessment public comment periods. In addition, land/pore space owners and mineral owners had various points of contact, including granting access rights, securing pore space leasing, and mineral owner notifications. Based upon the successful storage facility permitting issued by NDIC, approval of the MRV plan by EPA, and receipt of a FONSI under the NEPA, Minnkota is continuing its pursuit of Project Tundra. In December 2023, the Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations under its Carbon Capture Demonstrations Projects Program announced funding for the capture system (Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations, 2023) and a proposal for CarbonSAFE Phase IV: Construction funding was submitted in March 2024 for the storage project. A go/no-go decision to proceed with construction and operations in the Broom Creek Formation is anticipated in 2024. References National Energy Technology Laboratory, CarbonSafe Initiative, https://netl.doe.gov/carbon-management/carbon-storage/carbonsafe (accessed August 2024). Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations, 2023, OCED selects three projects in CA, ND, and TX to reduce harmful carbon pollution, create new economic opportunities, and advance carbon reducing technologies, December, www.energy.gov/oced/articles/oced-selects-three-projects-ca-nd-and-tx-reduce-harmful-carbon-pollution-create-new (accessed August 2024).

Peck, Wesley↗
NASA NTRS1976

Results of Large Area Crop Inventory Experiment (LACIE) drought analysis (South Dakota drought 1976)

LACIE using techniques developed from the southern Great Plains drought analysis indicated the potential for drought damage in South Dakota. This potential was monitored and as it became apparent that a drought was developing, LACIE implemented some of the procedures used in the southern Great Plains drought. The technical approach used in South Dakota involved the normal use of LACIE sample segments (5 x 6 nm) every 18 days. Full frame color transparencies (100 x 100 nm) were used on 9 day intervals to identify the drought area and to track overtime. The green index number (GIN) developed using the Kauth transformation was computed for all South Dakota segments and selected North Dakota segments. A scheme for classifying segments as drought affected or not affected was devised and tested on all available 1976 South Dakota data. Yield model simulations were run for all CRD's Crop Reporting District) in South Dakota.

Thompson, D. R.↗
DOE OSTI2024

DE-FE0029488 - North Dakota Integrated Carbon Capture and Storage Complex Feasibility Study Public Data

Data from award DE-FE0029488 - North Dakota Integrated Carbon Capture and Storage Complex Feasibility Study performed by the Energy & Environmental Research Center including the following: - 2D Seismic {Input data, sgy files, maps, logs, and descriptors} - Core Petrophysics {Core analysis of plugs from the two stratigraphic test wells (Flemmer-1 [API 33-057-00039] and BNI-1 [API 33-065-00018])} - North Dakota Oil and Gas File No 37380 Files - North Dakota Oil and Gas File No 37672 Files - Well Testing Data {Summary of well testing methods and results from the stratigraphic test wells (Flemmer-1 and BNI-1)} Additional References: https://www.netl.doe.gov/sites/default/files/2017-12/Wesley-Peck-_Mastering-the-Subsurface_CarbonSAFE-Phase-II_August-2017-final.pdf Peck, W.D., Ayash, S.C., Klapperich, R.J., Gorecki, C.D. (2019) The North Dakota integrated carbon storage complex feasibility study, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Volume 84, 2019, Pages 47-53, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2019.03.001

Carbon Storage↗
NASA NTRS1980

Remote sensing applications to resource problems in South Dakota

Cooperative projects between RSI and numerous South Dakota agencies have provided a means of incorporating remote sensing techniques into operational programs. Eight projects discussed in detail are: (1) detection of high moisture zones near interstate 90; (2) thermal infrared census of Canada geese in South Dakota; (3) dutch elm disease detection in urban environment; (4) a feasibility study for monitoring effective precipitation in South Dakota using TIROS-N; (5) open and abandoned dump sites in Spink county; (6) the influence of soil reflectance on LANDSAT signatures of crops; (7) A model implementation program for Lake Herman watershed; and (8) the Six-Mile Creek investigation follow-on.

Myers, V. I.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Rocks, resolution, and the record at the terrestrial K/T boundary, eastern Montana and western North Dakota

Reconstructions of mass extinction events are based upon faunal patterns, reconstructed from numerical and diversity data ultimately derived from rocks. It follows that geological complexity must not be subsumed in the desire to establish patterns. This is exemplified at the Terrestrial Cretaceous-Tertiary (K/T) boundary in eastern Montana and western North Dakota, where there are represented all of the major indicators of the terrestrial K/T transition: dinosaurian and non-dinosaurian vertebrate faunas, pollen, a megaflora, iridium, and shocked quartz. It is the patterns of these indicators that shape ideas about the terrestrial K/T transition. In eastern Montana and western North Dakota, the K/T transition is represented lithostratigraphically by the Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation, and the Tertiary Tullock Formation. Both of these are the result of aggrading, meandering, fluvial systems, a fact that has important consequences for interpretations of fossils they contain. Direct consequences of the fluvial depositional environments are: facies are lenticular, interfingering, and laterally discontinuous; the occurrence of fossils in the Hell Creek and Tullock formations is facies-dependent; and the K/T sequence in eastern Montana and western North Dakota is incomplete, as indicated by repetitive erosional contacts and soil successions. The significance for faunal patterns of lenticular facies, facies-dependent preservation, and incompleteness is discussed. A project attempting to reconstruct vertebrate evolution in a reproducible manner in Hell Creek-type sediments must be based upon a reliable scale of correlations, given the lenticular nature of the deposits, and a recognition of the fact that disparate facies are not comparable in terms of either numbers of preserved vertebrates or depositional rates.

Fastovsky, D. E.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Quantifying CO 2 Plume Stabilization at Carbon Storage Projects, North Dakota, USA

This study presents an approach for quantifying when injected carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) stabilizes pursuant to carbon capture and storage (CCS) project permitting and site closure requirements. The distribution of mobile-phase CO 2 (CO 2 plume) will evolve within the storage reservoir during and after injection through both physical and chemical trapping mechanisms. CCS policies generally agree that the CO 2 plume’s migratory behavior in post-injection should demonstrate nonendangerment to the environment but do not provide specific guidance on how to meet the definition of plume stabilization, generating some uncertainty for operators. Plume stability herein means the CO 2 plume 1) changes size minimally and predictably in the storage reservoir such that it will not cross key boundaries identified in the permit and 2) does not pose a threat to human health, underground sources of drinking water (USDWs), and the environment because of lateral migration to areas where leakage pathways may exist. Published literature on plume metrics was reviewed to determine which metric(s) may be most appropriate for determining CO 2 plume stability. A technical approach that defines plume stabilization by estimating the rate of change in the geographic footprint of the CO 2 plume with respect to time was developed and illustrated using a case study from North Dakota, USA, as a proposed solution for CCS operators to apply at the project permitting stage. Any prospective CCS operator may benefit from using the same approach to inform the selection of pore space lease and monitoring areas and develop post-injection site care plans.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Exploring the Feasibility of a Carbon Dioxide Storage Hub in Western North Dakota

The University of North Dakota Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) and project partner ONEOK, Inc. (ONEOK) are investigating the feasibility of establishing a CO2 (carbon dioxide) storage hub in western North Dakota—in the heart of the Williston Basin. The conceived Roughrider Carbon Storage Hub would store CO2 captured from six gas-processing plants owned and operated by project partner ONEOK and a planned gas-to-liquids plant. This 2-year U.S. Department of Energy-sponsored Carbon Storage Assurance Facility Enterprise (CarbonSAFE) Phase II feasibility study is evaluating the aggregation of the CO2 captured from these seven sources for injection into stacked geologic storage complexes. The proposed hub includes several aspects that make it a highly qualified candidate for a feasibility study with a notably reduced project risk profile. These include 1) a project partner (ONEOK) with a committed goal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions; 2) prior subsurface data analysis supporting a potential stacked storage configuration with adequate CO2 storage resource; 3) commitment from local, regional, and state-level stakeholders; and 4) a state with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency underground injection control Class VI primacy. ONEOK’s assets in the Williston Basin provide significant environmental benefits by capturing and processing natural gas that may otherwise be flared or vented. Storing CO2 from these gas-processing facilities will reduce overall CO2 emissions in the basin while providing essential services to producers there and contributing to continued energy independence in the domestic markets.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
NASA NTRS1974

On observations of modal interference of the North Dakota Omega transmission

Phase perturbations due to apparent modal interference make a distinctive contribution to the navigation error according to an evaluation of Omega navigation accuracies. In general the North Dakota VLF Omega signal phase has been observed to lag consistently at virtually all of the receiver sites considered. Attention is given to modal excitation in a spherical waveguide and the sensitivity of receiver phase to parameter variations. It is found that the large phase fluctuations which have occurred at night at ranges from North Dakota could deteriorate navigation accuracies particularly in and near the coastal confluence regions.

Baxa, E. G., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Application of remote sensing technology to land evaluation, planning utilization of land resources, and assessment of wildlife areas in eastern South Dakota

A soils map for land evaluation in Potter County (Eastern South Dakota) was developed to demonstrate the use of remote sensing technology in the area of diverse parent materials and topography. General land use and soils maps have also been developed for land planning LANDSAT, RB-57 imagery, and USGS photographs are being evaluated for making soils and land use maps. LANDSAT fulfilled the requirements for general land use and a general soils map. RB-57 imagery supplemented by large scale black and white stereo coverage was required to provide the detail needed for the final soils map for land evaluation. Color infrared prints excelled black and white coverage for this soil mapping effort. An identification and classification key for wetland types in the Lake Dakota Plain was developed for June 1975 using color infrared imagery. Wetland types in the region are now being mapped via remote sensing techniques to provide a current inventory for development of mitigation measures.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1983

Comparison of CRD, APU, and state models for Iowa corn and soybeans and North Dakota barley and spring wheat

A comparison was made among the CEAS crop reporting district (CRD), agrophysical unit (APU), and state level multiple regression yield models for corn and soybeans in Iowa and barley and spring wheat in North Dakota. The best predictions were made by the state model for North Dakota spring wheat, by the APU models for barley, by the CRD models for Iowa soybeans, and by APU covariance models for Iowa corn. Because of this lack of consistency of model performance, CRD models would be recommended due to the availability of the data.

French, V.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Preliminary analysis of University of North Dakota aircraft data from the FIRE Cirrus IFO-2

This report describes the progress and performance by the University of North Dakota under NASA Research Award NAG-1-1351, 'Preliminary Analysis of University of North Dakota Aircraft Data from the FIRE Cirrus IFO-II,' for the period October 15, 1992 to April 14, 1993. Included is a summary of the data archival status and preliminary analysis efforts. During this reporting period, data archival efforts were directed toward providing reduced data for the FIRE data archive and fulfilling special requests for reduced and valued and value-added data.

Poellot, Michael R.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Evaluation of South Dakota Aggregate as Martian Simulants

This research investigates aggregate sources in South Dakota to simulate martian aggregate for use in future martian concrete infrastructure. This effort supports the Moon to Mars Planetary Autonomous Construction Technology (MMPACT) project lead by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Currently, martian simulants are not produced in large quantities or from many geologic sources. Previous work has primarily focused on tholeiitic basalt even though the martian surface has diverse geology especially in crater locations. Various landing sites were selected to explore martian regolith compositions and textural characteristics. From these results, it was determined that locations with basaltic andesite would best match geological sources in South Dakota. These local regolith sources were then collected and characterized. A comparison between the local and martian aggregate is provided. Ultimately, this work will contribute to binder production for Additive Construction using In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) processing for surface construction.

Aggregate↗
DOE OSTI2024

Reservoir Simulations and Accuracy Measures for CO 2 and Pressure Plumes for the Broom Creek Formation in Central North Dakota

Conference paper presented at 17th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT-17), Calgary, Alberta, Canada, October 20–24, 2024. This study estimated the accuracy of the predicted 5-year carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and pressure plumes for a hypothetical geological storage project injecting CO 2 into the Broom Creek Formation near central North Dakota.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
DOE OSTI2024

Utilizing 3D Mechanical Earth Models for Calibration and Validation in a Large-Scale Carbon Capture and Storage Project in North Dakota

Conference paper presented at 17th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT-17), Calgary, Alberta, Canada, October 20–24, 2024. Three-dimensional (3D) mechanical earth models (MEMs) are pivotal in assessing geological sites for carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) storage and mitigating potential risks associated with storage and injection. The Energy & Environmental Research Center is exploring innovative carbon storage monitoring techniques at a CO 2 storage site near Beulah, North Dakota. These methods aim to provide lower-impact, faster feedback for commercial carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects. The research includes monitoring CO 2 injection using various approaches: 1) an automated, integrated modular monitoring station; 2) time-lapse electromagnetic (EM) field surveys; 3) drone-based surveillance; 4) time-lapse seismic techniques; and 5) advanced wellbore monitoring.

02 PETROLEUM↗