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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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NASA NTRS2001

Modified Mode-I Cracked Sandwich Beam (CSB) Fracture Test

Five composite sandwich panels were fabricated using vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). Four of these panels had E-glass/vinylester facesheets and one had carbon/epoxy facesheets. The sandwich panels had different density PVC foam cores. The four E-glass panels had core densities of 80, 100, 130, 200 kg/cu m. The sandwich with carbon/epoxy 3 facesheets had a core with density of 100 kg/cu m. Fracture tests were conducted using a modified Cracked Sandwich Beam (CSB) test configuration. Load displacement curves were obtained for loading and unloading of the specimens during crack growth. Various increments of crack growth were monitored. Critical Strain Energy Release Rates (SERR) were determined from the tests using the area method. The critical values of SERR can be considered the fracture toughness of the sandwich material. The fracture toughness ranged 367 J/sq m to 1350 J/sq m over the range of core densities. These results are compared to the Mode-I fracture toughness of the PVC foam core materials and values obtained for foam-cored sandwiches using the TSD specimen. Finite-element analyses (FEA) were performed for the test configuration and Strain Energy Release Rates were calculated using the Virtual Crack Closure Technique (VCCT). The SERR values determined from the FEA were scaled to the fracture loads, or critical loads, obtained from the modified CSB tests. These critical loads were in close agreement with the test values.

Smith, S. A.↗

NASA NTRS2020

A HaloSat Analysis of the Cygnus Superbubble

The Cygnus Superbubble(CSB)is a region of soft X-ray emission approximately 13 degrees wide in the direction of the local spiral arm. Such a large region might be the result of strong stellar winds and supernovae from nearby stellar nurseries, or it could be the result of a single event—a hypernova. HaloSat observed four nonoverlapping10 degree diameter fields in the CSB region over the 0.4-7 keV band. The CSB absorption and temperature was found to be consistent over all four fields, with a weighted average of 6.1×1021cm−2and 0.190 keV, respectively. These observations suggest that the CSB is a cohesive object with a singular origin. The total thermal energy for the CSB is estimated at 4×1052erg, based upon a shell-like physical model of the CSB. Absorption and distance estimates to Cyg OB associations are examined. The CSB absorption is found to be most consistent with the absorption seen in Cyg OB1, implying that the CSB lies at a similar distance of 1.1–1.4 kpc.\

Jesse Bluem↗

NASA NTRS2023

Contractor Support Building #7 Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Site Assessment Work Plan

This Work Plan documents the proposed field sampling activities for a per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) Site Assessment at the Contractor Support Building (CSB) #7 at Kennedy Space Center (KSC). The Work Plan provides a background of the historical activities that occurred at CSB #7, and the limited environmental investigations performed at CSB #7. The proposed Site Assessment activities at CSB #7 include the advancement of a soil lithologic boring to 60 feet below ground surface, the installation of a staff gauge in site surface water, perform direct push groundwater sampling at eight locations, and collect four surface water samples. Sampling details, depths, and locations are presented in the Work Plan. The Work Plan was presented to the KSC Remediation Team in the form of an Advance Data Package in February 2023. Following STRIVES approval, the CSB #7 PFAS Site Assessment Work Plan will be formally submitted to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Howard Franklin Fowler↗

NASA NTRS1984

Large-scale Bubble Structure of the Intersteller Medium (ISM) and Properties of the Local Spiral Arm (LSA)

Bubbles which are very common structure units in the Galaxy and galaxies were examined. Collection of radio, optical, infrared and X-ray observations of the Cyg superbubble (CSB) region of the sky show that the CSB is not a single bubble object. Between 50 to 75 percent of its X-ray emission is ascribed to discrete sources. The other 25 to 50% X-ray emission, probably originates from bubbles around 8 OB associations of the region. All bubbles located within the spiral structure of Galaxy, M31 and M33 have diameter 300 pc. The large distance of stellar association from the galactic plane (GP) combined with picture of the gas distribution within the LSA shows that a Reyleigh-Taylor instability in the LSA can develop and give use to the formation of compact stellar clusters, such as the Cyg OB2 association. Development stages of the Reyleigh-Taylor instability, some peculiarities of the dust distribution and departures of the local structure from the galactic grand design suggest the absence of a spiral shockwave in the LSA.

Bochkarev, N. G.↗

NASA NTRS1978

Flap survey test of a combined surface blowing model: Flow measurements at static flow conditions

The Combined Surface Blowing (CSB) V/STOL lift/propulsion system consists of a blown flap system which deflects the exhaust from a turbojet engine over a system of flaps deployed at the trailing edge of the wing. Flow measurements consisting of velocity measurements using split film probes and total measure surveys using a miniature Kiel probe were made at control stations along the flap systems at two spanwise stations, the centerline of the nozzle and 60 percent of the nozzle span outboard of the centerline. Surface pressure measurements were made in the wing cove and the upper surface of the first flap element. The test showed a significant flow separation in the wing cove. The extent of the separation is so large that the flow into the first flap takes place only at the leading edge of the flap. The velocity profile measurements indicate that large spanwise (3 dimensional) flow may exist.

Fukushima, T.↗