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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

Effect of metallurgical structure and properties on adhesion and friction behavior of cobalt alloys

The metallurgical structure and some of the mechanical properties of two cobalt alloys, cobalt-50% iron and cobalt-25% molybdenum-10% chromium, were determined under various heat treated conditions. The mechanical properties of the bcc disordered Co-50Fe alloy, which was found to be very brittle, indicated an exceedingly low fracture strength, low hardness, and very weak grain boundary strength. Ordering by suitable heat treatment only produced a more brittle material with a lower fracture strength and a slightly higher hardness value. Work hardening was found to produce a finer grain structure and a greater grain boundary strength. Tensile properties were examined. It was found that the Co-25Mo-10Cr alloy was difficult to place in the alpha Co solid solution condition, which limited the ability to use precipitation as a hardening reaction. Over two hundred adhesion cycles from zero contact load, to maximum load, to fracture were conducted between couples for each of the above alloys in an ultrahigh vacuum system which would permit the sample surfaces to be cleaned of all contaminant layers. In the Co-50Fe case, the calculated fracture stress from the adhesion tests showed values in the range of 80 to 150 k.s.i., which is about ten times greater than the values from tension tests.

Keller, D. V., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS2013

Systems and Methods for the Electrodeposition of a Nickel-cobalt Alloy

Systems and methods for electrodepositing a nickel-cobalt alloy using a rotating cylinder electrode assembly with a plating surface and an electrical contact. The assembly is placed within a plating bath and rotated while running a plating cycle. Nickel-cobalt alloy deposition is selectively controlled by controlling current density distribution and/or cobalt content in the plating bath while running the plating cycle to deposit an alloy of a desired yield strength onto the plating surface in a single plating cycle. In various embodiments, the rotating cylinder may be used as an insitu monitoring method to assist in obtaining the properties desired.

Ogozalek, Nance Jo↗
NASA NTRS1972

Influence of silicon on friction and wear of iron-cobalt alloys

Sliding friction and wear experiments were conducted with ternary ordered alloys of iron and cobalt containing various amounts of silicon to 5 weight percent. The friction and wear of these alloys were compared to those for binary iron-cobalt alloys in the ordered and disordered states and to those for the conventionally used bearing material, 440-C. Environments in which experiments were conducted included air, argon, and 0.25percent stearic acid in hexadecane. Results indicate that a ternary iron - cobalt - 5-percent-silicon alloy exhibits lower friction and wear than the simple binary iron-cobalt alloy. It exhibits lower wear than 440-C in all three environments. Friction was lower for the alloy in argon than in air. Auger analysis of the surface of the ternary alloy indicated segregation of silicon at the surface as a result of sliding.

Buckley, D. H.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Friction and wear of plasma-sprayed coatings containing cobalt alloys from 25 deg to 650 deg in air

Four different compositions of self-lubricating, plasma-sprayed, composite coatings with calcium fluoride dispersed throughout cobalt alloy-silver matrices were evaluated on a friction and wear apparatus. In addition, coatings of the cobalt alloys alone and one coating with a nickel alloy-silver matrix were evaluated for comparison. The wear specimens consisted of two, diametrically opposed, flat rub shoes sliding on the coated, cylindrical surface of a rotating disk. Two of the cobalt composite coatings gave a friction coefficient of about 0.25 and low wear at room temperature, 400 and 650 C. Wear rates were lower than those of the cobalt alloys alone or the nickel alloy composite coating. However, oxidation limited the maximum useful temperature of the cobalt composite coating to about 650 C compared to about 900 C for the nickel composite coating.

Sliney, H. E.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Friction and wear of plasma-sprayed coatings containing cobalt alloys from 25 deg to 650 deg in air

Four different compositions of self-lubricating, plasma-sprayed, composite coatings with calcium fluoride dispersed throughout cobalt alloy-silver matrices were evaluated on a friction and wear apparatus. In addition, coatings of the cobalt alloys alone and of one coating with a nickel alloy-silver matrix were evaluated for comparison. The wear specimens consisted of two, diametrically opposed, flat rub shoes sliding on the coated, cylindrical surface of a rotating disk. Two of the cobalt composite coatings gave a friction coefficient of about 0.25 and low wear at room temperature, 400 and 650 C. Wear rates were lower than those of the cobalt alloys alone or the nickel alloy composite coating. However, oxidation limited the maximum useful temperature of the cobalt composite coating to about 650 C compared to about 900 C for the nickel composite coating.

Sliney, H. E.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Hot corrosion of low cobalt alloys

The hot corrosion attack susceptibility of various alloys as a function of strategic materials content are investigated. Preliminary results were obtained for two commercial alloys, UDIMET 700 and Mar-M 247, that were modified by varying the cobalt content. For both alloys the cobalt content was reduced in steps to zero. Nickel content was increased accordingly to make up for the reduced cobalt but all other constituents were held constant. Wedge bar test samples were produced by casting. The hot corrosion test consisted of cyclically exposing samples to the high velocity flow of combustion products from an air-fuel burner fueled with jet A-1 and seeded with a sodium chloride aqueous solution. The flow velocity was Mach 0.5 and the sodium level was maintained at 0.5 ppm in terms of fuel plus air. The test cycle consisted of holding the test samples at 900 C for 1 hour followed by 3 minutes in which the sample could cool to room temperature in an ambient temperature air stream.

Stearns, C. A.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Oxidation of low cobalt alloys

Four high temperature alloys: U-700, Mar M-247, Waspaloy and PM/HIP U-700 were modified with various cobalt levels ranging from 0 percent to their nominal commercial levels. The alloys were then tested in cyclic oxidation in static air at temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1150 C at times from 500 to 100 1 hour cycles. Specific weight change with time and X-ray diffraction analyses of the oxidized samples were used to evaluate the alloys. The alloys tend to be either Al2O3/aluminate spinel or Cr2O3/chromite spinel formers depending on the Cr/Al ratio in the alloy. Waspaloy with a ratio of 15:1 is a strong Cr2O3 former while this U-700 with a ratio of 3.33:1 tends to form mostly Cr2O3 while Mar M-247 with a ratio of 1.53:1 is a strong Al2O3 former. The best cyclic oxidation resistance is associated with the Al2O3 formers. The cobalt levels appear to have little effect on the oxidation resistance of the Al2O3/aluminate spinel formers while any tendency to form Cr2O3 is accelerated with increased cobalt levels and leads to increased oxidation attack.

Barrett, C. A.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Electromagnetic containerless reaction of samarium with cobalt for the formation of samarium-cobalt alloys

The electromagnetic levitation technique has been used to obtain nearly stoichiometric SmCo5, with the reaction temperature controlled by a gas jet. The results of several experiments carried out at a 450 kHz, 25 kw RF power levitation facility using different reaction times and cooling rates are presented. It is shown that reaction rates achieved with the levitation technique are larger than the expected diffusion rate in the system liquid samarium-solid cobalt. It is also shown that substantial mixing occurs in the RF-levitated melt.

Chang, C. W.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Oxygen Reduction on Platinum-Nickel and Platinum-Cobalt Alloy Based Catalysts for High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Catalyst layers, with commercial PtNi/TKK (TECNiE52; platinum 46.5 wt%), PtCo/TKK (TEC36E52; platinum 45.8 wt%) catalysts, and an in-house catalyst PtNi-NC (platinum 38.4 wt%), synthesised using acoustic mixer and a tube furnace, are prepared using three different ionomers: 20 wt% Nafion®, 60 wt% polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and an in-house 5 wt% ionomer (‘Ionomer X’). These inks are bar-coated onto carbon paper gas diffusion layers (GDLs), which are cut into 3 cm × 5 cm pieces. The coated layers are tested for oxygen reduction in a commercial gas diffusion electrode (GDE) test cell, FlexCell® (Gaskatel GmbH, Germany), using 85 wt% phosphoric acid at both room temperature and at 155°C. This study evaluates the polynorbornene (PNB)-based in-house ionomer performance as binder and in-house catalyst oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity in comparison to commercial products. The catalyst layers are characterised using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). Among the catalyst layers prepared with PTFE ionomer and tested at 155°C, the in-house catalyst demonstrates the highest ORR activity. Ionomer X proves to be a good candidate to be used as a per- and polyfluoroalkyl-free binder for high-temperature (HT) proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications.

85 wt% phosphoric acid↗
NASA NTRS1957

Influence of Crucible Materials on High-temperature Properties of Vacuum-melted Nickel-chromium-cobalt Alloy

A study of the effect of induction-vacuum-melting procedure on the high-temperature properties of a titanium-and-aluminum-hardened nickel-base alloy revealed that a major variable was the type of ceramic used as a crucible. Reactions between the melt and magnesia or zirconia crucibles apparently increased high-temperature properties by introducing small amounts of boron or zirconium into the melts. Heats melted in alumina crucibles had relatively low rupture life and ductility at 1,600 F and cracked during hot-working as a result of deriving no boron or zirconium from the crucible.

MATERIALS, PROPERTIES - STRESS-RUPTURE↗
NASA NTRS1977

Hot corrosion of S-57, 1 cobalt-base alloy

A cobalt base alloy, S-57, was hot corrosion tested in Mach 0.3 burner rig combustion gases at maximum alloy temperatures of 900 and 1000 C. Various salt concentrations were injected into the burner: 0.5, 2, 5, and 10 ppm synthetic sea salt and 4 ppm sodium sulfate (Na2SO4). S-57 underwent accelerated corrosion only under the most severe test conditions, for example, 4 ppm Na2SO4 at 900 C. The process of the accelerated corrosion was primarily sulfidation.

Santoro, G. J.↗