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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1999

BRN 3.1 Knockouts Affect the Vestibular, Autonomic, and Circadian Rhythm Responses to 2G Exposure

Our previous studies have demonstrated that 2G exposure via centrifugation significantly attenuated the daily mean and circadian rhythm amplitude of rat body temperature (Tb), heart rate, and activity (Act). In addition, 2G exposure activates neural responses in several vestibular, autonomic, and circadian nuclei. Although we have characterized the effect of 2G on an animal's physiological, neuronal, and behavioral responses, it will be important to understand the underlying neural and physiological mechanisms that mediate those responses. For example, the vestibular responses, proprioceptive feedback, or fluid shifts may be the critical factors that mediate the responses to 2G. As a first step to understand the relative importance of these different response pathways to altered gravitational fields, this study examined the contribution of the vestibular system by utilizing an animal model from molecular biology. Brain 3.1 (Bm 3.1) is a POU domain homeobox gene involved in the normal development of the vestibular and auditory system. Brn 3.1 deletion results in a loss of hair cells in the otoliths, semicircular canals, and cochlea. As a result mice with a Brn 3.1 deletion do not have a functioning vestibular or auditory system. The BRN 3.1 knockout mouse could be a very useful animal model for isolating the role of the vestibular system in mediating the physiological responses to 2G exposure. Therefore, this study compared the effect of 2G exposure via centrifugation between Brn 3.1 knockout (KO) versus Wildtype (W) mice.

Murakami, D. M.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on BrN by Materials Project

BrN crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/nmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one BrN sheet oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. N1+ is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Br1- atoms. All N–Br bond lengths are 2.21 Å. Br1- is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four equivalent N1+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1998

The effect of a BRN 3.1 deletion on the temperature response to 2G

Researchers studied the effect of 2G exposure on body temperature in Wild type and BRN 3.1 Knockout mice to determine the feasibility to using BRN 3.1 Knockout mice as an animal model of the effects of altered gravitational fields on vestibular system physiology.

NASA Discipline Neuroscience↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on BrN by Materials Project

BrN is Tetraauricupride structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. N1+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Br1- atoms. All N–Br bond lengths are 2.64 Å. Br1- is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent N1+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on BrN by Materials Project

BrN is Halite, Rock Salt structured and crystallizes in the cubic Fm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. N1+ is bonded to six equivalent Br1- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing NBr6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. All N–Br bond lengths are 2.44 Å. Br1- is bonded to six equivalent N1+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing BrN6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on BrN(OF2)2 by Materials Project

NOOBrF4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four nitroxyl molecules and four OBrF4 clusters. In each OBrF4 cluster, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Br5+ atom. The O–Br bond length is 1.60 Å. Br5+ is bonded in a square pyramidal geometry to one O2- and four F1- atoms. There is two shorter (1.93 Å) and two longer (1.97 Å) Br–F bond length. There are two inequivalent F1- sites. In the first F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Br5+ atom. In the second F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Br5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on K2HgC2S2(BrN)2 by Materials Project

K2HgC2S2(NBr)2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent K1+ sites. In the first K1+ site, K1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four equivalent N3- and two Br1- atoms. There are two shorter (2.97 Å) and two longer (2.98 Å) K–N bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.30 Å) and one longer (3.33 Å) K–Br bond lengths. In the second K1+ site, K1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three equivalent N3- and three equivalent Br1- atoms. All K–N bond lengths are 2.94 Å. All K–Br bond lengths are 3.35 Å. In the third K1+ site, K1+ is bonded in a hexagonal planar geometry to six equivalent Br1- atoms. All K–Br bond lengths are 3.66 Å. Hg2+ is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to two equivalent S2- and two Br1- atoms. Both Hg–S bond lengths are 2.60 Å. There are one shorter (2.68 Å) and one longer (2.73 Å) Hg–Br bond lengths. C4+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one N3- and one S2- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.18 Å. The C–S bond length is 1.65 Å. N3- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to three K1+ and one C4+ atom. S2- is bonded in a water-like geometry to one Hg2+ and one C4+ atom. There are two inequivalent Br1- sites. In the first Br1- site, Br1- is bonded to three K1+ and one Hg2+ atom to form edge-sharing BrK3Hg trigonal pyramids. In the second Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three K1+ and one Hg2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CdH6C(BrN)3 by Materials Project

CdBr3CN3H6 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of four guanidinium molecules and two CdBr3 ribbons oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In each CdBr3 ribbon, Cd2+ is bonded to five Br1- atoms to form edge-sharing CdBr5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Cd–Br bond distances ranging from 2.63–2.93 Å. There are two inequivalent Br1- sites. In the first Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Cd2+ atoms. In the second Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cd2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on MgH6(BrN)2 by Materials Project

MgH6(NBr)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of two MgH6(NBr)2 ribbons oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. Mg2+ is bonded to two N3- and four equivalent Br1- atoms to form edge-sharing MgBr4N2 octahedra. Both Mg–N bond lengths are 2.16 Å. There are two shorter (2.76 Å) and two longer (2.78 Å) Mg–Br bond lengths. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded to one Mg2+ and three H1+ atoms to form distorted corner-sharing NMgH3 tetrahedra. All N–H bond lengths are 1.03 Å. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded to one Mg2+ and three H1+ atoms to form distorted corner-sharing NMgH3 tetrahedra. All N–H bond lengths are 1.03 Å. There are four inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the fourth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. Br1- is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Mg2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CrH9(BrN)3 by Materials Project

CrH6(NBr2)2CrH12(N2Br)2 is Protactinium-like structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of one CrH12(N2Br)2 cluster and one CrH6(NBr2)2 cluster. In the CrH12(N2Br)2 cluster, Cr3+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to four N3- and two equivalent Br1- atoms. There are two shorter (2.13 Å) and two longer (2.14 Å) Cr–N bond lengths. Both Cr–Br bond lengths are 2.49 Å. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Cr3+ and three H1+ atoms. There is one shorter (1.02 Å) and two longer (1.03 Å) N–H bond length. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Cr3+ and three H1+ atoms. All N–H bond lengths are 1.03 Å. There are six inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the fourth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the fifth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the sixth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cr3+ atom. In the CrH6(NBr2)2 cluster, Cr3+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to two equivalent N3- and four Br1- atoms. Both Cr–N bond lengths are 2.12 Å. There are two shorter (2.51 Å) and two longer (2.53 Å) Cr–Br bond lengths. N3- is bonded to one Cr3+ and three H1+ atoms to form distorted corner-sharing NCrH3 tetrahedra. There is one shorter (1.02 Å) and two longer (1.03 Å) N–H bond length. There are three inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. There are two inequivalent Br1- sites. In the first Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cr3+ atom. In the second Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cr3+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SrCa3(BrN)2 by Materials Project

SrCa3(NBr)2 is Caswellsilverite-derived structured and crystallizes in the monoclinic Pm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sr2+ is bonded to three N3- and three Br1- atoms to form distorted SrBr3N3 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent CaBr3N3 octahedra, edges with two equivalent SrBr3N3 octahedra, and edges with six CaBr3N3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–3°. There are two shorter (2.59 Å) and one longer (2.61 Å) Sr–N bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.15 Å) and two longer (3.18 Å) Sr–Br bond lengths. There are three inequivalent Ca2+ sites. In the first Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three N3- and three Br1- atoms. There are one shorter (2.46 Å) and two longer (2.48 Å) Ca–N bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.23 Å) and one longer (3.26 Å) Ca–Br bond lengths. In the second Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded to three N3- and three Br1- atoms to form distorted CaBr3N3 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent SrBr3N3 octahedra, edges with two equivalent SrBr3N3 octahedra, and edges with six CaBr3N3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–3°. There are one shorter (2.47 Å) and two longer (2.48 Å) Ca–N bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.09 Å) and one longer (3.11 Å) Ca–Br bond lengths. In the third Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded to three N3- and three Br1- atoms to form distorted CaBr3N3 octahedra that share edges with four equivalent SrBr3N3 octahedra and edges with six CaBr3N3 octahedra. There are two shorter (2.51 Å) and one longer (2.53 Å) Ca–N bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.13 Å) and two longer (3.15 Å) Ca–Br bond lengths. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded to two equivalent Sr2+ and four Ca2+ atoms to form edge-sharing NSr2Ca4 octahedra. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded to one Sr2+ and five Ca2+ atoms to form edge-sharing NSrCa5 octahedra. There are two inequivalent Br1- sites. In the first Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Sr2+ and four Ca2+ atoms. In the second Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to one Sr2+ and five Ca2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Bi2C3(BrN)9 by Materials Project

CN3C2Bi2(N2Br3)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/m space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of two diaziridinimine molecules and two C2Bi2(N2Br3)3 clusters. In each C2Bi2(N2Br3)3 cluster, C4+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three N+1.22- atoms. There is two shorter (1.34 Å) and one longer (1.41 Å) C–N bond length. Bi4+ is bonded to six Br1- atoms to form distorted face-sharing BiBr6 octahedra. There are a spread of Bi–Br bond distances ranging from 2.67–3.50 Å. There are three inequivalent N+1.22- sites. In the first N+1.22- site, N+1.22- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4+ atom. In the second N+1.22- site, N+1.22- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4+ atom. In the third N+1.22- site, N+1.22- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one C4+ and one Br1- atom. The N–Br bond length is 1.88 Å. There are six inequivalent Br1- sites. In the first Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Bi4+ atoms. In the second Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Bi4+ atoms. In the third Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Bi4+ atom. In the fourth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Bi4+ and one N+1.22- atom. In the fifth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Bi4+ atom. In the sixth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a distorted L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Bi4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cd(BrN)2 by Materials Project

NCdN(Br)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmmm space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four hydrobromic acid molecules and two NCdN clusters. In each NCdN cluster, Cd2+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent N3- atoms. Both Cd–N bond lengths are 2.57 Å. N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cd2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cu(BrN)2 by Materials Project

CuN2Br2 is Cyanogen Chloride-like structured and crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of two copper;azanide molecules and four hydrobromic acid molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Fe(BrN)2 by Materials Project

FeN2(Br)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbam space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four hydrobromic acid molecules and two FeN2 clusters. In each FeN2 cluster, Fe2+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent N3- atoms. Both Fe–N bond lengths are 1.70 Å. N3- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Fe2+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cu3(BrN)4 by Materials Project

(Cu)2CuN4(Br)4 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four cuprum molecules, eight hydrobromic acid molecules, and two nsc1302 molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn(BrN)2 by Materials Project

(N2)Zn(Br)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Imma space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four diaminozinc molecules and eight hydrobromic acid molecules.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Crystal structure of brimonidine hydrogen tartrate, (C 11 H 11 BrN 5 )(HC 4 H 4 O 6 )

The crystal structure of brimonidine hydrogen tartrate has been solved and refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data and optimized using density functional techniques. Brimonidine hydrogen tartrate crystallizes in space groupP2 1 (#4) witha= 7.56032(2),b= 7.35278(2),c= 30.10149(9) Å,β= 90.1992(2)°,V= 1673.312(10) Å 3 , andZ= 4 at 295 K. The crystal structure consists of alternating layers of cations and anions parallel to theab-plane. Each of the hydrogen tartrate anions is linked to itself by very strong charge-assisted O–H⋯O hydrogen bonds into chains along thea-axis. Each hydroxyl group of each tartrate acts as a donor in an O–H⋯O or O–H⋯N hydrogen bond. One of these is intramolecular, but the other three are intermolecular. These hydrogen bonds link the hydrogen tartrate anions into layers parallel to theab-plane and also link the anion–cation layers. The protonated N atoms act as donors in N–H⋯O or N–H⋯N hydrogen bonds to the carboxyl groups of the tartrates and to a ring nitrogen atom. These link the cations and anions, as well as providing cation–cation links. The amino N atoms of the cations form N–H⋯O hydrogen bonds to hydroxyl groups of the anions. The powder pattern has been submitted to ICDD for inclusion in the Powder Diffraction File™ (PDF®)

Materials Science↗