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At least 19 records

Production Facility Prototype Blower 1000 Hour Test Results

The roots blower in use at ANL for in-beam experiments and also at LANL for flow tests was sized for 12 mm diameter disks and significantly less beam heating. Currently, the disks are 29 mm in diameter, with a 12 mm FWHM Gaussian beam spot at 42 MeV and 2.86 μA on each side of the target, 5.72 μA total. The target design itself is reported elsewhere. With the increased beam heating, the helium flow requirement increased so that a larger blower was needed for a mass flow rate of 400 g/s at 2.76 MPa (400 psig). An Aerzen GM 12.4 blower was selected, and is now installed at the LANL facility for target and component flow testing. Two extended tests of >1000 hr operation have been completed. Those results and discussion thereof are reported herein. Also included in Appendix A is the detailed description of the blower and its installation, while Appendix B documents the pressure vessel design analysis. The blower has been operated for 1000 hours as a preliminary investigation of long-term performance, operation and possible maintenance issues. The blower performed well, with no significant change in blower head or mass flow rate developed under the operating conditions. Upon inspection, some oil had leaked out of the shaft seal of the blower. The shaft seal and bearing race have been replaced. Test results and conclusions are in Appendix B.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

Production Facility Prototype Blower Installation Report with 1000 Hour Test Results

The roots blower in use at ANL for in-beam experiments and also at LANL for flow tests was sized for 12 mm diameter disks and significantly less beam heating. Currently, the disks are 29 mm in diameter, with a 12 mm FWHM Gaussian beam spot at 42 MeV and 2.86 μA on each side of the target, 5.72 μA total. The target design itself is reported elsewhere. With the increased beam heating, the helium flow requirement increased so that a larger blower was needed for a mass flow rate of 400 g/s at 2.76 MPa (400 psig). An Aerzen GM 12.4 blower was selected, and is currently being installed at the LANL facility for target and component flow testing. This report describes this blower/motor/pressure vessel package and the status of the facility preparations. The blower has been operated for 1000 hours as a preliminary investigation of long term performance, operation and possible maintenance issues. The blower performed well, with no significant change in blower head or mass flow rate developed under the operating conditions. Upon inspection, some oil had leaked out of the shaft seal of the blower. The shaft seal and bearing race have been replaced. Test results and conclusions are reported.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

Production Facility Prototype Blower Installation Report with 1000 Hr Test Results

The roots blower in use at ANL for in-beam experiments and also at LANL for flow tests was sized for 12 mm diameter disks and significantly less beam heating. Currently, the disks are 29 mm in diameter, with a 12 mm FWHM Gaussian beam spot at 42 MeV and 2.86 μA on each side of the target, 5.72 μA total. The target design itself is reported elsewhere. With the increased beam heating, the helium flow requirement increased so that a larger blower was needed for a mass flow rate of 400 g/s at 2.76 MPa (400 psig). An Aerzen GM 12.4 blower was selected, and is currently being installed at the LANL facility for target and component flow testing. This report describes this blower/motor/pressure vessel package and the status of the facility preparations. The blower has been operated for 1000 hours as a preliminary investigation of long-term performance, operation and possible maintenance issues. The blower performed well, with no significant change in blower head or mass flow rate developed under the operating conditions. Upon inspection, some oil had leaked out of the shaft seal of the blower. The shaft seal and bearing race have been replaced.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

Production Facility Prototype Blower 1000 Hour Test Results IV

Long duration operations tests of the Aerzen GM 12.4 roots style blower in a closed loop configuration provides valuable data and lessons learned for long-term operation at the Mo-99 production facility. The blower was operated in a closed loop configuration with the flow conditions anticipated in plant operation with a Mo-100 target inline. The additional thermal energy generated from beam heating of the Mo-100 disks was not included in these tests. Twelve long duration 500 to 1000 hour tests have been completed since the first test was performed in January of 2016. All twelve long duration tests have proven successful in exposing preventable issues related to oil and helium leaks. All blower tests to this date have resulted in stable blower performance and consistency. A summary of the results for the end of the ninth test to the twelfth test is included in this report. Complete details for the previous tests are shown in the reports, Production Facility Prototype Blower 1000 Hour Test Results, II, and III.

42 ENGINEERING↗

Production Facility Prototype Blower 1000 Hour Test Results V

Long duration operations tests of the Aerzen GM 12.4 roots style blower in a closed loop configuration provides valuable data and lessons learned for long-term operation at the Mo-99 production facility. The blower was operated in a closed loop configuration with the flow conditions anticipated in plant operation with a Mo-100 target inline. The additional thermal energy generated from beam heating of the Mo-100 disks was not included in these tests. Thirteen long duration 500 to 1000 hour tests have been completed since the first test was performed in January of 2016. All thirteen long duration tests have proven successful in exposing preventable issues related to oil and helium leaks. All blower tests to this date have resulted in stable blower performance and consistency. A summary of the results for the end of the thirteenth test is included in this report. Complete details for the previous tests are shown in the reports, Production Facility Prototype Blower 1000 Hour Test Results, II, III, and IV.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Fuel cell system blower configuration

An exemplary fuel cell system includes a cell stack assembly having a plurality of cathode components and a plurality of anode components. A first reactant blower has an outlet situated to provide a first reactant to the cathode components. A second reactant blower has an outlet situated to provide a second reactant to the anode components. The second reactant blower includes a fan portion that moves the second reactant through the outlet. The second reactant blower also includes a motor portion that drives the fan portion and a bearing portion associated with the fan portion and the motor portion. The motor portion has a motor coolant inlet coupled with the outlet of the first reactant blower to receive some of the first reactant for cooling the motor portion.

42 ENGINEERING↗

Ultra High Temperature Anode Recycle Blower for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (Phase I Final Report)

Under funding from DOE Award DE-FE0031148, Mohawk Innovative Technology, Inc. (MITI) has successfully developed, integrated and tested a prototype ultrahigh speed oil-free blower for use as an Ultra High Temperature Anode Recycle Blower (UHT-ARCB) in a 100 kWe Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). MITI’s recycle blower design is hermetically sealed, and features a completely encapsulated permanent magnet motor, which allows it to handle the steam-rich anode recycle gas mixture. At the SOFC’s nominal operating condition, the MITI ARCB rotates at approximately 55000 rpm, raises the pressure of the incoming 621 °C gas from 104 to 112 kPa, and uses less than 1.2 kWe at a rate of approximately 30 g/s. The UHT-ARCB’s thermal management uses the incoming natural gas supply for the SOFC as cooling medium for bearings, seals and motor magnet, along with a water jacket for motor housing cooling to prevent the high temperature gas from affecting the bearing/motor assembly. MITI’s development of this UHT-ARCB will contribute to a reduction of cost and overall balance of plant (BOP) of SOFC systems. The UHT-ARCB recirculates a fraction of the depleted anode exhaust to the fuel-cell inlet. Direct recycling of anode off-gas takes advantage of the water already present in the stream to assist the methane reforming process and inhibit carbon deposition, without the need for an external water supply.

30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION↗

Production Facility Prototype Blower 1000 Hour Test Results II

Long duration tests of the Aerzen GM 12.4 roots style blower in a closed loop configuration provides valuable data and lessons learned for long-term operation at the Mo-99 production facility. The blower was operated in a closed loop configuration with the flow conditions anticipated in plant operation with a Mo-100 target inline. The additional thermal energy generated from beam heating of the Mo-100 disks were not included in these tests. Five 1000 hour tests have been completed since the first test was performed in January of 2016. All five 1000 hour tests have proven successful in exposing preventable issues related to oil and helium leaks. All blower tests to this date have resulted in stable blower performance and consistency. A summary of the results for each test, including a review of the first and second tests, are included in this report.

42 ENGINEERING↗

Blower-door techniques for measuring interzonal leakage

Abstract The standard blower door test methods, such as ASTM E779, describe how to use a single blower door to determine the total leakage of a single-zone structure such as a detached single-family home. There are no standard test methods for measuring interzonal leakage in a two-zone or multi-zone building envelope such as might be encountered in with an attached garage or in a multifamily building. Some practitioners have been using techniques that involve making multiple measurements with a single blower door as well as combined measurements using multiple blower doors. Even for just two zones there are dozens of combinations of one-door and two-door test protocols that could conceivably be used to determine the interzonal air tightness. We examined many of these two-zone configurations using both simulation and measured data to estimate the accuracy and precision of each technique for realistic measurement scenarios. We also considered the impact of taking measurements at a single pressure versus over multiple pressures. We compared the various techniques and evaluated them for specific uses. Some techniques work better in one leakage regime; some are more sensitive to wind and other noise; some are more suited to determining only a subset of the leakage values. This paper makes recommendations on which techniques to use or not use for various cases and provides data that could be used to develop future test methods.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗

Building America Top Innovations 2013 Profile – High-Performance Furnace Blowers

This Top Innovations profile describes Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's work with furnace blower design that led to the creation of a standard for rating blowers, credits for the use of good blowers in Federal tax credit programs and energy codes, and consideration in current federal rulemaking procedures.

air conditioner↗

Production Facility Prototype Blower Installation Report

The roots blower in use at ANL for in-beam experiments and also at LANL for flow tests was sized for 12 mm diameter disks and significantly less beam heating. Currently, the disks are 29 mm in diameter, with a 12 mm FWHM Gaussian beam spot at 42 MeV and 2.86 μA on each side of the target, 5.72 μA total. The target design itself is reported elsewhere. With the increased beam heating, the helium flow requirement increased so that a larger blower was need for a mass flow rate of 400 g/s at 2.76 MPa (400 psig). An Aerzen GM 12.4 blower was selected, and is currently being installed at the LANL facility for target and component flow testing. This report describes this blower/motor/ppressure vessel package and the status of the facility preparations.

42 ENGINEERING↗

Retrofit device to improve vapor compression cooling system performance by dynamic blower speed modulation

A device and method are provided to improve performance of a vapor compression system using a retrofittable control board to start up the vapor compression system with the evaporator blower initially set to a high speed. A baseline evaporator operating temperature with the evaporator blower operating at the high speed is recorded, and then the device detects if a predetermined acceptable change in evaporator temperature has occurred. The evaporator blower speed is reduced from the initially set high speed as long as there is only a negligible change in the measured evaporator temperature and therefore a negligible difference in the compressor's power consumption so as to obtain a net increase in the Coefficient of Performance.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

Energy efficiency of blower heater non-purge compressed air dryers

This research focuses on twin tower regenerative closed loop desiccant dryers, specifically: blower heater non-purge (BHNP) with and without cooling water pumps, compressed-air heater purge (CHP), blower heater purge (BHP) and pressure swing heaterless (PSH). The research was conducted by collecting and analysing real time current draw data on air compressors and associated dryers at eight different facilities (13 air compressors) in terms of energy, power and cost. A decision tool was developed to depict the operational characteristics (power, energy and cost) of each type of dryer if used in conjunction with the selected compressor system. Finally, this research, on an equivalent normalised basis, compared and contrasted the different types of dryers in terms of performance and cost. Here, the research concluded that of the five types of desiccant dryer types observed the most energy efficient was the BHNP (with cooling water pump), subject to the operational conditions.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

Production Facility Prototype Blower 1000 Hour Test Results III

Long duration operations tests of the Aerzen GM 12.4 roots style blower in a closed loop configuration provides valuable data and lessons learned for long-term operation at the Mo-99 production facility. The blower was operated in a closed loop configuration with the flow conditions anticipated in plant operation with a Mo-100 target inline. The additional thermal energy generated from beam heating of the Mo-100 disks was not included in these tests. Eight long duration 500 and 1000 hour tests have been completed since the first test was performed in January of 2016. All eight long duration tests have proven successful in exposing preventable issues related to oil and helium leaks.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗

DEVELOPMENT OF OIL FREE CENTRIFUGAL BLOWER AS ENABLING TECHNOLOGY FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL ANODE GAS RECYCLING

Broad commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), requires anode offgas recycle blowers (AORB) that are specifically designed for handling the challenging operating conditions presented by the SOFC process gases. Otherwise, they can be susceptible to frequent maintenance, low reliability, and short life. This work presents details of the development and testing of an oil-free, low cost centrifugal AORB based on compliant foil bearing (CFB) technology for support of a 100 kW solid oxide fuel cell power plant. The advantages of this novel technology are discussed, particularly its long life and maintenance-free operation, which are derived from the use of CFBs. Also included are preliminary techno-economic analysis considerations for cost-effective deployment of the technology.

03 NATURAL GAS↗

High Temperature Anode Recycle Blower for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Phase II (Final Report)

Broad commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) requires anode offgas recycle blowers (ARCB) that are specifically designed for handling the challenging operating conditions presented by the SOFC process gases. Otherwise, they can be susceptible to frequent maintenance, low reliability, and short life. This report presents details of a DOE-funded Phase II effort conducted by Mohawk Innovative Technology, Inc. (MiTi®) for the development and testing of an oil-free, low cost, high-temperature centrifugal ARCB based on compliant foil bearing (CFB) technology for support of a 100 kW solid oxide fuel cell power plant. This Phase II builds on the results of a successful Phase I development project that resulted in the demonstration of a low TRL-6 prototype, shown in Figure 1. This Phase II final report presents design improvements over the Phase I prototype, presents the assembled test ARCBs, and discusses the advantages of this novel technology, particularly its long life and maintenance-free operation, which are derived from the use of CFBs. Also included are preliminary techno-economic analysis considerations for cost-effective deployment of the technology. The specific objectives of this project, as stated in the statement of program objectives (SOPO) were 1) to follow the methodology of design for manufacturing (or manufacturability) and assembly for implementing improvements identified as part of the Phase I effort with the purpose of reducing cost, enabling mass production, and facilitating the commercialization of a revised ARCB design, and 2) to fabricate four complete ARCB units based on the revised design and demonstrating their performance in both a laboratory setting and in an actual SOFC power plant. Execution of this SOPO would be supported by a number of technical tasks resulting in the fabrication and testing of the prototypes. To this end, MiTi continued the teaming relationship started during Phase I of the program with subcontracting partner FuelCell Energy, Inc. (FCE), which integrated (under a parallel effort funded by DOE Award DE-FE0026199) a modular 200 kWe SOFC power plant. MiTi and FCE coordinated to ultimately incorporate one of MiTi’s ARCB prototypes into one of the 100 kWe SOFC Modular Power Blocks (MPB) that constitute the core of FCE’s SOFC power plant for in-situ long-duration testing. Additionally, MiTi would explore the scalability and extendibility of the technology to other applications, as well as conduct a basic techno-economic analysis.

03 NATURAL GAS↗