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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Strengthening of nanocrystalline Al using grain boundary solute additions: Effects of thermal annealing and ion irradiation

Strengthening of nanocrystalline Al by grain boundary solute additions was investigated for a series of dilute aluminum alloys, Al-Sc, Al-Sb, Al-Cr, and Al-W with grain sizes in the range of 50–200 nm. Thermal annealing of the alloys at low temperatures led to alloy softening, but with negligible change in the grain size. The re- duction in strength can be attributed to the loss of solute in the grain boundaries arising from grain boundary diffusion and precipitation. Annealing at higher temperatures led to grain growth, but with little additional loss of strength, a result of precipitation hardening. The Al-Sc and Al-Sb alloys were additionally subjected to ion irradiation at various temperatures. Furthermore, these studies revealed that annealed samples regained their hardness due to solute redistribution by ion beam mixing. Alloy strength was independent of grain size between 50 and 150 nms. Irradiation-induced segregation of Sb to grain boundaries in Al-Sb further enhanced strengthening.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sc3Al by Materials Project

Sc3Al is Uranium Silicide structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sc is bonded to eight equivalent Sc and four equivalent Al atoms to form ScSc8Al4 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent ScSc8Al4 cuboctahedra, edges with eight equivalent AlSc12 cuboctahedra, edges with sixteen equivalent ScSc8Al4 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent AlSc12 cuboctahedra, and faces with fourteen equivalent ScSc8Al4 cuboctahedra. All Sc–Sc bond lengths are 3.13 Å. All Sc–Al bond lengths are 3.13 Å. Al is bonded to twelve equivalent Sc atoms to form AlSc12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent AlSc12 cuboctahedra, edges with twenty-four equivalent ScSc8Al4 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent AlSc12 cuboctahedra, and faces with twelve equivalent ScSc8Al4 cuboctahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on ScAl3 by Materials Project

Al3Sc is Uranium Silicide-like structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sc is bonded to twelve Al atoms to form ScAl12 cuboctahedra that share corners with four equivalent ScAl12 cuboctahedra, edges with eight equivalent ScAl12 cuboctahedra, edges with sixteen equivalent AlSc4Al8 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent ScAl12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent AlSc4Al8 cuboctahedra. There are four shorter (2.85 Å) and eight longer (2.99 Å) Sc–Al bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded to four equivalent Sc and eight Al atoms to form AlSc4Al8 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent AlSc4Al8 cuboctahedra, edges with eight equivalent ScAl12 cuboctahedra, edges with eight equivalent AlSc4Al8 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent ScAl12 cuboctahedra, and faces with ten equivalent AlSc4Al8 cuboctahedra. There are four shorter (2.85 Å) and four longer (2.99 Å) Al–Al bond lengths. In the second Al site, Al is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Sc and eight equivalent Al atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗