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DOE OSTI2024

Hypereutectic Al-Ce-X (X=Mn, Cr, V, Mo, W) alloys fabricated by laser powder-bed fusion

Here, we characterize the microstructures and high-temperature mechanical properties of Al-2Ce and ternary Al-2Ce-1X (at.%) alloys fabricated by laser powder-bed fusion (LPBF), where X = Mn, Cr, V, Mo, and W are slow-diffusing transition metals. All ternary alloys show a hypereutectic microstructure in the as-LPBF state, containing an interconnected network of eutectic Al 11 Ce 3 phases (~10 vol.%) and an additional population of submicron, equiaxed Al 20 CeX 2 primary precipitates (~10 vol.%) which are isomorphous among these five alloys. Similar microstructures are present in arc-melted rods and atomized powders but are coarser due to the slower cooling rates in these processes. The hardness of the as-LPBF ternary Al-Ce-X alloys (1300–1400 MPa) is higher than that of the binary Al-Ce alloy (~1100 MPa) due to the higher volume fraction of strengthening phases. Furthermore, during exposure at 400 °C for up to three months, greater hardness retention is achieved in the ternary Al-Ce-X alloys (65–75%) than in the binary Al-Ce alloy (~55%), which is attributed to the extreme coarsening resistance of the Al 20 CeX 2 precipitates imparted by the very slow-diffusing ternary solute. These coarsening-resistant Al 20 CeX 2 precipitates also substantially improve alloy creep resistance, increasing the threshold stress for dislocation creep at 300°C from ~32 MPa for the binary Al-Ce alloy to ~77–100 MPa for the ternary Al-Ce-X alloys, and at 400°C from <10 MPa for the binary Al-Ce alloy to >40 MPa for the ternary Al-Ce-V alloy.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ce(Al10V)2 by Materials Project

CeV2Al20 crystallizes in the cubic Fd-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ce is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to sixteen Al atoms. There are four shorter (3.15 Å) and twelve longer (3.21 Å) Ce–Al bond lengths. V is bonded to twelve Al atoms to form VAl12 cuboctahedra that share corners with six equivalent VAl12 cuboctahedra, edges with eighteen equivalent AlCeAl10V cuboctahedra, and faces with six equivalent AlCeAl10V cuboctahedra. There are six shorter (2.58 Å) and six longer (2.82 Å) V–Al bond lengths. There are three inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to two equivalent V and ten Al atoms. There are a spread of Al–Al bond distances ranging from 2.72–2.86 Å. In the second Al site, Al is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent Ce and twelve equivalent Al atoms. All Al–Al bond lengths are 3.10 Å. In the third Al site, Al is bonded to one Ce, one V, and ten Al atoms to form distorted AlCeAl10V cuboctahedra that share corners with fifteen equivalent AlCeAl10V cuboctahedra, edges with two equivalent AlCeAl10V cuboctahedra, edges with three equivalent VAl12 cuboctahedra, a faceface with one VAl12 cuboctahedra, and faces with fifteen equivalent AlCeAl10V cuboctahedra. There are a spread of Al–Al bond distances ranging from 2.71–2.93 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗