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6 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Combining solution-, precipitation- and load-transfer strengthening in a cast Al-Ce-Mn- Sc -Zr alloy

Here, a cast Al-9Ce-0.75Mn-0.18Sc-0.12Zr (wt%) alloy is designed to combine three strengthening phases: (i) micron-scale Al 11 Ce 3 platelets formed during eutectic solidification, (ii) nano-scale L1 2 -Al 3 (Sc,Zr) precipitates formed during aging, and (iii) Mn in solid solution in the α-Al matrix. Microstructural analyses by SEM, TEM, and atom-probe tomography reveal that Mn remains in solid solution in the as-cast alloy, providing solution strengthening with no influence on the eutectic Al-Al 11 Ce 3 microstructure, which provides precipitation- and load-transfer strengthening. During long-term over-aging at 400 °C, Mn-rich precipitates grow at the Al-Al 11 Ce 3 interface, with no effect on the microhardness. However, after short aging at 350 °C, a high number density of fine L1 2 -Al 3 (Sc,Zr) nanoprecipitates form in the Al matrix (with a coarser size at the Al-Al 11 Ce 3 interface), providing precipitation strengthening. The synergistic combination of the three strengthening mechanisms (solution, precipitation, and load transfer) in our Al-Ce-Mn-Sc-Zr alloy results in higher microhardness after aging at 350 and 400 °C, and higher creep resistance at 300 °C, as compared to alloys with two strengthening mechanisms: an Al-10Ce-0.93Mn control alloy (without precipitation strengthening from Sc and Zr), Al-Ce-Sc-Zr (without solution strengthening from Mn), and Al-Mn-Zr-Er (without load-transfer strengthening from Ce). Furthermore, these dual-strengthened alloys are more creep resistant than alloys with a single strengthening mechanism (Al-Ce, Al-Mn, and Al-Sc-Zr), confirming that the three mechanisms can be combined in pairs or all together.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Heterogeneous phase transformation pathways in additively manufactured Al-Ce-Mn alloys

Heat treatment of additively manufactured Al-Ce based multicomponent alloys leads to complex microstructure evolution. In this research, the ability to extend the phase transformation theories involving nucleation of a product phase from a heterogeneous multi-phase microstructure typical to that of additively manufactured samples is explored. The Al-10Ce-8Mn (wt%) was used as a model alloy system. Under additive manufacturing conditions different solidification microstructures were obtained due to spatial and temporal variations of thermal gradients (G) and liquid-solid interface velocities (R) within a given melt pool. Near the melt pool boundary (high G and low R, referred as MPB region), initially, Al 20 Mn 2 Ce forms from the liquid followed by a eutectic of FCC Al and Al 11 Ce 3 . In the melt pool interiors (low G and high R referred as ES region) a eutectic structure between FCC Al and Al 20 Mn 2 Ce is observed. During subsequent heat treatments, the MPB and ES regions transform into different sets of microstructures. In the MPB region, a fine globular microstructure containing FCC Al, Al 11 Ce 3 , Al 6 Mn, and Al 12 Mn results from the decomposition of Al 20 Mn 2 Ce. In the ES region a faceted Al 51 Mn 7 Ce 4 plate phase results from the decomposition of Al 20 Mn 2 Ce. The formation of the Al 51 Mn 7 Ce 4 phase within the eutectic microstructure at the boundaries of FCC Al and Al 20 Mn 2 Ce has not been reported in the literature. Further, these two distinct phase transformation pathways are rationalized based on the role of driving force on the nucleation of (Al 6 Mn) and/or metastable intermetallic (Al 51 Mn 7 Ce 4 ) phases at the interface of aluminum (FCC) and the non-equilibrium intermetallic (Al 20 Mn 2 Ce) phases.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ce(MnAl2)4 by Materials Project

CeMn4Al8 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ce is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Mn and twelve Al atoms. All Ce–Mn bond lengths are 3.38 Å. There are four shorter (3.01 Å) and eight longer (3.27 Å) Ce–Al bond lengths. Mn is bonded to two equivalent Ce, two equivalent Mn, and eight Al atoms to form distorted MnCe2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra that share corners with eight equivalent AlCe2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra, corners with ten equivalent MnCe2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra, edges with four equivalent MnCe2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra, edges with four equivalent AlCe2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent MnCe2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent AlCe2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra. Both Mn–Mn bond lengths are 2.58 Å. There are four shorter (2.57 Å) and four longer (2.68 Å) Mn–Al bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to one Ce, four equivalent Mn, and five Al atoms. There are a spread of Al–Al bond distances ranging from 2.78–2.83 Å. In the second Al site, Al is bonded to two equivalent Ce, four equivalent Mn, and six Al atoms to form distorted AlCe2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra that share corners with eight equivalent MnCe2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra, corners with ten equivalent AlCe2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra, edges with three equivalent AlCe2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra, edges with four equivalent MnCe2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra, faces with seven equivalent AlCe2Mn4Al6 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent MnCe2Mn2Al8 cuboctahedra. Both Al–Al bond lengths are 2.82 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ce2Mn3Al by Materials Project

Ce2Mn3Al is Hexagonal Laves-derived structured and crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mmc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ce is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Ce, nine equivalent Mn, and three equivalent Al atoms. There are one shorter (3.03 Å) and three longer (3.33 Å) Ce–Ce bond lengths. There are six shorter (3.09 Å) and three longer (3.11 Å) Ce–Mn bond lengths. All Ce–Al bond lengths are 3.17 Å. Mn is bonded to six equivalent Ce, four equivalent Mn, and two equivalent Al atoms to form MnCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra that share corners with four equivalent AlCe6Mn6 cuboctahedra, corners with fourteen equivalent MnCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra, edges with six equivalent MnCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent AlCe6Mn6 cuboctahedra, and faces with twelve equivalent MnCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra. There are two shorter (2.62 Å) and two longer (2.76 Å) Mn–Mn bond lengths. Both Mn–Al bond lengths are 2.65 Å. Al is bonded to six equivalent Ce and six equivalent Mn atoms to form AlCe6Mn6 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent MnCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra, edges with six equivalent AlCe6Mn6 cuboctahedra, faces with two equivalent AlCe6Mn6 cuboctahedra, and faces with eighteen equivalent MnCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ce2Mn7Al10 by Materials Project

Al10Ce2Mn7 crystallizes in the monoclinic Cm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Ce sites. In the first Ce site, Ce is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to ten Mn and nine Al atoms. There are a spread of Ce–Mn bond distances ranging from 3.18–3.43 Å. There are a spread of Ce–Al bond distances ranging from 3.02–3.19 Å. In the second Ce site, Ce is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to five Mn and eleven Al atoms. There are a spread of Ce–Mn bond distances ranging from 3.17–3.49 Å. There are a spread of Ce–Al bond distances ranging from 3.10–3.41 Å. There are five inequivalent Mn sites. In the first Mn site, Mn is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to one Ce, three Mn, and seven Al atoms. There are a spread of Mn–Mn bond distances ranging from 2.49–2.61 Å. There are a spread of Mn–Al bond distances ranging from 2.52–2.69 Å. In the second Mn site, Mn is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to one Ce, two equivalent Mn, and eight Al atoms. Both Mn–Mn bond lengths are 2.50 Å. There are a spread of Mn–Al bond distances ranging from 2.54–2.74 Å. In the third Mn site, Mn is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to three Ce, four Mn, and five Al atoms. Both Mn–Mn bond lengths are 2.64 Å. There are two shorter (2.60 Å) and three longer (2.61 Å) Mn–Al bond lengths. In the fourth Mn site, Mn is bonded to three Ce, three Mn, and six Al atoms to form distorted MnCe3Mn3Al6 cuboctahedra that share corners with two equivalent MnCe3Mn3Al6 cuboctahedra, corners with five equivalent AlCe3Mn4Al5 cuboctahedra, an edgeedge with one AlCe3Mn4Al5 cuboctahedra, edges with four MnCe3Mn3Al6 cuboctahedra, faces with two equivalent AlCe3Mn4Al5 cuboctahedra, and faces with four MnCe3Mn3Al6 cuboctahedra. There are a spread of Mn–Al bond distances ranging from 2.61–2.70 Å. In the fifth Mn site, Mn is bonded to three Ce, two equivalent Mn, and seven Al atoms to form distorted MnCe3Mn2Al7 cuboctahedra that share corners with two equivalent MnCe3Mn2Al7 cuboctahedra, corners with six equivalent AlCe3Mn4Al5 cuboctahedra, edges with four equivalent MnCe3Mn3Al6 cuboctahedra, faces with two equivalent AlCe3Mn4Al5 cuboctahedra, and faces with four equivalent MnCe3Mn3Al6 cuboctahedra. There are a spread of Mn–Al bond distances ranging from 2.62–2.67 Å. There are six inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to one Ce, six Mn, and five Al atoms. There are a spread of Al–Al bond distances ranging from 2.88–3.01 Å. In the second Al site, Al is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to one Ce, four Mn, and seven Al atoms. There are a spread of Al–Al bond distances ranging from 2.73–3.08 Å. In the third Al site, Al is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to two Ce, five Mn, and five Al atoms. There are a spread of Al–Al bond distances ranging from 2.66–2.72 Å. In the fourth Al site, Al is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to two Ce, five Mn, and three Al atoms. There are one shorter (2.76 Å) and one longer (2.77 Å) Al–Al bond lengths. In the fifth Al site, Al is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to two Ce, four Mn, and six Al atoms. There are a spread of Al–Al bond distances ranging from 2.62–2.69 Å. In the sixth Al site, Al is bonded to three Ce, four Mn, and five Al atoms to form distorted AlCe3Mn4Al5 cuboctahedra that share corners with two equivalent AlCe3Mn4Al5 cuboctahedra, corners with eight MnCe3Mn3Al6 cuboctahedra, an edgeedge with one MnCe3Mn3Al6 cuboctahedra, edges with two equivalent AlCe3Mn4Al5 cuboctahedra, faces with two equivalent AlCe3Mn4Al5 cuboctahedra, and faces with three MnCe3Mn3Al6 cuboctahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CeMnAl by Materials Project

CeMnAl is Cubic Laves-derived structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Imma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ce is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Ce, six equivalent Mn, and six equivalent Al atoms. There are two shorter (3.21 Å) and two longer (3.46 Å) Ce–Ce bond lengths. There are two shorter (3.05 Å) and four longer (3.24 Å) Ce–Mn bond lengths. There are four shorter (3.19 Å) and two longer (3.24 Å) Ce–Al bond lengths. Mn is bonded to six equivalent Ce, two equivalent Mn, and four equivalent Al atoms to form MnCe6Mn2Al4 cuboctahedra that share corners with eight equivalent AlCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra, corners with ten equivalent MnCe6Mn2Al4 cuboctahedra, edges with six equivalent MnCe6Mn2Al4 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent MnCe6Mn2Al4 cuboctahedra, and faces with twelve equivalent AlCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra. Both Mn–Mn bond lengths are 2.76 Å. All Mn–Al bond lengths are 2.71 Å. Al is bonded to six equivalent Ce, four equivalent Mn, and two equivalent Al atoms to form AlCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra that share corners with eight equivalent MnCe6Mn2Al4 cuboctahedra, corners with ten equivalent AlCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra, edges with six equivalent AlCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent AlCe6Mn4Al2 cuboctahedra, and faces with twelve equivalent MnCe6Mn2Al4 cuboctahedra. Both Al–Al bond lengths are 2.74 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗