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At least 1,765 records · Page 98

User Instructions for the CiderF Individual Dose Code and Associated Utility Codes

Historical activities at facilities producing nuclear materials for weapons released radioactivity into the air and water. Past studies in the United States have evaluated the release, atmospheric transport and environmental accumulation of 131I from the nuclear facilities at Hanford in Washington State and the resulting dose to members of the public (Farris et al. 1994). A multi-year dose reconstruction effort (Mokrov et al. 2004) is also being conducted to produce representative dose estimates for members of the public living near Mayak, Russia, from atmospheric releases of 131I at the facilities of the Mayak Production Association.

CiderF↗

Three-dimensional modeling: communicating risk to inform site cleanup priorities - 15238

Three-dimensional waste site models are being created at the Department of Energy's Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State as an important visualization tool for risk communication and remediation planning. When concluded, the user will have a detailed, three-dimensional subsurface view of waste sites, pipelines and facilities located in the Central Plateau portion of the site with respect to a hydrogeologic solids model of the area. This will enhance communication between the site contractor and primary points of contact, such as the government and the public. It will also allow users to plan for future projects to be completed on-site. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

An Optical Streaking Method for Measuring Femtosecond Electron Bunches

The measurement of the ultra-short electron bunch length on the femtosecond time scale constitutes a very challenging problem. In the x-ray free electron laser facilities such as the Linac Coherent Light Source, generation of a sub-ten femtoseconds electron beam with 20pC charge is possible, but direct measurements are very difficult due to the resolution limit of the present diagnostics. We propose a new method here based on the measurement of the electron beam energy modulation induced from laser-electron interaction in a short wiggler. A typical optical streaking method requires a laser wavelength much longer than the electron bunch length. In this paper a laser with its wavelength shorter than the electron bunch length has been adopted, while the slope on the laser intensity envelope is used to distinguish the different periods. With this technique it is possible to reconstruct the bunch longitudinal profile from a single shot measurement. Generation of ultrashort x-ray pulses at femtoseconds (fs) scale is of great interest within synchrotron radiation and free electron laser (FEL) user community. One of the simple methods is to operate the FEL facility at low charge. At the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), we have demonstrated the capability of generating ultrashort electron-beam (e-beam) with a duration of less than 10 fs fwhm using 20 pC charge. The x-ray pulses have been delivered to the x-ray users with a similar or even shorter pulse duration. However, The measurement of such short electron or x-ray pulse length at the fs time-scale constitutes a challenging problem. A standard method using an S-band radio-frequency (rf) transverse deflector has been established at LCLS, which works like a streak camera for electrons and is capable of resolving bunch lengths as short as 25 fs fwhm. With this device, the electrons are transversely deflected by the high-frequency time-variation of the deflecting fields. Increasing the deflecting voltage and rf frequency are the right direction to achieve a better resolution. For example, by choosing an X-band transverse deflecting cavity, the expected resolution for LCLS beam with 4.3 GeV is about 1 fs rms. Typically the rf breakdown threshold and the power source availability prevent going to even higher voltage and frequency. With the highly-developed laser techniques, we can choose to streak the beam at optical frequencies. By jumping from rf to optical frequency, the wavelength is shortening by 4 to 5 orders. With an electron bunch length shorter than half period of the laser, we can apply the similar rf deflecting or zero-phasing method for e-beam bunch length measurements using a high-power laser. A short wiggler is required to provide interaction between the electron and the laser. For example, to measure the e-beam at the order of 1 m rms length, a laser with its wavelength of 10 {mu}m may be considered. For a typical few GeV e-beam, the wiggler period has to be large to satisfy the resonance condition. Also, if the e-beam is longer than one laser period, the different modulation periods will overlap and we cannot distinguish them. So this method is so far limited by the achievable long-wavelength laser power. To get an effective modulation on an e-beam of 4.3 GeV, the required laser power is about a few tens GW. In this paper we propose to adopt a high-power Ti:Sapphire laser (wavelength of 800 nm), and use the slope in the intensity envelope to distinguish the different modulation periods. First an ultrashort electron beam interacts with the Ti:Sapphire laser in a wiggler, where the electron energy is modulated at the same periods of the laser. If the laser pulse is long and the short electron bunch is overlapped (in time) with the middle part of the laser, such as the setup at LCLS laser heater, the different energy modulation periods on the electron beam will be overlapped on the energy profile. In this conditionwe typically have a double-horn distribution of the energy profile, and the electron-bunch length information cannot be retrieved. But if the laser pulse (with a Gaussian temporal shape) is relatively short, we can synchronize the e-beam with the laser at the slope region of the intensity envelope, and the amplitude of each energy modulation period will be different. Then these electrons pass through a dispersive section such as a spectrometer, after that this periodically-modulated energy profile can be observed in a transverse screen. By properly choosing the laser parameters, each modulation period will show as a separate streak on the screen. This modulation period in energy dimension correlates to the laser wavelength in time dimension. Since the laser wavelength is a known parameter, no additional calibration is needed. This provides a single shot, self-calibrated method for ultrashort electron bunch length measurements.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

The InSAR Scientific Computing Environment 3.0: A Flexible Framework for NISAR Operational and User-Led Science Processing

The InSAR Scientific Computing Environment (ISCE) was first developed under the NASA Advanced Information Systems Technology as a flexible, extensible object-oriented framework for Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) processing. The ISCE framework uses Python 3 at the workflow level, controlling modules of compiled code for functional processing, and managing inputs, outputs, and other flow control services. The currently released version, called ISCE 2.1, is distributed to the research community through the Western North America InSAR Consortium under a research license. The ISCE team is working on the next generation of the code in order to prepare for the NASAISRO SAR (NISAR) mission operational processing. Innovations in this code include augmentation or conversion of the custom Python framework elements in ISCE with the Pyre framework, new workflows for interferometric and polarimetric stack processing, a more intuitive and graphically based user interface, and flow control for hybrid computing environments including CPU/GPU clusters, logging and error tracking facilities, and new more efficient computational modules that exploit graphical processor units (GPUs) when available. The ISCE 3.0 framework is designed to work in an operational environment as well as on a single user’s laptop or compute cluster, with services to discover capabilities and scale computations accordingly.

Buckley, Sean M.↗

Monitoring Helium Cryogen Usage with iFix Software at IB1 Test Facility

At the IB1 facility of the Applied Physics and Superconducting Technology Directorate within the Cryogenic Division at Fermilab, Liquid Helium is essential to the testing activities. The test stands require large amounts of Helium to test the thermal and superconducting cavities and magnets. The Liquid Helium that enters the test stand is monitored through a series of valves and controls to determine the start and stop for monitoring time. There are 3 phases of cryogen usage that must be considered for each stand, cooldown, warming and overnight mode. With a new system in place, cold hour tracking will be more objective and precise within each test stand ensuring better calculations for User s fees which are charged to various groups that employ the facility and aid replenishment of Helium and continual operation at IB1.

Trillo, Angelica↗

Space Station utilization

The essential requirement of the Space Station that the customer be continually involved in all aspects of the program is considered. Potential users of the Space Station need both formal and informal channels into the program at an early stage of the definition process to secure their influence and participation in the development process. Only with this participation can users' needs and requirements be integrated into the design phase to produce 'user friendliness' in the Space Station. A Space Station that is easy and economical to use will generate more users that can take advantage of the available resources. The Space Station must be: a research facility; a satellite servicing and assembly facility; an observatory for terrestrial, solar, and astronomical viewing; and a transportation node for orbit transfer vehicles. NASA intends to see that the Space Station is developed and operated so as to serve its users.

Raney, W. P.↗

The automated multi-stage substructuring system for NASTRAN

The substructuring capability developed for eventual installation in Level 16 is now operational in a test version of NASTRAN. Its features are summarized. These include the user-oriented, Case Control type control language, the automated multi-stage matrix processing, the independent direct access data storage facilities, and the static and normal modes solution capabilities. A complete problem analysis sequence is presented with card-by-card description of the user input.

Field, E. I.↗

2022 LaserNetUS Users' Meeting

Organized and funded in 2018 through the US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences (FES), LaserNetUS was created to provide vastly improved access to unique lasers for researchers. LaserNetUS is a network of ten high-power laser facilities, both academic and national laboratories, across the United States and Canada. These labs operate many of the premier mid- to large-scale high-intensity laser facilities in the US and Canada that are designed to be used in pioneering experimental studies in high energy density plasma and high field optical science. The network’s principal goal is to provide access to these state-of-the-art laser facilities to a broad range of researchers in the US and abroad. In its over four years of operation, LaserNetUS has awarded beamtime for over 60 user experiments to researchers from 25 different institutions. Over 400 user scientists, many of whom are students and post-docs, have participated in experiments at LaserNetUS facilities so far. The network now has over 1250 members. The LaserNetUS institutions are Colorado State University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, SLAC National Lab, The Ohio State University, University of Michigan, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Rochester, and University of Texas at Austin. LaserNetUS hosted its first in-person Annual Users’ Meeting at Colorado State University in Fort Collins, CO, Aug 16-18, 2022. The meeting had 158 attendees, including 39 sponsored students and post-docs whose attendance and travel to the meeting were covered by DOE funds. Attendees included the 2018 Nobel Laureate in Physics, Donna Strickland. The program consisted of 5 plenary talks and several invited and contributed talks, a user community forum, a poster session, and built-in time for networking. The event focused on students and early career professionals. The poster session was held in combination with a reception to facilitate discussions and maximize interactions between the participants. The 39 sponsored students each presented a poster at the poster session, giving them valuable practice in sharing their research with others in the field. Many students and postdocs also gave talks during the main programming. Lunch and coffee breaks were provided for attendees for the duration of the conference on CSU’s campus. This allowed for networking among all participants. The building used to host the conference also had plenty of seating outside the auditorium, which was conducive to smaller one-on-one meetings and discussions between participants. There was also a lab tour of CSU’s Advanced Beam Laboratory. The day before and after the conference also included satellite meetings for the lab PIs and the Scientific Advisory Board. DOE support was used for rental of the auditorium and supporting rooms, student participation, 50% of the food costs, and transportation to the Advanced Beam Lab.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗

Users Guide for NASA Lewis Research Center DC-9 Reduced-Gravity Aircraft Program

The document provides guidelines and information for users of the DC-9 Reduced-Gravity Aircraft Program. It describes the facilities, requirements for test personnel, equipment design and installation, mission preparation, and in-flight procedures. Those who have used the KC-135 reduced-gravity aircraft will recognize that many of the procedures and guidelines are the same.

DC-9↗

LANSCE Accelerator Update and Future Plans

Several multi-year accelerator system upgrades have recently been completed at LANSCE that will ensure the long-term future of beam operations to its users and to prepare for a planned next-generation signature facility (MaRIE) based on multi-probe capabilities. Present LANSCE accelerator operations will be discussed. As a result, a summary of the recent upgrades completed and future plans will also be presented.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

Emissivity measurements of CuCrZr alloy

The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) heavy-ion accelerator, in user operation since 2022, produces rare isotope beams via interactions of high-intensity stable ion beams with a graphite production target. Approximately 20–40% of the primary beam power is deposited in the target, while the remaining 60–80% is absorbed by the beam dump. The minichannel beam dump (MCBD), currently operated at 20 kW and designed for operation up to 50 kW, uses CuCrZr alloy absorber plates. Thermal validation and thermal cycling tests of the MCBD were conducted at the Applied Research Laboratory (ARL) at Pennsylvania State University. Temperature measurements were obtained from an infrared (IR) camera. Since accurate temperature determination requires reliable emissivity values, the emissivity of CuCrZr was measured using the IR camera validated against thermocouple reference temperatures up to approximately 650 °C. The measurements were conducted under a vacuum level of approximately 10 -5 torr to minimize emissivity variations due to surface oxidation. The emissivity of CuCrZr was determined to be 0.057 ± 0.009 using a constant fit to the measured data over the surface temperature range from 100–650 °C.

Accelerator Subsystems and Technologies↗

Brady's Geothermal Field - Metadata for InSAR Holdings

List of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired by TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X satellite missions and archived at UNAVCO's WINSAR facility. See file "Bradys TSX Holdings.csv" for individual links. NOTE: The user must create an account in order to access the data (See "Instructions for Creating an Account" below).

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗

Software Requirement Document: Benchmarking Algorithms for RadioNuclide Identification (BARNI)

The Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Nuclear Smuggling Detection and Deterrence (NSDD) seeks to improve the performance of RadioIsotope Identification Devices (RIIDs). RIIDs enable users to identifying threat nuclides in applications such as secondary search, facility inspection, and emergency response. As part of this effort NSDD has developed Replicative Assessment of Spectroscopic Equipment (RASE), an open-source tool which generates synthetic spectra and analyzes them with vendor’s radionuclide identification software in order to evaluate performance.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗

Survey: National Environmental Satellite Service

The national Environmental Satellite Service (NESS) receives data at periodic intervals from satellites of the Synchronous Meteorological Satellite/Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite series and from the Improved TIROS (Television Infrared Observational Satellite) Operational Satellite. Within the conterminous United States, direct readout and processed products are distributed to users over facsimile networks from a central processing and data distribution facility. In addition, the NESS Satellite Field Stations analyze, interpret, and distribute processed geostationary satellite products to regional weather service activities.

Source record↗

Water recovery and management test support modeling for Space Station Freedom

The water-recovery and management (WRM) subsystem proposed for the Space Station Freedom program is outlined, and its computerized modeling and simulation based on a Computer Aided System Engineering and Analysis (CASE/A) program are discussed. A WRM test model consisting of a pretreated urine processing (TIMES), hygiene water processing (RO), RO brine processing using TIMES, and hygiene water storage is presented. Attention is drawn to such end-user equipment characteristics as the shower, dishwasher, clotheswasher, urine-collection facility, and handwash. The transient behavior of pretreated-urine, RO waste-hygiene, and RO brine tanks is assessed, as well as the total input/output to or from the system. The model is considered to be beneficial for pretest analytical predictions as a program cost-saving feature.

Mohamadinejad, Habib↗

Payload operations management of a planned European SL-Mission employing establishments of ESA and national agencies

Spacelab (SL)-missions with Payload Operations (P/L OPS) from Europe involve numerous space agencies, various ground infrastructure systems and national user organizations. An effective management structure must bring together different entities, facilities and people, but at the same time keep interfaces, costs and schedule under strict control. This paper outlines the management concept for P/L OPS of a planned European SL-mission. The proposal draws on the relevant experience in Europe, which was acquired via the ESA/NASA mission SL-1, by the execution of two German SL-missions and by the involvement in, or the support of, several NASA-missions.

Joensson, Rolf↗

DTS: Building custom, intelligent schedulers

DTS is a decision-theoretic scheduler, built on top of a flexible toolkit -- this paper focuses on how the toolkit might be reused in future NASA mission schedulers. The toolkit includes a user-customizable scheduling interface, and a 'Just-For-You' optimization engine. The customizable interface is built on two metaphors: objects and dynamic graphs. Objects help to structure problem specifications and related data, while dynamic graphs simplify the specification of graphical schedule editors (such as Gantt charts). The interface can be used with any 'back-end' scheduler, through dynamically-loaded code, interprocess communication, or a shared database. The 'Just-For-You' optimization engine includes user-specific utility functions, automatically compiled heuristic evaluations, and a postprocessing facility for enforcing scheduling policies. The optimization engine is based on BPS, the Bayesian Problem-Solver (1,2), which introduced a similar approach to solving single-agent and adversarial graph search problems.

Hansson, Othar↗

Basic Requirements for Systems Software Research and Development

Our success over the past ten years evaluating and developing advanced computing technologies has been due to a simple research and development (R/D) model. Our model has three phases: (a) evaluating the state-of-the-art, (b) identifying problems and creating innovations, and (c) developing solutions, improving the state- of-the-art. This cycle has four basic requirements: a large production testbed with real users, a diverse collection of state-of-the-art hardware, facilities for evalua- tion of emerging technologies and development of innovations, and control over system management on these testbeds. Future research will be irrelevant and future products will not work if any of these requirements is eliminated. In order to retain our effectiveness, the numerical aerospace simulator (NAS) must replace out-of-date production testbeds in as timely a fashion as possible, and cannot afford to ignore innovative designs such as new distributed shared memory machines, clustered commodity-based computers, and multi-threaded architectures.

Kuszmaul, Chris↗