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At least 1,729 records · Page 96
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2012

Effect of polymer-nanoparticle interactions on the glass transition dynamics and the conductivity mechanism in polyurethane titanium dioxide nanocomposites

We report on the glass transition dynamics and the conductivity properties of a nanodielectric system composed of pre-synthesized TiO{sub 2} nanoparticles embedded in thermoplastic polyurethane. Increase of TiO{sub 2} loading results in enhanced segmental mobility of the composites and less steep temperature dependence, i.e., lower fragility index. The decrease in the fragility index and glass transition temperature is discussed based on the FTIR results. We observe different behavior of conductivity for temperatures above and below the glass transition temperature. At high temperatures the composites exhibit conductivity values more than 2 orders of magnitude higher than those in the pristine matrix. At the same time, at sub-Tg temperatures composites are characterized by superior electrical insulation properties compared to pristine matrix material. Such drastic temperature dependence of the conductivity/insulating ability of the flexible and light-weight, low-Tg composite material can be utilized in various applications including sensing and temperature switching materials.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Spin glass dynamics at the mesoscale

The mesoscale provides a new probe of spin glass dynamics. Because the spin glass lower critical dimension d l > 2 , the growth of the correlation length ξ ( t , T ) can change the nature of the spin glass state at a crossover time t co when ξ ( t co , T ) = ℓ , a minimum characteristic sample length (e.g., film thickness for thin films and crystallite size for bulk samples). For thin films, and times t < t co such that ξ ( t , T ) < ℓ , conventional three-dimensional dynamics is observed. When t > t co , a crossover to d = 2 behavior takes place. The parallel correlation length, associated with a T g = 0 transition, increases in time from the saturated value of the perpendicular correlation length ℓ to an equilibrium value of the parallel correlation length proportional to T - ν . This results in a pancakelike correlated state, with a thickness ℓ and a temperature-dependent in-plane radius that increases with decreasing temperature. Activated dynamics is associated with these states. Measurements on Cu:Mn thin films are analyzed quantitatively within this framework. We extract a temperature-dependent activation energy from a fit to the frequency dependence of the dynamic susceptibility. The extrapolated temperature at which the activation energy would become large is close to the extrapolated glass transition temperature from ac susceptibility measurements. All known relevant experimental data are consistent with this method. For polycrystalline materials, there is a distribution of length scales P ( ℓ ) . For sufficiently broad distributions, a logarithmic time dependence is derived for the time decay of the thermoremanent magnetization M TRM ( t , T ) using an approach originally derived by Ma. Properties dependent upon an effective waiting time t w eff are derived that are consistent with experiment, and additional measurements are suggested.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1993

Radiation effects in heteroepitaxial InP solar cells

Heteroepitaxial InP solar cells, with GaAs substrates, were irradiated by 0.5 and 3 MeV protons and their performance, temperature dependency, and carrier removal rates determined as a function of fluence. The radiation resistance of the present cells was significantly greater than that of non-heteroepitaxial InP cells at both proton energies. A clear difference in the temperature dependency of V(sub oc), was observed between heteroepitaxial and homoepitaxial InP cells. The analytically predicted dependence of dV(sub oc)/dT on Voc was confirmed by the fluence dependence of these quantities. Carrier removal was observed to increase with decreasing proton energy. The results obtained for performance and temperature dependency were attributed to the high dislocation densities present in the heteroepitaxial cells while the energy dependence of carrier removal was attributed to the energy dependence of proton range.

Weinberg, I.↗
DOE OSTI2014

Superconducting tantalum nitride-based normal metal-insulator-superconductor tunnel junctions

We report the development of superconducting tantalum nitride (TaN{sub x}) normal metal-insulator-superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions. For the insulating barrier, we used both AlO{sub x} and TaO{sub x} (Cu-AlO{sub x}-Al-TaN{sub x} and Cu-TaO{sub x}-TaN{sub x}), with both devices exhibiting temperature dependent current-voltage characteristics which follow the simple one-particle tunneling model. The superconducting gap follows a BCS type temperature dependence, rendering these devices suitable for sensitive thermometry and bolometry from the superconducting transition temperature T{sub C} of the TaN{sub x} film at ∼5 K down to ∼0.5 K. Numerical simulations were also performed to predict how junction parameters should be tuned to achieve electronic cooling at temperatures above 1 K.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2022

Experimental Measurement of Out-of-Time-Ordered Correlators at Finite Temperature

Out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs) are a key observable in a wide range of interconnected fields including many-body physics, quantum information science, and quantum gravity. Measuring OTOCs using near-term quantum simulators will extend our ability to explore fundamental aspects of these fields and the subtle connections between them. Here, we demonstrate an experimental method to measure OTOCs at finite temperatures and use the method to study their temperature dependence. These measurements are performed on a digital quantum computer running a simulation of the transverse field Ising model. Our flexible method, based on the creation of a thermofield double state, can be extended to other models and enables us to probe the OTOC’s temperature-dependent decay rate. Measuring this decay rate opens up the possibility of testing the fundamental temperature-dependent bounds on quantum information scrambling.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2017

Characteristics of the Schottky barriers of two-terminal thin-film Al/nano-Si film/ITO structures

The temperature dependence of the Schottky-barrier height and series resistance of two-terminal thin-film Al/nano-Si film/ITO structures are determined from the current—voltage (I–V) characteristics in the temperature range of 20–150°C. It is found that the form of the I–V characteristic at all investigated temperatures can be described by a model of two Schottky diodes connected back-to-back. For these diodes, the general formula is obtained, which allows the construction of functions approximating experimental curves with high accuracy. Based on this formula, a computational model is built, which generalizes the theoretical data obtained by S.K. Cheung and N.W. Cheung widely used for analyzing the I–V characteristics of single Schottky diodes. A technique is developed for calculating the Schottky-barrier heights in a system of two Schottky diodes connected back-to-back, their ideality factors, and the series resistance of the system. It is established that the barrier heights in the investigated temperature range are ~1 eV. According to the temperature dependence of the barrier height, such large values result from the presence of a SiO{sub x} (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) oxide layer at the nanoparticle boundaries. Charge carriers can overcome this layer by means of thermal excitation or tunneling. It is established that the intrinsic Schottky-barrier height of the Al/nc-Si film and nc-Si film/ITO junctions is ~0.1 eV. The activation dependences of the series resistance of the Al/nc-Si film/ITO structures and impedance spectra show that combined electric-charge transport related to ionic and electronic conductivity takes place in the structures under study. It is shown that the contribution of the electronic conductivity to the total transport process increases as the sample temperature is raised.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2012

Triple-{alpha} reaction rate constrained by stellar evolution models

We investigate the quantitative constraint on the triple-{alpha} reaction rate based on stellar evolution theory, motivated by the recent significant revision of the rate proposed by nuclear physics calculations. Targeted stellar models were computed in order to investigate the impact of that rate in the mass range of 0.8{<=}M/M{sub Circled-Dot-Operator }{<=}25 and in the metallicity range between Z= 0 and Z= 0.02. The revised rate has a significant impact on the evolution of low-and intermediate-mass stars, while its influence on the evolution of massive stars (M > 10M{sub Circled-Dot-Operator }) is minimal. We find that employing the revised rate suppresses helium shell flashes on AGB phase for stars in the initial mass range 0.8{<=}M/M{sub Circled-Dot-Operator }{<=}6, which is contradictory to what is observed. The absence of helium shell flashes is due to the weak temperature dependence of the revised triple-{alpha} reaction cross section at the temperature involved. In our models, it is suggested that the temperature dependence of the cross section should have at least {nu} > 10 at T = 1-1.2 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 8}K where the cross section is proportional to T{sup {nu}}. We also derive the helium ignition curve to estimate the maximum cross section to retain the low-mass first red giants. The semi-analytically derived ignition curves suggest that the reaction rate should be less than {approx} 10{sup -29} cm{sup 6} s{sup -1} mole{sup -2} at Almost-Equal-To 10{sup 7.8} K, which corresponds to about three orders of magnitude larger than that of the NACRE compilation.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2012

X-ray diffraction study of (TlInSe{sub 2}){sub 1-x}(TlGaTe{sub 2}){sub x} crystal system

The crystallographic and dynamic characteristics of TlInSe{sub 2} and TlGaTe{sub 2} crystals have been studied by X-ray diffraction in the temperature range of 85-320 K. The temperature dependences of the unit-cell parameters a of TlInSe{sub 2} and TlGaTe{sub 2} crystals, as well as their coefficients of thermal expansion along the [100] direction, are determined. The concentration dependences of the unit-cell parameters a and c for (TlInSe{sub 2}){sub 1-x}(TlGaTe{sub 2}){sub x} crystals are measured. Anomalies are found in the temperature dependences of the unit-cell parameters a and, correspondingly, the coefficient of thermal expansion, indicating the existence of phase transitions in TlInSe{sub 2} and TlGaTe{sub 2} crystals.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2011

STELLAR EVOLUTION CONSTRAINTS ON THE TRIPLE-{alpha} REACTION RATE

We investigate the quantitative constraint on the triple-{alpha} reaction rate based on stellar evolution theory, motivated by the recent significant revision of the rate proposed by nuclear physics calculations. Targeted stellar models were computed in order to investigate the impact of that rate in the mass range of 0.8 {<=} M/M{sub sun} {<=} 25 and in the metallicity range between Z = 0 and Z = 0.02. The revised rate has a significant impact on the evolution of low- and intermediate-mass stars, while its influence on the evolution of massive stars (M {approx}> 10 M{sub sun}) is minimal. We find that employing the revised rate suppresses helium shell flashes on asymptotic giant branch phase for stars in the initial mass range 0.8 {<=} M/M{sub sun} {<=} 6, which is contradictory to what is observed. The absence of helium shell flashes is due to the weak temperature dependence of the revised triple-{alpha} reaction cross section at the temperature involved. In our models, it is suggested that the temperature dependence of the cross section should have at least {nu} > 10 at T = (1-1.2) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 8} K where the cross section is proportional to T {sup {nu}}. We also derive the helium ignition curve to estimate the maximum cross section to retain the low-mass first red giants. The semi-analytically derived ignition curves suggest that the reaction rate should be less than {approx}10{sup -29} cm{sup 6} s{sup -1} mole{sup -2} at Almost-Equal-To 10{sup 7.8} K, which corresponds to about three orders of magnitude larger than that of the NACRE compilation. In an effort to compromise with the revised rates, we calculate and analyze models with enhanced CNO cycle reaction rates to increase the maximum luminosity of the first giant branch. However, it is impossible to reach the typical red giant branch tip luminosity even if all the reaction rates related to CNO cycles are enhanced by more than 10 orders of magnitude.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2013

The Effect of High Temperature Annealing on the Grain Characteristics of a Thin Chemical Vapor Deposition Silicon Carbide Layer.

The unique combination of thermo-mechanical and physiochemical properties of silicon carbide (SiC) provides interest and opportunity for its use in nuclear applications. One of the applications of SiC is as a very thin layer in the TRi-ISOtropic (TRISO) coated fuel particles for high temperature gas reactors (HTGRs). This SiC layer, produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), is designed to withstand the pressures of fission and transmutation product gases in a high temperature, radiation environment. Various researchers have demonstrated that macroscopic properties can be affected by changes in the distribution of grain boundary plane orientations and misorientations [1 - 3]. Additionally, various researchers have attributed the release behavior of Ag through the SiC layer as a grain boundary diffusion phenomenon [4 - 6]; further highlighting the importance of understanding the actual grain characteristics of the SiC layer. Both historic HTGR fission product release studies and recent experiments at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) [7] have shown that the release of Ag-110m is strongly temperature dependent. Although the maximum normal operating fuel temperature of a HTGR design is in the range of 1000-1250°C, the temperature may reach 1600°C under postulated accident conditions. The aim of this specific study is therefore to determine the magnitude of temperature dependence on SiC grain characteristics, expanding upon initial studies by Van Rooyen et al, [8; 9].

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Assessing the Effects of Temperature and Oxygen Vacancy on Band Gap Renormalization in LaCrO 3-δ : First-Principles and Experimental Corroboration [plus supplemental information]

Understanding the temperature dependence of functional properties in high-temperature gas sensors is vital for applications in combustion environments. Temperature effect on the electronic structure due to electron-phonon coupling is a key property of interest as this influences other responses of sensors. In this work, we assess the impact of temperature on band gap renormalization of pristine and oxygen-vacant LaCrO 3–δ perovskite employing Allen–Heine–Cardona theory with first-principles simulations and corroborate with experimental observation. Antiferromagnetic cubic LaCrO 3 shows a direct ground-state band gap of 2.62 eV that is reduced by over 1 eV due to the presence of oxygen vacancies, which can form endothermically. We find excellent agreement in temperature-dependent band gap shift in LaCrO 3 between theory and an in-house experiment, proving that the theory can adequately predict renormalization on the band gap in a magnetic system. Band gaps in cubic LaCrO 3–δ are found to monotonically narrow by 1.13 eV in pristine and by around 0.62 eV in oxygen-vacant structures as temperature increases from 0 to 1500 K. The predicted band gap variations are rationalized using an analytical model. Furthermore, the experimental zero-temperature band gaps are extracted from the model fits that can provide useful insights on the simulated band gaps.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2025

Slow ferromagnetic fluctuations in the kagome metal Sc 3 ⁢ Mn 3 ⁢Al 7 ⁢ Si 5 revealed by 27 Al NMR

Static and dynamical magnetic and electronic properties of the kagome metal Sc 3 ⁢Mn 3 ⁢ Al 7⁢ Si 5 have been investigated by 27 Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. Two distinct 27 Al -NMR signals with two different values of quadrupolar frequencies of 𝜈 Q = 1.55(2) and 1.07(2) MHz are observed, which are assigned to Al(1) and Al(2), respectively. From the detailed NMR spectrum measurements under three different magnetic field directions and the density functional theory calculations, the principal axes of the electric field gradient for each Al site have been determined. The temperature dependence of Knight shift (𝐾) shows a similar temperature dependence of the DC magnetic susceptibility 𝜒 except for the low-temperature region below ∼50 K where 𝐾 is almost constant while 𝜒 keeps increasing, which suggests that the increase in 𝜒 at low temperatures is not intrinsic. 27 Al spin-lattice relaxation rate divided by temperature (1/𝑇 1 ⁢𝑇) is found to be constant, confirming the metallic state of Sc 3 ⁢Mn 3 ⁢ Al 7⁢ Si 5 from a microscopic point of view. Based on a Korringa ratio analysis using the 𝑇 1 and 𝐾 data, ferromagnetic fluctuations are found to dominate in Sc 3 ⁢Mn 3 ⁢ Al 7⁢ Si 5 . In conclusion, these fluctuations are suggested to be very slow with frequencies on the order of kilohertz or lower.

Ding, Qing-Ping [Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA ↗
NASA NTRS1996

Low-Temperature Rate Coefficients of C2H with CH4 and CD4 from 154 to 359 K

Rate coefficients for the reaction C2H + CH4 yields C2H2 + CH3 and C2H + CD4 yields C2HD + CD3 are measured over the temperature range 154-359 K using transient infrared laser absorption spectroscopy. Ethynyl radicals are produced by pulsed laser photolysis of C2H2 in a variable temperature flow cell, and a tunable color center laser probes the transient removal of C2H (Chi(exp 2) Sigma(+) (0,0,0)) in absorption. The rate coefficients for the reactions of C2H with CH4 and CD4 both show a positive temperature dependence over the range 154-359 K, which can be expressed as k(sub CH4) = (1.2 +/- 0.1) x 10(exp -11) exp((-491 +/- 12)/T) and k(sub CD4) = (8.7 +/- 1.8) x 10(exp -12) exp((-650 +/- 61)/T) cm(exp 3) molecule(exp -1) s(exp -1), respectively. The reaction of C2H + CH4 exhibits a significant kinetic isotope effect at 300 K of k(sub CH4)/k(sub CD4) = 2.5 +/- 0.2. Temperature dependent rate constants for C2H + C2H2 were also remeasured over an increased temperature range from 143 to 359 K and found to show a slight negative temperature dependence, which can be expressed as k(sub C2H2) = 8.6 x 10(exp -16) T(exp 1.8) exp((474 +/- 90)/T) cm(exp 3) molecule(exp -1) s(exp -1).

Opansky, Brian J.↗
DOE OSTI2011

Thermal expansion in 3d-metal Prussian Blue Analogs-A survey study

We present a comprehensive study of the structural properties and the thermal expansion behavior of 17 different Prussian Blue Analogs (PBAs) with compositions M{sup II}{sub 3}[(M'){sup III}(CN){sub 6}]{sub 2}.nH{sub 2}O and M{sup II}{sub 2}[Fe{sup II}(CN){sub 6}].nH{sub 2}O, where M{sup II}=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn, (M'){sup III}=Co, Fe and n is the number of water molecules, which range from 5 to 18 for these compounds. The PBAs were synthesized via standard chemical precipitation methods, and temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction studies were performed in the temperature range between -150 deg. C (123 K) and room-temperature. The vast majority of the studied PBAs were found to crystallize in cubic structures of space groups Fm3-bar m, F4-bar 3m and Pm3-bar m. The temperature dependence of the lattice parameters was taken to compute an average coefficient of linear thermal expansion in the studied temperature range. Of the 17 compounds, 9 display negative values for the average coefficient of linear thermal expansion, which can be as large as 39.7x{sup 1}0{sup -6} K{sup -1} for Co{sub 3}[Co(CN){sub 6}]{sub 2}.12H{sub 2}O. All of the M{sup II}{sub 3}[Co{sup III}(CN){sub 6}]{sub 2}.nH{sub 2}O compounds show negative thermal expansion behavior, which correlates with the Irving-Williams series for metal complex stability. The thermal expansion behavior for the PBAs of the M{sup II}{sub 3}[Fe{sup III}(CN){sub 6}]{sub 2}.nH{sub 2}O family are found to switch between positive (for M=Mn, Co, Ni) and negative (M=Cu, Zn) behavior, depending on the choice of the metal cation (M). On the other hand, all of the M{sup II}{sub 2}[Fe{sup II}(CN){sub 6}].nH{sub 2}O compounds show positive thermal expansion behavior. - Graphical Abstract: The structure of Prussian Blue analogs (PBAs) consists of two types of metal centered octahedral units connected by cyanide ligand. Lattice and interstitial water molecules are present in these framework structures. All the PBAs of the M{sub 3}[Co(CN){sub 6}]{sub 2}.nH{sub 2}O family show negative thermal expansion (NTE) behavior. The lattice parameters and magnitude of NTE correlates inversely with the Irving-Williams series of metal complex stability. Highlights: > Thermal expansion behavior of 17 Prussian Blue Analogs has been studied via XRD. > Nine compounds display negative thermal expansion (NTE) behavior. > All compounds of the M{sup II}{sub 3}[Co{sup III}(CN){sub 6}]{sub 2} family exhibit NTE behavior. > Magnitude of the NTE in M{sup II}{sub 3}[Co{sup III}(CN){sub 6}]{sub 2} follows the order Mn>Fe>Co>Ni>Cu<Zn. > NTE materials show correlations with lattice parameters and Irving-Williams series.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2018

Explanation of Non-linear In-Plane Resistivity and Hall Coefficient in the Normal State of Cuprates: Polaronic Approach

We present a theoretical study of the in-plane resistivity ρ{sub ab}(T) and Hall coefficient R{sub H}(T) within the polaronic model and precursor pairing scenario by considering a two-component charge carrier picture in the normal state of high-temperature superconducting cuprates (HTSC). Here, we use a Boltzmann-equation approach and extended BCS-like model to compute ρ{sub ab}(T) and R{sub H}(T) in the τ-approximation. The opening of the pseudogap (PG) in the normal state of the cuprates should affect their transport properties. We have found that the transition to the PG regime and the effective conductivity of charge carriers in the normal state are responsible for the pronounced non-linear temperature dependence of ρ{sub ab} and R{sub H}. With the two-component model analysis, we conclude that the opening of the BCS-like PG, while the non-linear temperature dependence of ρ{sub ab} and R{sub H} could be understood as a consequence of pairing fluctuations in the PG state of cuprate superconductors. The calculated results for ρ{sub ab}(T) and R{sub H}(T) were compared with the experimental data obtained for various hole-doped cuprates. For all the considered cases, a good quantitative agreement was found between theory and experimental data. We also show that the energy scales of the binding energies of charge carriers are identified by PG crossover temperature on the cuprate phase diagram.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2012

Coupled Monte Carlo neutronics and thermal hydraulics for power reactors

The availability of high performance computing resources enables more and more the use of detailed Monte Carlo models even for full core power reactors. The detailed structure of the core can be described by lattices, modeled by so-called repeated structures e.g. in Monte Carlo codes such as MCNP5 or MCNPX. For cores with mainly uniform material compositions, fuel and moderator temperatures, there is no problem in constructing core models. However, when the material composition and the temperatures vary strongly a huge number of different material cells must be described which complicate the input and in many cases exceed code or memory limits. The second problem arises with the preparation of corresponding temperature dependent cross sections and thermal scattering laws. Only if these problems can be solved, a realistic coupling of Monte Carlo neutronics with an appropriate thermal-hydraulics model is possible. In this paper a method for the treatment of detailed material and temperature distributions in MCNP5 is described based on user-specified internal functions which assign distinct elements of the core cells to material specifications (e.g. water density) and temperatures from a thermal-hydraulics code. The core grid itself can be described with a uniform material specification. The temperature dependency of cross sections and thermal neutron scattering laws is taken into account by interpolation, requiring only a limited number of data sets generated for different temperatures. Applications will be shown for the stationary part of the Purdue PWR benchmark using ATHLET for thermal- hydraulics and for a generic Modular High Temperature reactor using THERMIX for thermal- hydraulics. (authors)

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Elastic Properties and Internal Friction of Two Magnesium Alloys at Elevated Temperatures

The elastic properties and internal friction of two magnesium alloys were studied from 25 C to 450 C using Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (RUS). The Young&#x27;s moduli decrease with increasing temperature. At 200 C, a change in the temperature dependence of the elastic constants is observed. The internal friction increases significantly with increasing temperature above 200 C. The observed changes in the temperature dependence of the elastic constants and the internal friction are the result of anelastic relaxation by grain boundary sliding at elevated temperatures. Elastic properties govern the behavior of a materials subjected to stress over a region of strain where the material behaves elastically. The elastic properties, including the Young&#x27;s modulus (E), shear modulus (G), bulk modulus (B), and Poisson&#x27;s ratio (?), are of significant interest to many design and engineering applications. The choice of the most appropriate material for a particular application at elevated temperatures therefore requires knowledge of its elastic properties as a function of temperature. In addition, mechanical vibration can cause significant damage in the automotive, aerospace, and architectural industries and thus, the ability of a material to dissipate elastic strain energy in materials, known as damping or internal friction, is also important property. Internal friction can be the result of a wide range of physical mechanisms, and depends on the material, temperature, and frequency of the loading. When utilized effectively in engineering applications, the damping capacity of a material can remove undesirable noise and vibration as heat to the surroundings. The elastic properties of materials can be determined by static or dynamic methods. Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (RUS), used in this study, is a unique and sophisticated non-destructive dynamic technique for determining the complete elastic tensor of a solid by measuring the resonant spectrum of mechanical resonance for a sample of known geometry, dimensions, and mass. In addition, RUS allows determination of internal friction, or damping, at different frequencies and temperatures. Polycrystalline pure magnesium (Mg) exhibits excellent high damping properties. However, the poor mechanical properties limit the applications of pure Mg. Although alloying can improve the mechanical properties of Mg, the damping properties are reduced with additions of alloying elements. Therefore, it becomes necessary to study and develop Mg-alloys with simultaneous high damping capacity and improved mechanical properties. Moreover, studies involving the high temperature dynamic elastic properties of Mg alloys are limited. In this study, the elastic properties and internal friction of two magnesium alloys were studied at elevated temperatures using RUS. The effect of alloy composition and grain size was investigated. The wrought magnesium alloys AZ31 and ZK60 were employed. Table 1 gives the nominal chemical compositions of these two alloys. The ZK60 alloy is a commercial extruded plate with a T5 temper, i.e. solution-treated at 535 C for two hours, quenched in hot water, and aged at 185 C for 24 hours. The AZ31 alloy is a commercial rolled plate with a H24 temper, i.e. strain hardened and partially annealed.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗