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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,711 records · Page 95

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NASA NTRS1983

Bearing tester data compilation, analysis, and reporting and bearing math modeling

The Shaberth bearing analysis computer program was developed for the analysis of jet engine shaft/bearing systems operating above room temperature with normal hydrocarbon lubricants. It is also possible to use this tool to evaluate the shaft bearing systems operating in cryogenics. Effects such as fluid drag, radial temperature gradients, outer race misalignments and clearance changes were simulated and evaluated. In addition, the speed and preload effects on bearing radial stiffness was evaluated. The Shaberth program was also used to provide contact stresses from which contact geometry was calculated to support other analyses such as the determination of cryogenic fluid film thickness in the contacts and evaluation of surface and subsurface stresses necessary for bearing failure evaluation. This program was a vital tool for the thermal analysis of the bearing in that it provides the heat generation rates at the rolling element/race contacts for input into a thermal model of the bearing/shaft assembly.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS2009

Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Launch Complex 39 (LC-39) Gaseous Hydrogen (GH2) Vent Arm Behavior Prediction Model Review Technical Assessment Report

The NESC Assessment Team reviewed a computer simulation of the LC-39 External Tank (ET) GH2 Vent Umbilical system developed by United Space Alliance (USA) for the Space Shuttle Program (SSP) and designated KSC Analytical Tool ID 451 (KSC AT-451). The team verified that the vent arm kinematics were correctly modeled, but noted that there were relevant system sensitivities. Also, the structural stiffness used in the math model varied somewhat from the analytic calculations. Results of the NESC assessment were communicated to the model developers.

Wilson, Timmy R.↗

NASA NTRS2015

An Integrated Economics Model for ISRU in Support of a Mars Colony - Initial Status Report

The aim of this effort is to develop an integrated set of risk-based financial and technical models to evaluate multiple Off-Earth Mining (OEM) scenarios. This quantitative, scenario- and simulation-based tool will help identify combinations of market variables, technical parameters, and policy levers that will enable the expansion of the global economy into the solar system and return economic benefits. Human ventures in space are entering a new phase in which missions formerly driven by government agencies are now being replaced by those led by commercial enterprises - in launch, satellite deployment, resupply of the International Space Station, and space tourism. In the not-too-distant future, commercial opportunities will also include the mining of asteroids, the Moon, and Mars. This investigation will examine the role of OEM in a growing space economy. (In this investigation, the term 'mining' is taken to embrace minerals, ice/water, and other in situ resources.) OEM can be the engine that drives the space economy, so it would be useful to understand what OEM market conditions and technology requirements are needed for that economy to prosper. These specific elements will be studied in the wider context of creating an economy that could ultimately support a sustainable Mars Colony. Such a colony will need in situ resources not only for its own survival, but to prosper and grow, it must create viable business ventures, essentially by fulfilling the demand for in situ resources from and on Mars. This investigation will focus on understanding the role and economic prospect for OEM associated with the Human Colonization of Mars (HCM).

architecture framework↗

NASA NTRS2001

Avionics Tether Operations Control

The activities described in this Final Report were authorized and performed under Purchase Order Number H32835D, issued as part of NASA contract number NAS8-00114. The period of performance of this PO was from March 1 to September 30, 2001. The primary work activity was the continued development and updating of the tether dynamic simulation tools GTOSS (Generalized Tethered Object System Simulation) and TSSIM (Tethered Satellite System) and use of these and other tools in the analysis of various tether dynamics problems. Several updated versions of GTOSS were delivered during the period of performance by the author of the simulation, Lang Associates' David Lang. These updates had mainly to do with updated documentation and an updated coordinate system definition to the J2000 standards. This Final Report is organized by the months in which the activities described were performed. The following sections review the Statement of Work (SOW) and activities performed to satisfy it.

Glaese, John R.↗

DOE OSTI2020

Advances in Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis Methods and Applications in GDSA Framework.

The Spent Fuel and Waste Science and Technology (SFWST) Campaign of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Nuclear Energy (NE), Office of Fuel Cycle Technology (FCT) is conducting research and development (R&D) on geologic disposal of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and high-level nuclear waste (HLW). Two high priorities for SFWST disposal R&D are design concept development and disposal system modeling. These priorities are directly addressed in the SFWST ''Geologic Disposal Safety Assessment'' (GDSA) control account, which is charged with developing a geologic repository system modeling and analysis capability, and the associated software, ''GDSA Framework'', for evaluating disposal system performance for nuclear waste in geologic media. ''GDSA Framework'' is supported by SFWST Campaign and its predecessor the Used Fuel Disposition (UFD) campaign. This report fulfills the GDSA Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis Methods work package (SF-20SN01030403) level 3 milestone — ''Advances in Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis Methods and Applications in GDSA Framework'' (M3SF-20SN010304032). It presents high level objectives and strategy for development of uncertainty and sensitivity analysis tools, demonstrates uncertainty quantification (UQ) and sensitivity analysis (SA) tools in GDSA Framework in FY20, and describes additional UQ/SA tools whose future implementation would enhance the UQ/SA capability of ''GDSA Framework''. This work was closely coordinated with the other Sandia National Laboratory GDSA work packages: the GDSA Framework Development work package (SF- 2051\101030404), the GDSA Repository Systems Analysis work package (SF-2051\101030405), and the GDSA PFLOTRAN Development work package (SF-20SN01030406). This report builds on developments reported in previous ''GDSA Framework'' milestones, particularly M2SF- 19SNO1030403.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

NASA NTRS1997

Charon Toolkit for Parallel, Implicit Structured-Grid Computations: Functional Design

In a previous report the design concepts of Charon were presented. Charon is a toolkit that aids engineers in developing scientific programs for structured-grid applications to be run on MIMD parallel computers. It constitutes an augmentation of the general-purpose MPI-based message-passing layer, and provides the user with a hierarchy of tools for rapid prototyping and validation of parallel programs, and subsequent piecemeal performance tuning. Here we describe the implementation of the domain decomposition tools used for creating data distributions across sets of processors. We also present the hierarchy of parallelization tools that allows smooth translation of legacy code (or a serial design) into a parallel program. Along with the actual tool descriptions, we will present the considerations that led to the particular design choices. Many of these are motivated by the requirement that Charon must be useful within the traditional computational environments of Fortran 77 and C. Only the Fortran 77 syntax will be presented in this report.

VanderWijngaart, Rob F.↗

NASA NTRS2003

XML: James Webb Space Telescope Database Issues, Lessons, and Status

This paper will present the current concept using extensible Markup Language (XML) as the underlying structure for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) database. The purpose of using XML is to provide a JWST database, independent of any portion of the ground system, yet still compatible with the various systems using a variety of different structures. The testing of the JWST Flight Software (FSW) started in 2002, yet the launch is scheduled for 2011 with a planned 5-year mission and a 5-year follow on option. The initial database and ground system elements, including the commands, telemetry, and ground system tools will be used for 19 years, plus post mission activities. During the Integration and Test (I&T) phases of the JWST development, 24 distinct laboratories, each geographically dispersed, will have local database tools with an XML database. Each of these laboratories database tools will be used for the exporting and importing of data both locally and to a central database system, inputting data to the database certification process, and providing various reports. A centralized certified database repository will be maintained by the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. One of the challenges for the database is to be flexible enough to allow for the upgrade, addition or changing of individual items without effecting the entire ground system. Also, using XML should allow for the altering of the import and export formats needed by the various elements, tracking the verification/validation of each database item, allow many organizations to provide database inputs, and the merging of the many existing database processes into one central database structure throughout the JWST program. Many National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) projects have attempted to take advantage of open source and commercial technology. Often this causes a greater reliance on the use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS), which is often limiting. In our review of the database requirements and the COTS software available, only very expensive COTS software will meet 90% of requirements. Even with the high projected initial cost of COTS, the development and support for custom code over the 19-year mission period was forecasted to be higher than the total licensing costs. A group did look at reusing existing database tools and formats. If the JWST database was already in a mature state, the reuse made sense, but with the database still needing to handing the addition of different types of command and telemetry structures, defining new spacecraft systems, accept input and export to systems which has not been defined yet, XML provided the flexibility desired. It remains to be determined whether the XML database will reduce the over all cost for the JWST mission.

Detter, Ryan↗

DOE OSTI2025

Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: 3D Printed Tools and Assembly Techniques for Repeatable Lab-Scale Coin Cell Manufacturing

The coin cell form factor has become a standard in energy storage research owing to its relatively low cost, low quantity of requisite electroactive material, fast experimental turnover, and capability to generate publishable quality data. Coin cell assembly at the lab-scale requires precise manual alignment of the many internal components of a cell to yield a properly functioning device. Truly repeatable device assembly presents a significant challenge to the acquisition of reliable data. In this report, we present a three-dimensional (3D) printable design for a coin cell alignment device and describe techniques for a generalized workflow to achieve reproducible coin cell assembly of lithium-based batteries. Standardized assembly techniques using readily accessible, purpose-built tools were demonstrated for labscale production of lithium−sulfur (Li−S) coin cells. Li−S batteries fabricated using the alignment device as well as conductive adhesive incorporated workflows afforded coin cells with up to 35% reduction of assembly times, comparable or better functional cell yields, and improved electrochemical device performance with more consistent and up to 150 mAh/g higher average discharge capacities coupled with Coulombic efficiency increases of up to 2.0% over manually aligned cell assembly techniques.

Batteries↗

DOE OSTI2023

Generalized wakefield of a microbunched electron cooler

In a previous note [1] we developed theoretical and computational tools for the study of microbunched electron cooling (MBEC [2]) in the three-dimensional regime. In this context, we were able to treat the key space charge effect in a rigorous fashion by taking explicitly into account the point-charge nature of the particles involved (electrons and hadrons). In this report, we build upon our earlier analysis by taking into consideration previously neglected effects that can cause Landau damping in the amplifier section (such as focusing, betatron oscillations and the angular spread of the electron beam). Beginning with the theoretical aspect of this work, we use our modified and expanded tools in order to calculate and study the generalized, point-hadron wakefield of the system, an important quantity that affects the cooling performance.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Trend Analysis of AI/ML Tools and Services in NASA

Usage of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms within NASA’s Science Mission Directorates have been increasing over the years. This can be quantitatively observed in the upward trends of ML usage found by analyzing the publications and presentations (in affiliation with NASA) available through NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) and PubMed Central(PMC). Identifying the problem types and class of ML algorithms used to tackle them across the divisions can present opportunities for collaborations, interdisciplinary projects and knowledge transfer for sustainable partnerships. In this presentation, we will present the trend analysis of ML algorithms used in different SMD divisions based on the publications and presentations publicly available. We identify these trends by leveraging ML algorithms which are able to search through the publication texts semantically; which are also highly scalable. We will also present an analysis on the available opensource tools and services in NASA leveraging AI/ML algorithms. This work will provide ample avenues for collaborative efforts across different disciplines based on the surfaced trends.

Slesa Adhikari↗

DOE OSTI2022

Technology Integration 2021 Annual Progress Report

VTO's Technology Integration Program supports a broad technology portfolio that includes alternative fuels, energy efficient mobility systems and technologies, and other efficient advanced technologies that can reduce transportation energy costs for businesses and consumers. The program provides objective, unbiased data and real-world lessons learned to inform future research needs and support local decision making. It also includes projects to disseminate data, information, and insight, as well as online tools and technology assistance to cities and regions working to implement alternative fuels and energy efficient mobility technologies and systems.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

DOE OSTI2023

Blue Canyon Dome: Development of a Small-Scale Testbed for Monitoring Underground Explosions

This report documents the development of the Blue Canyon Dome (BCD) testbed, including test site selection, development, instrumentation, and logistical considerations. The BCD testbed was designed for small-scale explosive tests (~5 kg TNT equivalence maximum) for the purpose of comparing diagnostic signals from different types of explosives, the assumption being that different chemical explosives would generate different signatures on geophysical and other monitoring tools. The BCD testbed is located at the Energetic Materials Research and Testing Center near Socorro, New Mexico. Instrumentation includes an electrical resistivity tomography array, geophones, distributed acoustic sensing, gas samplers, distributed temperature sensing, pressure transducers, and high-speed cameras. This SAND report is a reference for BCD testbed development that can be cited in future publications.

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗

DOE OSTI2026

FERC order 2222 & DER policy and implementation report - January 2026

The January 2026 FERC 2222 Tracker Report provides an overview of the progress and challenges in the implementation of FERC Order 2222, emphasizing the critical need for state-level action to address gaps in DERA/EDC communication protocols. The report highlights the importance of reliable communication between electric distribution companies (EDCs) and DER aggregators (DERAs) for seamless market operations, noting the absence of specific directives from FERC and RTO/ISO compliance filings. Key discussions include the operational coordination required to manage DER operations within aggregated markets, the potential use of tools like DER Registries for efficient data exchange, and the implications of non-performance due to communication issues. While steps are being taken at the state level, such as ongoing policy development and bi-monthly webinars for stakeholder education, no states have fully developed coordination frameworks as of early 2026. The report underscores the growing role of states and local regulators in defining these protocols and ensuring effective coordination amidst the complex dynamics of distributed energy resources (DERs) integration into wholesale markets.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

NASA NTRS1987

Research and technology 1987 annual report of the Kennedy Space Center

As the NASA Center responsible for assembly, checkout, servicing, launch, recovery, and operational support of Space Transportation System elements and payloads, Kennedy Space Center is placing increasing emphasis on the Center's research and technology program. In addition to strengthening those areas of engineering and operations technology that contribute to safer, more efficient, and more economical execution of our current mission, we are developing the technological tools needed to execute the Center's mission relative to future programs. The Engineering Development Directorate encompasses most of the laboratories and other Center resources that are key elements of research and technology program implementation, and is responsible for implementation of the majority of the projects of this Kennedy Space Center 1987 Annual Report.

Source record↗

DOE OSTI2024

Ecological Trait-Based Digital Categorization of Microbial Genomes for Denitrification Potential

Microorganisms encode proteins that function in the transformations of useful and harmful nitrogenous compounds in the global nitrogen cycle. The major transformations in the nitrogen cycle are nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation, and ammonification. The focus of this report is the complex biogeochemical process of denitrification, which, in the complete form, consists of a series of four enzyme-catalyzed reduction reactions that transforms nitrate to nitrogen gas. Denitrification is a microbial strain-level ecological trait (characteristic), and denitrification potential (functional performance) can be inferred from trait rules that rely on the presence or absence of genes for denitrifying enzymes in microbial genomes. Despite the global significance of denitrification and associated large-scale genomic and scholarly data sources, there is lack of datasets and interactive computational tools for investigating microbial genomes according to denitrification trait rules. Therefore, our goal is to categorize archaeal and bacterial genomes by denitrification potential based on denitrification traits defined by rules of enzyme involvement in the denitrification reduction steps. We report the integration of datasets on genome, taxonomic lineage, ecosystem, and denitrifying enzymes to provide data investigations context for the denitrification potential of microbial strains. We constructed an ecosystem and taxonomic annotated denitrification potential dataset of 62,624 microbial genomes (866 archaea and 61,758 bacteria) that encode at least one of the twelve denitrifying enzymes in the four-step canonical denitrification pathway. Our four-digit binary-coding scheme categorized the microbial genomes to one of sixteen denitrification traits including complete denitrification traits assigned to 3280 genomes from 260 bacteria genera. The bacterial strains with complete denitrification potential pattern included Arcobacteraceae strains isolated or detected in diverse ecosystems including aquatic, human, plant, and Mollusca (shellfish). The dataset on microbial denitrification potential and associated interactive data investigations tools can serve as research resources for understanding the biochemical, molecular, and physiological aspects of microbial denitrification, among others. The microbial denitrification data resources produced in our research can also be useful for identifying microbial strains for synthetic denitrifying communities.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2022

De novo design and Rosetta-based assessment of high-affinity antibody variable regions (Fv) against the SARS-CoV -2 spike receptor binding domain ( RBD )

The continued emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants has accentuated the growing need for fast and reliable methods for the design of potentially neutralizing antibodies (Abs) to counter immune evasion by the virus. Here, we report on the de novo computational design of high-affinity Ab variable regions (Fv) through the recombination of VDJ genes targeting the most solvent-exposed hACE2-binding residues of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (RBD) protein using the software tool OptMAVEn-2.0. Subsequently, we carried out computational affinity maturation of the designed variable regions through amino acid substitutions for improved binding with the target epitope. Immunogenicity of designs was restricted by preferring designs that match sequences from a 9-mer library of “human Abs” based on a human string content score. We generated 106 different antibody designs and reported in detail on the top five that trade-off the greatest computational binding affinity for the RBD with human string content scores. We further describe computational evaluation of the top five designs produced by OptMAVEn-2.0 using a Rosetta-based approach. We used Rosetta SnugDock for local docking of the designs to evaluate their potential to bind the spike RBD and performed “forward folding” with DeepAb to assess their potential to fold into the designed structures. Ultimately, our results identified one designed Ab variable region, P1.D1, as a particularly promising candidate for experimental testing. This effort puts forth a computational workflow for the de novo design and evaluation of Abs that can quickly be adapted to target spike epitopes of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants or other antigenic targets.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2020

In situ nanoscale imaging of moiré superlattices in twisted van der Waals heterostructures

Abstract Direct visualization of nanometer-scale properties of moiré superlattices in van der Waals heterostructure devices is a critically needed diagnostic tool for study of the electronic and optical phenomena induced by the periodic variation of atomic structure in these complex systems. Conventional imaging methods are destructive and insensitive to the buried device geometries, preventing practical inspection. Here we report a versatile scanning probe microscopy employing infrared light for imaging moiré superlattices of twisted bilayers graphene encapsulated by hexagonal boron nitride. We map the pattern using the scattering dynamics of phonon polaritons launched in hexagonal boron nitride capping layers via its interaction with the buried moiré superlattices. We explore the origin of the double-line features imaged and show the mechanism of the underlying effective phase change of the phonon polariton reflectance at domain walls. The nano-imaging tool developed provides a non-destructive analytical approach to elucidate the complex physics of moiré engineered heterostructures.

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗

DOE OSTI2019

DOE Data Day 2019 Report

The Department of Energy (DOE) has joined the larger scientific community in the promotion of data management as a means to higher quality, more efficient research and analysis, and as a critical component of data science. Tools and platforms to support data management and analysis are rapidly evolving and provide enormous opportunities. They also pose challenges that can be specific to DOE but are common across DOE mission areas and organizations. The DOE Data Day (D3) workshop was held on September 25–26, 2019, and organized by a team at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in an effort to gather the data management practitioners at the DOE labs together to share their work and results, facilitating knowledge transfers and best practices across project teams. Over 100 attendees participated from multiple national labs—LLNL, Sandia (SNL), Lawrence Berkeley (LBNL), Los Alamos (LANL), Oak Ridge (ORNL), Argonne (ANL), Pacific Northwest (PNNL), Stanford Linear Accelerator (SLAC)—along with Mission Support and Test Services (MSTS), National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), Pantex, National Security Complex (Y-12), National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), the DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), and elsewhere in the DOE complex.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗