SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “data formats”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,693 records · Page 94

All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

DOE OSTI2013

MUSCLE W49: A multi-scale continuum and line exploration of the most luminous star formation region in the Milky Way. I. Data and the mass structure of the giant molecular cloud

The Multi-scale Continuum and Line Exploration of W49 is a comprehensive gas and dust survey of the giant molecular cloud (GMC) of W49A, the most luminous star-formation region in the Milky Way. The project covers, for the first time, the entire GMC at different scales and angular resolutions. In this paper, we present (1) an all-configuration Submillimeter Array mosaic in the 230 GHz (1.3 mm) band covering the central ∼3' × 3' (∼10 pc, known as W49N), where most of the embedded massive stars reside and (2) Purple Mountain Observatory 14 m telescope observations in the 90 GHz band, covering the entire GMC with maps of up to ∼35' × 35' in size, or ∼113 pc. We also make use of archival data from the Very Large Array, JCMT-SCUBA, the IRAM 30 m telescope, and the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory BOLOCAM Galactic Plane Survey. We derive the basic physical parameters of the GMC at all scales. Our main findings are as follows. (1) The W49 GMC is one of the most massive in the Galaxy, with a total mass M {sub gas} ∼ 1.1 × 10{sup 6} M {sub ☉} within a radius of 60 pc. Within a radius of 6 pc, the total gas mass is M {sub gas} ∼ 2 × 10{sup 5} M {sub ☉}. At these scales, only ∼1% of the material is photoionized. The mass reservoir is sufficient to form several young massive clusters (YMCs) as massive as a globular cluster. (2) The mass of the GMC is distributed in a hierarchical network of filaments. At scales <10 pc, a triple, centrally condensed structure peaks toward the ring of HC H II regions in W49N. This structure extends to scales from ∼10 to 100 pc through filaments that radially converge toward W49N and its less-prominent neighbor W49S. The W49A starburst most likely formed from global gravitational contraction with localized collapse in a 'hub-filament' geometry. (3) Currently, feedback from the central YMCs (with a present mass M {sub cl} ≳ 5 × 10{sup 4} M {sub ☉}) is still not enough to entirely disrupt the GMC, but further stellar mass growth could be enough to allow radiation pressure to clear the cloud and halt star formation. (4) The resulting stellar content will probably remain as a gravitationally bound massive star cluster or a small system of bound clusters.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2022

Replication Data for: Toward benchmarking theoretical computations of elementary rate constants on catalytic surfaces: formate decomposition on Au and Cu

The data underlying this published work have been made publicly available in this repository as part of the IMASC Data Management Plan. This work was supported as part of the Integrated Mesoscale Architectures for Sustainable Catalysis (IMASC), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under Award # DE-SC0012573.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

DOE OSTI2022

PyTREES

PyTREES (Python tool for Training/Testing Robust Explainable Ensembles on Spectra) is software that implements a data-driven approach to predicting the amount of specific oxides present in materials samples of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS); such as from the ChemCam instrument suite onboard the NASA Curiosity rover. PyTREES is designed to input LIBS data in the format provided by the ChemCam team [1]. PyTREES then applies appropriate pre-processing to this data [2], and implements several regression methods for predicting oxides from spectra. The regression methods include: ensemble methods (random forest, extra trees, and gradient boosting regression) and blended submodels using the “double blending” technique. PyTREES additionally implements methods for quantifying the importance of features in regression model: (1) mean decrease in impurity (MDI) and (2) permutation importance to investigate the wavelengths used by the regression methods. [1] Gasda et al. (2021). Spectrochim Acta B, 181, 106223. [2] Clegg et al. (2017). Spectrochim Acta B , 129, 64–85.

Oyen, Diane↗

DOE OSTI2026

Asi Nuclear Energy Sensors Data Portal Chatbot And Data Structuring Tool

The Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is advancing the development of an AI-powered chatbot and data structuring tool specifically designed to accelerate data mining processes for sensor-related information and seamlessly integrate the results into the ASI Sensors Data Portal (https://nes.energy.gov/). By doing so, the software aims to enhance the accessibility, usability, and organization of sensor data for nuclear energy applications. The software initial phase focuses on retrieving comprehensive datasets, prioritizing the past five years of publicly available information from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI). These datasets will be meticulously processed to ensure compatibility, employing cleaning and preprocessing steps to eliminate irrelevant, incomplete, or corrupted information, thus establishing a robust foundation for subsequent AI use. The data will serve as the backbone for training an AI model and chatbot, which will act as an interactive tool enabling users to ask complex, context-specific questions and receive accurate, validated answers derived from constrained literature. In parallel, the project incorporates a data structuring process supported by AI to organize sensor information from multiple sources into a standardized format. This structured data will include detailed sensor specifications, such as measurement range, applications, accuracy, and operating conditions, generated and documented with AI. These specifications will be systematically integrated into the sensor portal. To maintain the highest levels of accuracy and relevance, all AI-generated outputs will be reviewed and validated by subject matter experts (SMEs), with additional fields or parameters added as needed. Future stages of the project aim to expand the dataset beyond OSTI to include other sources and potentially incorporate unclassified controlled information (UCI) with restricted access protocols to address security and confidentiality requirements.

Mapes, NormanJ. [Idaho National Laboratory (INL), ↗

DOE OSTI2022

EGS Collab Experiment 2: Distributed Fiber Optic Temperature Data (DTS)

Distributed fiber optic sensing was an important part of the monitoring system for EGS Collab Experiment #2. A single loop of custom fiber package was grouted into the four monitoring boreholes that bracketed the experiment volume. This fiber package contained two multi-mode fibers and four single-mode fibers. These fibers were connected to an array of fiber optic interrogator units, each targeting a different measurement. The distributed temperature system (DTS) consisted of a Silixa XT-DTS unit, connected to both ends of one of the two multi-mode fibers. This system measured absolute temperature along the entire length of fiber for the duration of the experiment at a sampling rate of approximately 10 minutes. This dataset includes both raw data in XML format from the XT-DTS, as well as a processed dataset with the sections of data pertaining only to the boreholes are extracted. We have also included a report that provides all of the relevant details necessary for users to process and interpret the data for themselves. Please read this accompanying report. If, after reading it, there are still outstanding questions, please do not hesitate to contact us. Happy processing.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗

NASA NTRS2003

Interactive, Secure Web-enabled Aircraft Engine Simulation Using XML Databinding Integration

This paper discusses the detailed design of an XML databinding framework for aircraft engine simulation. The framework provides an object interface to access and use engine data. while at the same time preserving the meaning of the original data. The Language independent representation of engine component data enables users to move around XML data using HTTP through disparate networks. The application of this framework is demonstrated via a web-based turbofan propulsion system simulation using the World Wide Web (WWW). A Java Servlet based web component architecture is used for rendering XML engine data into HTML format and dealing with input events from the user, which allows users to interact with simulation data from a web browser. The simulation data can also be saved to a local disk for archiving or to restart the simulation at a later time.

Lin, Risheng↗

NASA NTRS2002

CAPRI: Using a Geometric Foundation for Computational Analysis and Design

CAPRI (Computational Analysis Programming Interface) is a software development tool intended to make computerized design, simulation and analysis faster and more efficient. The computational steps traditionally taken for most engineering analysis (Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), structural analysis, etc.) are: Surface Generation, usually by employing a Computer Aided Design (CAD) system; Grid Generation, preparing the volume for the simulation; Flow Solver, producing the results at the specified operational point; Post-processing Visualization, interactively attempting to understand the results. It should be noted that the structures problem is more tractable than CFD; there are fewer mesh topologies used and the grids are not as fine (this problem space does not have the length scaling issues of fluids). For CFD, these steps have worked well in the past for simple steady-state simulations at the expense of much user interaction. The data was transmitted between phases via files. In most cases, the output from a CAD system could go IGES files. The output from Grid Generators and Solvers do not really have standards though there are a couple of file formats that can be used for a subset of the gridding (i.e. PLOT3D) data formats and the upcoming CGNS). The user would have to patch up the data or translate from one format to another to move to the next step. Sometimes this could take days. Instead of the serial approach to analysis, CAPRI takes a geometry centric approach. CAPRI is a software building tool-kit that refers to two ideas: (1) A simplified, object-oriented, hierarchical view of a solid part integrating both geometry and topology definitions, and (2) programming access to this part or assembly and any attached data. The connection to the geometry is made through an Application Programming Interface (API) and not a file system.

Haimes, Robert↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Beyond Fair: Engagement, Data Usability, and Open Community Productivity through the NASA Open Science Data Repository

The FAIR principle (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) governs the storage and sharing of NASA space biology and health data[1]. These guiding principles maximize reuse of data and the reproducibility of scientific findings. The NASA Open Science Data Repository (OSDR; an expansion of NASA GeneLab) was built on the FAIR principles and houses over 500 studies and close to 1000 datasets from decades of space life sciences experiments. OSDR embodies the FAIR principles through data governance that includes mediated, embargoed, and fully open access data. The FAIR data governance principles were recently proposed to be expanded to encompass a FAIREST framework for assessing research data repositories (FAIR + Engagement, Social connections, and Trust)[2]. FAIREST emphasizes the importance of data repositories engaging with the scientific community and gaining the trust of researchers regarding data quality. Trust also refers to the TRUST principles developed for assessment of digital repositories: Transparency, Responsibility, User Focus, Sustainability, Technology[3]. We present the “Open Science for Life in Space” Analysis Working Groups (AWGs) as evidence regarding the power of engagement, social connections, and trust which has enhanced OSDR’s capabilities and productivity. AWG members engage in two main activities. One, members provide feedback on OSDR scientific standards for data ingestion, curation, and reuse (study, subject and assay metadata; processing pipelines; dataset formats and uniformed structures for machine-readability). Two, AWG members collaborate to mine-reuse OSDR data to conduct scientific analysis. With nearly 800 active members, the AWGs have resulted in 32 publications re-using OSDR data and contributed many papers in two major special issues in Cell (2020) and Nature (2024). AWGs also serve as networking groups, facilitate social connections between researchers at all levels of experience, and also have a social online ‘Forum’ used to keep members informed on projects and opportunities. This community-centric, productive, and trustworthy data culture has resulted in a broader effect with international space agencies, academics, and the commercial space sector wanting to submit their data to OSDR. Ten studies of Inspiration 4 data were recently publicly released by OSDR, as were some JAXA human data. Coming up soon in OSDR are data submissions from the European Space Agency, Virgin Galactic PIs, and SpaceX Polaris Dawn. A major benefit of OSDR is the array of standardized and uniformly formatted data (which was developed through AWG member consensus), from which visualization tools, analysis tools, and machine learning models can be built or trained. This talk will cover the Multi-Study Visualization Tool, the Environmental Data Application, RadLab, and a UCSF-NSF funded knowledge graph biomedical health discovery tool ‘SPOKE’ currently being integrated with OSDR. OSDR also provides training programs in bioinformatics and machine learning to improve the scientific community’s awareness of data availability and to boost their ability to perform data analysis. The increasing engagement of the scientific community and the public with technologies powered by artificial intelligence (AI) heightens the need for data analysis to be transparent. The AI for Life in Space initiative leverages the data products provided in OSDR to train AI models, with an emphasis on explainable and trustworthy AI, which would not be possible without FAIR data and metadata. Overall, here we will demonstrate the importance for NASA life sciences data repositories to adhere to the FAIREST framework, by providing examples and success stories from different aspects of OSDR.

data↗

DOE OSTI2025

ROOT RNTuple and EOS: The Next Generation of Event Data I/O

For several years, the ROOT team is developing the new RNTuple I/O subsystem in preparation of the next generation of collider experiments. Both HL-LHC and DUNE are expected to start data taking by the end of this decade. They pose unprecedented challenges to event data I/O in terms of data rates, event sizes, and event complexity. At the same time, the I/O landscape is becoming more diverse. HPC cluster file systems and object stores, NVMe disk cache layers in analysis facilities, and S3 storage on cloud resources are mixing with traditional XRootD-managed spinning disk pools.The ROOT team will finalize a first production version of the RNTuple binary format by the end of 2024. After this point, ROOT will provide backward compatibility for RNTuple data. This contribution provides an overview of the RNTuple feature set, the related R&D activities and the long-term vision for RNTuple. We report on performance, interface design, tooling, robustness, integration with experiment frameworks, and validation results, as well as recent R&D on parallel reading and writing and exploitation of modern hardware and storage systems. We will give an outlook on possible future features after a first production release.Collaboratively, the IT and EP departments at CERN have launched a formal project within the Research and Computing sector to evaluate the novel data format for physics analysis data utilized in LHC experiments and other fields. This part of the project focuses on validating the scalability of the EOS storage backend during the transition from the over 25 years old TTree production format to the newly developed RNTuple format, using both replicated and erasure-coded storage profiles.

Blomer, Jakob [CERN]↗

NASA NTRS1979

ORRC/SAIL interface control document for SAIL OFT data tapes, revision A

The formats for all orbital flight tests magnetic tape recordings produced in the Johnson Space Center Shuttle Avionics Laboratories which are required to be processed in the orbiter data reduction complex or by the mission control center network interference processor are described.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS2016

Novel Radiomitigator for Radiation-Induced Bone Loss

Radiation-induced bone loss can occur with radiotherapy patients, accidental radiation exposure and during long-term spaceflight. Bone loss due to radiation is due to an early increase in oxidative stress, inflammation and bone resorption, resulting in an imbalance in bone remodeling. Furthermore, exposure to high-Linear Energy Transfer (LET) radiation will impair the bone forming progenitors and reduce bone formation. Radiation can be classified as high-LET or low-LET based on the amount of energy released. Dried Plum (DP) diet prevents bone loss in mice exposed to total body irradiation with both low-LET and high-LET radiation. DP prevents the early radiation-induced bone resorption, but furthermore, we show that DP protects the bone forming osteoblast progenitors from high-LET radiation. These results provide insight that DP re-balances the bone remodeling by preventing resorption and protecting the bone formation capacity. This data is important considering that most of the current osteoporosis treatments only block the bone resorption but do not protect bone formation. In addition, DP seems to act on both the oxidative stress and inflammation pathways. Finally, we have preliminary data showing the potential of DP to be radio-protective at a systemic effect and could possible protect other tissues at risk of total body-irradiation such as skin, brain and heart.

countermeasure↗

DOE OSTI2025

CROCUS Optical All Precipitation Gauge Data at Argonne National Laboratory Prairie Site

The APG (Optical Scientific Inc. All-Precipitation Gauge 815-DS) dataset contains one-minute measurements of precipitation rate, precipitation accumulation, air temperature, and present weather detection, both in 4680 format and decoded. Data were collected at the Argonne Testbed for Multiscale Observational Science (ATMOS), a 20-acre prairie site at Argonne National Laboratory in Lemont, Illinois. The data is presented as daily NetCDF (.nc) files, each containing approximately 24 hours of observations. Files follow the naming convention of: the project (CROCUS), location (atmos), instrument name (apg), data level (raw, a1), and date (year, month, day). The NetCDF format can be accessed using common scientific software such as Python using xarray, netCDF4 or act-doe.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2019

Leaf Photosynthetic Parameters: Quantum Yield, Convexity, Respiration, Gross CO2 Assimilation Rate and Raw Gas Exchange Data, Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska, 2016

Leaf photosynthetic parameters including quantum yield, convexity, respiration and gross CO2 assimilation rate determined from the response of photosynthesis to irradiance and supporting raw gas exchange data. Measured in Barrow, Alaska in 2016 on six plant species: Arctophila fulva, Arctagrostis latifolia, Carex aquatilis, Eriophorum angustifolium, Petasites frigidus, and Salix pulchra. Version 2 (V2) note (01 Feb 2021): An earlier version of this data contained an incorrectly labeled data column in NGA175_AQfittedParams_Barrow_2016.csv. Mean_Ci was incorrectly labeled as Mean_Ci_LowLight. "_v2" contains the correct data for both of these variables. In December 2020, these data were updated to comply with the leaf-level gas exchange data and metadata reporting format (Ely et al 2020, doi:10.15485/1659484). These updates involved editing of some variable names, change of file formats to csv, addition of AQ curves data (subset of complete instrument output included in the original data package) and inclusion of additional methods and instrument details metadata files. No changes were made to the data. The package includes six *.csv files and one *.pdf. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a 10-year research effort (2012-2022) to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2017

Spatiotemporal changes of seismic attenuation caused by injected CO 2 at the Frio-II pilot site, Dayton, TX, USA

A continuous active source seismic monitoring data set was collected with crosswell geometry during CO 2 injection at the Frio-II brine pilot, near Liberty, TX. Previous studies have shown that spatiotemporal changes in the P wave first arrival time reveal the movement of the injected CO 2 plume in the storage zone. To further constrain the CO 2 saturation, particularly at higher saturation levels, we investigate spatial-temporal changes in the seismic attenuation of the first arrivals. The attenuation changes over the injection period are estimated by the amount of the centroid frequency shift computed by local time-frequency analysis. We observe that (1) at receivers above the injection zone seismic attenuation does not change in a physical trend; (2) at receivers in the injection zone attenuation sharply increases following injection and peaks at specific points varying with distributed receivers, which is consistent with observations from time delays of first arrivals; then, (3) attenuation decreases over the injection time. The attenuation change exhibits a bell-shaped pattern during CO 2 injection. Under Frio-II field reservoir conditions, White's patchy saturation model can quantitatively explain both the P wave velocity and attenuation response observed. We have combined the velocity and attenuation change data in a crossplot format that is useful for model-data comparison and determining patch size. Our analysis suggests that spatial-temporal attenuation change is not only an indicator of the movement and saturation of CO 2 plumes, even at large saturations, but also can quantitatively constrain CO 2 plume saturation when used jointly with seismic velocity.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2019

WHONDRS 48 Hour Diel Cycling Study at HJ Andrews Experimental Forest Watershed 1 (WS1)

This dataset is from a 48 hour sampling campaign at H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon, USA. Filtered surface water and pore water samples were collected every three hours from the Watershed 1 (WS1) stream. Samples were delivered to the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL) for high resolution carbon characterization via Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS). In addition, basic geochemistry analyses (e.g., dissolved organic carbon concentration, cations, anions, SpC, pH) were conducted, standardized photos were taken, surface water hydrographs were collated from existing instrumentation, and extensive metadata were captured. All data types are provided in a standard format. In addition, the data package contains instructions to process the FTICR data based on the user’s specific needs. All data are free to be used for any purpose, such as for manuscripts, presentations, and grant proposals. Please use the data package’s DOI to cite the data package. Note that the included hydrograph has a separate DOI that should also be cited. We ask that you email us at WHONDRS@pnnl.gov to let us know that you're using the data and acknowledge WHONDRS and the U.S. Department of Energy's Subsurface Biogeochemical Research program—which generously provides funding to WHONDRS—in your documents, presentations, etc. There is no obligation to include WHONDRS members as co-authors.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

NASA NTRS1973

Celescope catalog of ultraviolet stellar observations: 5068 objects measured by Orbiting Astronomical Observatory (OAO-2)

During the 16 months that the Celescope Experiment operated, it took 8000 frames of data. This report describes the experiment, the data it gathered, the format of the magnetic tape containing the data, and a number of programs that were written to read and manipulate the tape. The tape version of the catalog contains Data on 5068 stars and is available from the National Space Sciences Data Center.

Davis, R. J.↗

NASA NTRS1972

TRW vortex-lattice method subsonic aerodynamic analysis for multiple-lifting-surfaces (N. surface) TRW program number HA010B

The program was designed to provide solutions of engineering accuracy for determining the aerodynamic loads on single- or multiple-lifting-surface configurations that represent vehicles in subsonic flight, e.g., wings, wing-tail, wing-canard, lifting bodies, etc. The preparation is described of the input data, associated input arrangement, and the output format for the program data, including specification of the various operational details of the program such as array sizes, tape numbers utilized, and program dumps. A full description of the underlying theory used in the program development and a review of the program qualification tests are included.

Gomez, A. V.↗

NASA NTRS1978

Field ionization kinetic and electron impact studies of gas phase transition states - The cyclic bromonium ion

Cis- and trans-isomers of 4-t-butylcyclohexyl bromide were studied to determine the mechanism of cyclic bromonium ion formation. The field ionization kinetic and electron impact data indicate that the formation of the cyclic structure occurs simultaneously with loss of the neutral fragment. The data also show that little or no gas-phase cis-trans isomerization occurs.

Green, M. M.↗