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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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NASA NTRS2008

Signal Detection Theory Applied to Helicopter Transmission Diagnostic Thresholds

Helicopter Health Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS) have potential for providing data to support increasing the service life of a dynamic mechanical component in the transmission of a helicopter. Data collected can demonstrate the HUMS condition indicator responds to a specific component fault with appropriate alert limits and minimal false alarms. Defining thresholds for specific faults requires a tradeoff between the sensitivity of the condition indicator (CI) limit to indicate damage and the number of false alarms. A method using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to assess CI performance was demonstrated using CI data collected from accelerometers installed on several UH60 Black Hawk and AH64 Apache helicopters and an AH64 helicopter component test stand. Results of the analysis indicate ROC curves can be used to reliably assess the performance of commercial HUMS condition indicators to detect damaged gears and bearings in a helicopter transmission.

Dempsey, Paula J.↗

NASA NTRS2009

Signal Detection Theory Applied to Helicopter Transmission Diagnostic Thresholds

Dempsey, Paula J.↗

NASA NTRS2012

Rapid Analysis, Self-Calibrating Array for Air Monitoring

Human space missions have critical needs for monitoring and control for life support systems. These systems have monitoring needs that include feedback for closed loop processes and quality control for environmental factors. Sensors and monitoring technologies assure that the air environment and water supply for the astronaut crew habitat fall within acceptable limits, and that the life support system is functioning properly and efficiently. The longer the flight duration and the more distant the destination, the more critical it becomes to have carefully monitored and automated control systems for life support. Past experiments with the JPL ENose have demonstrated a lifetime of the sensor array, with the software, of around 18 months. The lifetime of the calibration, for some analytes, was as long as 24 months. We are working on a sensor array and new algorithms that will include sensor response time in the analysis. The preliminary array analysis for two analytes shows that the analysis time, of an event, can be dropped from 45 minutes to less than10 minutes and array training time can be cut substantially. We will describe the lifetime testing of an array and show lifetime data on individual sensors. This progress will lead to more rapid identification of analytes, and faster training time of the array.

Self Calibrating↗

DOE OSTI2021

Economic and Environmental Assessment of Biological Conversions of Agile BioFoundry (ABF) Bio-Derived Chemicals

Bio-derived chemicals are an essential part of the growing bioeconomy. They possess the potential to boost a new domestic bioproduct industry, improve the sustainability of integrated biomanufacturing, and reduce U.S. dependence on fossil energy. The Agile BioFoundry (ABF) consortium, a Department of Energy (DOE)-sponsored collaboration, is investigating biobased pathways to produce advantaged products including advanced biofuels, fuel intermediates, and bioproducts. ABF is integrating advanced computational tools for biological engineering, process design and data analysis, and economic/sustainability modeling tools into a comprehensive and dynamic platform for biomanufacturing of microbes and using them to produce key metabolic intermediates or beachhead molecules which may be derivatized into several distinct bioproducts of industrial interest. In this presentation, we first discuss a methodology to select a single exemplar product molecule to represent each beachhead pathway based on similarities with other end-molecule options (yields/titers/rates, fermentation operation mode, oxygen requirements, general separations challenges, etc.), in order to maintain a reasonable number of cases for rigorous process simulation. We then use techno-economic analysis (TEA) and life-cycle analysis (LCA) to highlight sensitivities and trends around economic performance and environmental footprint, reflecting examples for two selected ABF technology pathways to bio-derived chemicals: 1) adipic acid production via muconic acid fermentation from mixed sugars with Pseudomonas putida and 2) cineole via geranyl diphosphate with Rhodosporidium toruloides. We present multi-variable scan plots highlighting key drivers on costs and greenhouse gas emissions in order to identify the parameter space in which each pathway could ultimately achieve economic and environmental sustainability meeting or exceeding commodity product benchmarks, thus prioritizing future R&D focus areas.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2018

Pixelated CZT Technology for the Detection, Identification, and Localization of Gamma-Ray Sources - 18311

Radioactive waste-management applications require good measurements to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize waste materials. Often these measurements must be done in situ, and the user wishes to learn something of the isotopic and spatial distribution of the source. Therefore, there is a need for a portable instrument that can map radioactive contamination and quantify sources. This presentation introduces several instruments that have been applied to this task, along with example measurements in relevant applications. All instruments are based on 3D-position-sensitive CdZnTe (CZT) detectors. This technology routinely achieves better than 1.1% FWHM energy resolution at 662 keV and operates at room temperature with a startup time under 2 minutes. All are packaged in portable enclosures with WiFi and Bluetooth capabilities for wireless communication. These capabilities allow the technology to be used in more advanced measurements in the field. A unique capability of these detectors is the ability to image the spatial distribution of gamma rays from a single stationary measurement. The first product, Polaris-H, has been in use at commercial nuclear power plants since 2013. The system, currently used at over 50% of the US nuclear-power fleet, integrates a 3D-position-sensitive CZT detector, associated readout electronics, an embedded computer, a battery with over 7-hour life, an optical camera, and a laser range finder in a portable water-proof enclosure. The system connects wirelessly to a tablet which displays a gamma-ray spectrum and isotope-specific images of the gamma-ray distribution in all directions in real time. The CZT detectors have a dynamic range from 50 keV up to 3 MeV. Coded aperture or pinhole imaging is used for energies below 250 keV, and Compton imaging is used for energies above 250 keV. List-mode data is saved to an external USB memory stick to enable more advanced analysis, including isotopic activity analysis, via H3D's post-processing software. Additional systems based on the same architecture have been developed to optimize the technology for other applications. These include Polaris-H Quad, which provides over 3 times the sensitivity for applications involving weaker sources, and Polaris-H Shield, which uses a collimator to provide images and isotope information over a narrower field of view in order to measure weaker sources in the presence of stronger sources of the same isotope. H3D has also developed custom systems that have been mounted on robots and drones that enable remote operation of the technology. Results from the measurements collected at commercial nuclear power plants and other applicable sites will be presented to show how these instruments can be used to detect, identify, and localize gamma-ray sources. Advanced analysis techniques to show the accurate quantification of the gamma-ray source will also be presented. Applications range from characterizing simple objects, to locating hottest points, estimating contamination distributions on an isotope-by-isotope basis, and differentiating scatter and direct emissions. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2015

Imperfect World of beta beta-decay Nuclear Data Sets

The precision of double-beta ββ-decay experimental half lives and their uncertainties is reanalyzed. The method of Benford's distributions has been applied to nuclear reaction, structure and decay data sets. First-digit distribution trend for ββ-decay T 2v 1/2 is consistent with large nuclear reaction and structure data sets and provides validation of experimental half-lives. A complementary analysis of the decay uncertainties indicates deficiencies due to small size of statistical samples, and incomplete collection of experimental information. Further experimental and theoretical efforts would lead toward more precise values of-decay half-lives and nuclear matrix elements.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2021

Deep Cellular Recurrent Network for Efficient Analysis of Time-Series Data With Spatial Information

Efficient processing of large-scale time series data is an intricate problem in machine learning. Conventional sensor signal processing pipelines with hand engineered feature extraction often involve huge computational cost with high dimensional data. Deep recurrent neural networks have shown promise in automated feature learning for improved time-series processing. However, generic deep recurrent models grow in scale and depth with increased complexity of the data. This is particularly challenging in presence of high dimensional data with temporal and spatial characteristics. Consequently, this work proposes a novel deep cellular recurrent neural network (DCRNN) architecture to efficiently process complex multi-dimensional time series data with spatial information. Here, the cellular recurrent architecture in the proposed model allows for location-aware synchronous processing of time series data from spatially distributed sensor signal sources. Extensive trainable parameter sharing due to cellularity in the proposed architecture ensures efficiency in the use of recurrent processing units with high-dimensional inputs. This study also investigates the versatility of the proposed DCRNN model for classification of multi-class time series data from different application domains. Consequently, the proposed DCRNN architecture is evaluated using two time-series datasets: a multichannel scalp EEG dataset for seizure detection, and a machine fault detection dataset obtained in-house. The results suggest that the proposed architecture achieves state-of-the-art performance while utilizing substantially less trainable parameters when compared to comparable methods in the literature.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2014

The tomato DWD motif-containing protein DDI1 interacts with the CUL4–DDB1-based ubiquitin ligase and plays a pivotal role in abiotic stress responses

Highlights: • We identify DDI1 as a DAMAGED DNA BINDING PROTEIN1 (DDB1)-interacting protein. • DDI1 interacts with the CUL4–DDB1-based ubiquitin ligase in the nucleus. • DDI1 plays a positive role in regulating abiotic stress response in tomato. - Abstract: CULLIN4(CUL4)–DAMAGED DNA BINDING PROTEIN1 (DDB1)-based ubiquitin ligase plays significant roles in multiple physiological processes via ubiquitination-mediated degradation of relevant target proteins. The DDB1–CUL4-associated factor (DCAF) acts as substrate receptor in the CUL4–DDB1 ubiquitin ligase complex and determines substrate specificity. In this study, we identified a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) DDB1-interacting (DDI1) protein as a DCAF protein involved in response to abiotic stresses, including UV radiation, high salinity and osmotic stress. Co-immunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay indicated that DDI1 associates with CUL4–DDB1 in the nucleus. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated the DDI1 gene is induced by salt, mannitol and UV-C treatment. Moreover, transgenic tomato plants with overexpression or knockdown of the DDI1 gene exhibited enhanced or attenuated tolerance to salt/mannitol/UV-C, respectively. Thus, our data suggest that DDI1 functions as a substrate receptor of the CUL4–DDB1 ubiquitin ligase, positively regulating abiotic stress response in tomato.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2018

LncRNA SNHG20 knockdown suppresses the osteosarcoma tumorigenesis through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway by miR-139/RUNX2 axis

Highlights: • SNHG20 was up-regulated in osteosarcoma samples and its high-expression indicated the poor prognosis. • SNHG20 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, invasion and promoted the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. • SNHG20 knockdown up-regulated the expression levels of caspase-9, caspase-3 and Bax. • miR-139 both targeted with the 3′-UTR of RUNX2 and SNHG20. • SNHG20/miR-139/RUNX2 axis modulates the osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and apoptosis via mitochondrial apoptosis. Increasing evidence has indicated the important roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in human osteosarcoma tumorigenesis. In present study, we aim to investigate the roles of lncRNA SNHG20 (small nucleolar RNA host gene 20) in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and explore the in-depth molecular mechanism. Results showed that lncRNA SNHG20 expression was up-regulated in osteosarcoma samples and its high-expression indicated the poor prognosis. Loss-of-functional experiments indicated that SNHG20 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, invasion and induced the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Specifically, SNHG20 knockdown up-regulated the expression levels of caspase-9, caspase-3 and Bax, indicating that SNHG20 knockdown accelerated the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells via mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that miR-139 both targeted with the 3′-UTR of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and SNHG20, which was verified by luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). In conclusion, our data reveals that lncRNA SNHG20/miR-139/RUNX2 axis modulates the osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and apoptosis via mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, providing a novel insight for the pathophysiological process.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2014

Alterations in the nuclear proteome of HIV-1 infected T-cells

Virus infection of a cell involves the appropriation of host factors and the innate defensive response of the cell. The identification of proteins critical for virus replication may lead to the development of novel, cell-based inhibitors. In this study we mapped the changes in T-cell nuclei during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) at 20 hpi. Using a stringent data threshold, a total of 13 and 38 unique proteins were identified in infected and uninfected cells, respectively, across all biological replicates. An additional 15 proteins were found to be differentially regulated between infected and control nuclei. STRING analysis identified four clusters of protein–protein interactions in the data set related to nuclear architecture, RNA regulation, cell division, and cell homeostasis. Immunoblot analysis confirmed the differential expression of several proteins in both C8166-45 and Jurkat E6-1 T-cells. These data provide a map of the response in host cell nuclei upon HIV-1 infection. - Highlights: • We identify changes in the expression of nuclear proteins during HIV-1 infection. • 163 nuclear proteins were found differentially regulated during HIV-1 infection. • Bioinformatic analysis identified several nuclear pathways altered by HIV infection. • Candidate factors were validated in two independent cell lines.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2014

MO-A-BRD-09: A Data-Mining Algorithm for Large Scale Analysis of Dose-Outcome Relationships in a Database of Irradiated Head-And-Neck (HN) Cancer Patients

Purpose: To develop a framework for automatic extraction of clinically meaningful dosimetric-outcome relationships from an in-house, analytic oncology database. Methods: Dose-volume histograms (DVH) and clinical outcome-related structured data elements have been routinely stored to our database for 513 HN cancer patients treated from 2007 to 2014. SQL queries were developed to extract outcomes that had been assessed for at least 100 patients, as well as DVH curves for organs-at-risk (OAR) that were contoured for at least 100 patients. DVH curves for paired OAR (e.g., left and right parotids) were automatically combined and included as additional structures for analysis. For each OAR-outcome combination, DVH dose points, D(V{sub t}), at a series of normalized volume thresholds, V{sub t}=[0.01,0.99], were stratified into two groups based on outcomes after treatment completion. The probability, P[D(V{sub t})], of an outcome was modeled at each V{sub t} by logistic regression. Notable combinations, defined as having P[D(V{sub t})] increase by at least 5% per Gy (p<0.05), were further evaluated for clinical relevance using a custom graphical interface. Results: A total of 57 individual and combined structures and 115 outcomes were queried, resulting in over 6,500 combinations for analysis. Of these, 528 combinations met the 5%/Gy requirement, with further manual inspection revealing a number of reasonable models based on either reported literature or proximity between neighboring OAR. The data mining algorithm confirmed the following well-known toxicity/outcome relationships: dysphagia/larynx, voice changes/larynx, esophagitis/esophagus, xerostomia/combined parotids, and mucositis/oral mucosa. Other notable relationships included dysphagia/pharyngeal constrictors, nausea/brainstem, nausea/spinal cord, weight-loss/mandible, and weight-loss/combined parotids. Conclusion: Our database platform has enabled large-scale analysis of dose-outcome relationships. The current data-mining framework revealed both known and novel dosimetric and clinical relationships, underscoring the potential utility of this analytic approach. Multivariate models may be necessary to further evaluate the complex relationship between neighboring OARs and observed outcomes. This research was supported through collaborations with Elekta, Philips, and Toshiba.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2016

SU-F-T-369: Validation of Monte-Carlo Beam Model for a Range of Small Fields in Heterogeneous Medium - A Measurement Based Study

Purpose: To validate the Monaco montecorlo beam model for a range of small field in the heterogeneous medium. Methods: A in-house phantom with three different medium of Foam, PMMA and derlin resembling the densities of lung, soft tissue, and bone was used for the study. The field sizes of 8, 16, 24, 32 and 48mm were studied for the validation of montecarlo algorithm using 0.01cc volume ionchamber and gafchromic films. The 6MV photon beam from Elekta Beam modulator was used with 100cm SAD setup. The outputs were measured at the depth of 5, 10 and 20mm in every second medium with 3cm buildup of first medium for the interface of lung-bone, lung-soft tissue, soft tissue-bone, bone-lung and soft tissue-lung. Similarly, the 2D dose analysis with gamma criteria of 2%2mm were done at the same depths using gafchromic film. For all the measurements 10.4×10.4cm were taken as reference to which the other field sizes were compared. Monaco TPSv.3.20 was used to calculate the dose distribution for all the simulated measurement setups. Results: The average maximum difference among the field sizes of 8, 16, 24, 32 and 48mm at the depth of 5mm in second medium with the interface of lung-bone, lung-soft tissue, soft tissue-bone, bone-lung and soft tissue-lung were observed as 1.29±0.14%, 0.49±0.16%, 0.87±0.23%, 0.92±0.11%, 1.01±0.19% respectively. The minimum and maximum variation of dose among different materials for the smallest field size of 8mm were observed as 0.23% and 1.67% respectively. The 2D analysis showed the average gamma passing of 98.9±0.5%. The calculated two-tailed P-value were showed insignificance with values of 0.562 and 0.452 for both ionchamber and film measurements. Conclusion: The accuracy of dose calculation for the small fields in Monaco Montecarlo TPS algorithm was validated in different inhomogeneous medium and found the results were well correlated with measurement data.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2014

Evaluation of the Lawrence Livermore Microbal Detection Array at the Statens Serum Institut CRADA No. TC02189

This was a collaborative effort between Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC as manager and operator of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and Statens Serum Institut to evaluate and transition the Lawrence Livermore Microarray Detection Array (LLMDA) analysis software package, the Composite Likelihood Maximization method (CLiMax) to the SSI. The SSI is a public enterprise under the Danish Ministry of Health that operates a microbiology reference laboratory for the Danish population and analyzes tens to thousands of human clinical samples annually. SSI has been collaborating with the LLNL team for several years to use the LLMDA to analyze viral and bacterial infections from human clinical samples. The collaboration has resulted in two joint publications thus far, describing improvements to LLMDA sample preparation, and the utility of the LLMDA for detecting emerging viruses in clinical samples. Under our previous collaboration, SSI has performed LLMDA experiments at their facility and then transferred the raw LLMDA data to LLNL for analysis. SSI had purchased LLMDA microarrays directly from the manufacturer, Roche NimbleGen. The main purpose of the current collaboration was to adapt the CLiMax analysis software so that it could run on a computer located at SSI. Additional effort was budgeted for LLNL staff to assist SSI with the transition and the operation of the software. The primary deliverable is the CLiMax software, installed on a computer at SSI.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2023

New method for level-lifetime measurements with thick scintillators

Level lifetimes provide key insight into the structure of atomic nuclei and serve as stringent tests of theoretical descriptions. Though several methods for determining level lifetimes exist for both reaction measurements and decay studies, here the focus is on techniques involving the direct measurement of time differences between population and subsequent depopulation of excited states. The techniques presented herein are broadly applicable across multiple timing ranges, but the approach is specifically described for the βγ timing method. A multi-step, amplitude-dependent time walk correction was employed to address the data analysis complications that arise from using thick scintillators for electron detection. Further, additional corrections for the depth of the interaction must also be performed when the parent isotope has been implanted into the detector. Techniques are presented for performing these time walk and depth of interaction corrections. Subsequently, a new Monte Carlo method utilizing measured detector responses obtained from the data, coupled with chi-square minimization, is presented for extracting excited state lifetimes ≳ 100 picoseconds. The framework of this Monte Carlo method is developed for the decay of a state in 68 Zn with a known 1.6 ps half life, which is considered prompt given the detection sensitivity of the technique, and then benchmarked using two other excited states in neutron-rich Ni isotopes with 120(34) ps and 1.05(3) ns half lives. Using this new method which takes into account the thick scintillator used, these same half lives were measured to be 135(10) ps and 1.04(24) ns, respectively. The overall good agreement demonstrates the validity of the technique.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

DOE OSTI2019

Microscopy & Microanalysis 2019 in Portland, Oregon

The Microscopy Society of America (MSA), the Microanalysis Society (MAS), and the International Field Emission Society (IFES) cordially invite you to Microscopy & Microanalysis 2019 in Portland, Oregon. We are excited and honored to feature two Nobel Prize laureates as our plenary lecturers. Our first plenary speaker will be Dr. Joachim Frank, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and of Biological Sciences at Columbia University, New York. He shared with Jacques Dubochet and Richard Henderson the 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for “Developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution.” Our second plenary speaker will be Dr. Richard Henderson of the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology (MRC LMB), Cambridge, UK. He will present a talk titled “Single particle cryoEM: potential for further improvement.” As usual, M&M 2019 will present a great variety of symposia topics in analytical, life, and physical sciences. This year, we have a special symposium: “Cryo-EM – from Physics to Cell Biology: Honoring the Remarkable Legacy of Ken Downing.” It will showcase the late Dr. Downing’s work in single-particle cryo-EM, cryo-electron tomography, and the microscopy methods he used for his seminal discoveries. Preceding the M&M 2019 technical program, we will have two pre-meeting congresses. Education and training are important components of the M&M technical program each year, and 2019 is no exception. Six Sunday short courses on material science, biology, and data analysis will be presented. Additional opportunities are available in tutorials in biology and physical sciences during the meeting week. Finally, our popular microscopy outreach workshop “Project MICRO” will be in the MegaBooth all week. For a complete description of the technical program and educational opportunities, please go to http://www.microscopy.org/MandM/2019. The Call for Papers and other aspects of the program and the meeting are provided under “Scientific Program.” The Executive Program Committee welcomes you to Portland for an excellent and compelling Microscopy & Microanalysis 2019. Catch up with old friends and make new ones! Look for opportunities to attend society business meetings and socials during the week. On behalf of MSA, MAS, IFES, in cooperation with over a hundred symposia organizers and countless volunteers, we look forward to seeing you in Portland this August!

Microscopy, microanalysis↗

DOE OSTI2019

Two new species of the Phimochirus holthuisi complex from the Gulf of Mexico, supported by morphology, color, and genetics (Crustacea: Anomura: Paguridae)

Coloration, gene-sequence data (H3, 12s, 16s), and subtle features in morphology support the description of two new species, both formerly regarded to represent accepted variants of Phimochirus holthuisi s.l. While color in life consistently separates these species from P. holthuisi s.s. and from each other, morphological distinctions are subtle and less than absolute in small specimens, being based on ventral spine counts of walking leg dactyls and relative development of the superior crest on the major chela. Molecular phylogenetic analyses clearly support the separation of sister clades, representing two new species, from P. holthuisi s.s. as well as other congeners available for analysis. Both of the new species are presently known to occur widely throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico, though one occurs more commonly in the northeastern and southeastern Gulf, and may range as far south as Suriname. The other has been taken primarily in the northwestern Gulf, and is not known from outside Gulf waters. While both of the new species appear restricted to relatively deep subtidal waters of the continental shelf, Phimochirus holthuisi s.s. is instead more commonly found in shallow nearshore tropical waters on or near coral reefs. Previous literature reports of P. holthuisi usually represent, at least in part, one or both of these two new species.

Zoology↗

DOE OSTI2024

Equipment Qualification Report Environmental Qualification of GNB Absolyte Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) 1600 Ah100G33 Battery Rack Assembly (24590-QL-POA-EDB0-00001-11-00002_00A)

Greenberry Environmental Qualification Report 550001.001-35.0.5 provides basis for assignment of qualified life for: GNB Absolyte Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) 1600 Ah 100G33 Battery Rack Assembly in accordance with the requirements specified 24590-WTP-3PS-G000-T0015 (Rev 2) and Environmental Qualification Plan 550001.001-35.0.1 (Rev. 3). The equipment qualification basis represents the most conservative capability of the equipment. The analysis performed for the qualification is not less conservative than the bounding environmental conditions detailed in contract documents issued to Greenberry in contract 24509-QL-POA-EDB0-00001 Rev.0. The qualified life of 10 years has been established based upon an end-condition objective of the equipment condition indicators that correlate to the ability of equipment to perform its safety function. The VRLA Battery Cell Assembly was aged by 10 years (minimum) in accordance with conditions specified by Bechtel Equipment Qualification Datasheet 24590-LAW-EUQ-UPE 00003 Rev. 3 and the process conditions specified by the Instrument Data Sheet 24590-LAW EUD-UPE-00009 Rev. 2. Greenberry Industrial has contracted with GNB Industrial Battery Co located at 4115 S Zero St, Fort Smith, AR 72908 to perform age conditioning, monitoring, and capacity testing in accordance with Environmental Qualification Plan 550001.001-35.0.1 Rev. 1. The required process at the stated conditions set by the parameters established by the plan were completed satisfactorily. The details of the of the test process observed by Greenberry is detailed in the attached Seismic Test Log 550001.001-7.0.3, including examples of the objective evidence collected during the qualification process.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2024

Water Resource Assessment In The New Mexico Permian Basin: BLM 2023 Assessment Report

The Permian Basin is the highest producing oil field in the United States and is comprised of three component basins including; the Midland Basin, Delaware Basin and the Marfa Basin. This report describes the work conducted by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to investigate the occurrence of usable water (quality, and depth to water) in the Delaware Sub-basin of the Permian Basin. High Production Areas (HPAs) were identified for the region based on Reasonable Foreseeable Development Scenario (RFD) published by New Mexico Tech University. HPAs were established based on potential for future development of oil reserves. The study was initiated by the BLM-Carlsbad Field Office (CFO) based on concerns that special protections for groundwater in these HPAs may be warranted. A combination of analysis of existing data and field work to collect new data for analysis were used to complete the investigation objectives. This study summarizes the most recent analyses in an ongoing project and builds on previously completed work as listed in Table 1. Advancements in directional drilling and well completion technologies have resulted in an exponential growth in the use of hydraulic fracturing for oil and gas extraction in the Permian Basin. Within the New Mexico portion of the Delaware Sub-basin, water demand to complete each hydraulically fractured well is estimated to average 7.3 acre-feet (2.4 million gallons), resulting in 30 billion barrels of water over the life of the plan or 1.5 billion barrels per year. This rising demand is creating concern for the regions ability to provide the necessary water in a manner that fulfills BLM’s role of protecting human health and the environment while sustainably meeting the needs of various water users in the region. This report documents water-level and water chemistry baselines to aid the BLM in understanding the regional water supply dynamics under various management, policy, and growth scenarios and to pre-emptively identify risks to water sustainability.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗