SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “structural complexity”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Crystal Structures of Ternary Complexes of MEF2 and NKX2?5 Bound to DNA Reveal a Disease Related Pro
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Exploring performance and energy tradeoffs for irregular applications: A case study on the Tilera many-core architecture
High performance, parallel applications with irregular data accesses are becoming a critical workload class for modern systems. In particular, the execution of such workloads on emerging many-core systems is expected to be a significant component of applications in data mining, machine learning, scientific computing and graph analytics. However, power and energy constraints limit the capabilities of individual cores, memory hierarchy and on-chip interconnect of such systems, thus leading to architectural and software trade-os that must be understood in the context of the intended application’s behavior. Irregular applications are notoriously hard to optimize given their data-dependent access patterns, lack of structured locality and complex data structures and code patterns. We have ported two irregular applications, graph community detection using the Louvain method (Grappolo) and high-performance conjugate gradient (HPCCG), to the Tilera many-core system and have conducted a detailed study of platform-independent and platform-specific optimizations that improve their performance as well as reduce their overall energy consumption. To conduct this study, we employ an auto-tuning based approach that explores the optimization design space along three dimensions - memory layout schemes, GCC compiler flag choices and OpenMP loop scheduling options. We leverage MIT’s OpenTuner auto-tuning framework to explore and recommend energy optimal choices for different combinations of parameters. We then conduct an in-depth architectural characterization to understand the memory behavior of the selected workloads. Finally, we perform a correlation study to demonstrate the interplay between the hardware behavior and application characteristics. Using auto-tuning, we demonstrate whole-node energy savings and performance improvements of up to 49:6% and 60% relative to a baseline instantiation, and up to 31% and 45:4% relative to manually optimized variants.
Perspective: Emerging strategies for determining atomic-resolution structures of macromolecular complexes within cells
Not Available
Advancing the Performance of Lithium-Rich Oxides in Cooperation with Inherent Complexities: Engineering Domain Structure
The nanodomain structure of lithium- and manganese-rich, composite cathode materials has been systematically altered through synthesis conditions while keeping larger-scale morphological differences to a minimum. Clear changes in electrochemical performance across the samples studied are observed, especially with respect to the anomalous impedance at low states-of-charge. Atomic-scale modeling, coupled to electrochemical measurements and physical characterization, reveals the local consequences of the high-voltage activation charge process as a function of specific domain structures. Furthermore, the results explain the influence of different postactivation structures on the insertion of Li-ions and the associated impedance during discharge. This work adds to our series of studies on lithium- and manganese-rich oxides, demonstrating that the inherent performance of LMRs can be greatly enhanced through rational, highly controlled synthetic strategies based on an understanding of synthesis–structure–property relationships across length scales.
Structure and Surface Complexation at the Calcite(104)?Water Interface
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Relativistic Effects in Modeling the Ligand K-Edge X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure of Uranium Complexes
Not Available
Lignin-Graft-Poly(lactic- co -glycolic) Acid Biopolymers for Polymeric Nanoparticle Synthesis
A lignin-graft-poly(lactic- co -glycolic) acid (PLGA) biopolymer was synthesized with two types of lignin (LGN), alkaline lignin (ALGN) and sodium lignosulfonate (SLGN), at different (A/S)LGN/PLGA ratios (1:2, 1:4, and 1:6 w/w). 1 H NMR and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the conjugation of PLGA to LGN. The (A/S)LGN-graft-PLGA biopolymers were used to form nanodelivery systems suitable for entrapment and delivery of drugs for disease treatment. The LGN-graft-PLGA NPs were generally small (100–200 nm), increased in size with the amount of PLGA added, monodisperse, and negatively charged (-48 to -60 mV). Small-angle scattering data showed that particles feature a relatively smooth surface and a compact spherical structure with a distinct core and a shell. The core size and shell thickness varied with the LGN/PLGA ratio, and at a 1:6 ratio, the particles deviated from the core–shell structure to a complex internal structure. The newly developed (A/S)LGN-graft-PLGA NPs are proposed as a potential delivery system for applications in biopharmaceutical, food, and agricultural sectors.
Carbene Complexes of Plutonium: Structure, Bonding, and Divergent Reactivity to Lanthanide Analogs
Not Available
Spectroscopic and Computational Investigations of a Mononuclear Manganese(IV)-Oxo Complex Reveal Electronic Structure Contributions to Reactivity
Not Available
The hierarchical structure of organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors and its evolution in water
Polymeric organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors underpin several technologies in which their electrochemical properties are desirable. These properties, however, depend on the microstructure that develops in their aqueous operational environment. We investigated the structure of a model organic mixed ionic–electronic conductor across multiple length scales using cryogenic four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy in both its dry and hydrated states. Four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy allows us to identify the prevalent defects in the polymer crystalline regions and to analyse the liquid crystalline nature of the polymer. The orientation maps of the dry and hydrated polymers show that swelling-induced disorder is mostly localized in discrete regions, thereby largely preserving the liquid crystalline order. Therefore, the liquid crystalline mesostructure makes electronic transport robust to electrolyte ingress. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that cryogenic four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy provides multiscale structural insights into complex, hierarchical structures such as polymeric organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors, even in their hydrated operating state.
RE-p-halobenzoic acid–terpyridine complexes, Part II: structural diversity, supramolecular assembly, and luminescence properties in a series of p-bromobenzoic acid rare-earth hybrid materials
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
RE-p-halobenzoic acid–terpyridine complexes, part III: structural and supramolecular trends in a series of p-iodobenzoic acid rare-earth hybrid materials
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Structural diversity in Cu( i ) complexes of the PNP ligand: from pincer to binuclear coordination modes and their effects upon the electrochemical and photophysical properties
The versatility of PNP ligand in coordinating to Cu( i ) resulted in the formation of emissive complexes with notable structural differences.
Thermodynamic and kinetic studies of H 2 and N 2 binding to bimetallic nickel-group 13 complexes and neutron structure of a Ni(η 2 -H 2 ) adduct
Binding energies for H 2 and N 2 at nickel become more exergonic for the larger group 13 sigma-accepting supports.
Dalton Project: A Python platform for molecular- and electronic-structure simulations of complex systems
The Dalton Project provides a uniform platform access to the underlying full-fledged quantum chemistry codes Dalton and LSDalton as well as the PyFraME package for automatized fragmentation and parameterization of complex molecular environments. The platform is written in Python and defines a means for library communication and interaction. Intermediate data such as integrals are exposed to the platform and made accessible to the user in the form of NumPy arrays, and the resulting data are extracted, analyzed, and visualized. Complex computational protocols that may, for instance, arise due to a need for environment fragmentation and configuration-space sampling of biochemical systems are readily assisted by the platform. The platform is designed to host additional software libraries and will serve as a hub for future modular software development efforts in the distributed Dalton community.