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At least 1,657 records · Page 92

An Electrochemical Electrode to Detect Theophylline Based on Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Composited with Graphene Oxide

The electrochemical analysis of theophylline (THP) was investigated by fabricating a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with graphene oxide (GO) along with copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (CuO-GO/CPE). The impact of electro-kinetic parameters such as the heterogeneous rate constant, the scan rate, the accumulation time, the pH, the transfer coefficient, and the number of electrons and protons transferred into the electro-oxidation mechanism of THP has been studied utilizing electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The differential pulse voltammetry technique was employed to investigate THP in pharmaceutical and biological samples, confirming the limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of the THP. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were performed to characterize the CuO nanoparticles. The CuO-GO/CPE was more sensitive in THP detection because its electrocatalytic characteristics displayed an enhanced peak current in the 0.2 M supporting electrolyte of pH 6.0, proving the excellent sensing functioning of the modified electrode.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Importance of Pipe Deposits to Lead and Copper Rule Compliance

When Madison, Wis., exceeded the lead action level in 1992, residential and off-line tests suggested that lead release into the water was more complex than a lead solubility mechanism. Scale analyses (color and texture as well as mineralogical and elemental composition) of five excavated lead service lines (LSLs) revealed that accumulation of manganese (and iron) onto pipe walls had implications for lead corrosion by providing a high-capacity sink for lead. Manganese that accumulated from source well water onto pipe scales (up to 10% by weight of scale composition) served to capture and eventually transport lead to consumer taps. In addition, manganese sometimes obstructed the predominance of an insoluble (and thus potentially protective) plattnerite [Pb(IV) solid] scale layer. Full LSL replacement in Madison achieved Lead and Copper Rule compliance and a major reduction in lead contamination and exposure, supplemented by unidirectional flushing of water mains and manganese control in the source well water.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Copper foil provides uniform heat sink path

Thermal path prevents voids and discontinuities which make heat sinks in electronic equipment inefficient. The thermal path combines the high thermal conductivity of copper with the resiliency of silicone rubber.

Phillips, I. E., Jr.↗

Copper-acrylic enamel serves as lubricant for cold drawing of refractory metals

Acrylic enamel spray containing metallic copper pigment lubricates refractory metal tubing during cold drawing operations so that the tubing surface remains free from scratches and nicks and does not seize in the die. Zirconium alloys, zirconium, tantalum alloys, niobium alloys, vanandium alloys and titanium alloys have been drawn using this lubricant.

Beane, C.↗

Plastic tubing protects flexible copper hose

Flexible copper purge and coolant hoses is covered with a high-temperature shrinkable plastic for protection against severe vibration during rocket engine tests. This type of tubing is being used on all flexible water tubes used in F-1 engine tests.

Mellgren, B. E.↗

Copper and nickel adherently electroplated on titanium alloy

Anodic treatment of titanium alloy enables electroplating of tightly adherent coatings of copper and nickel on the alloy. The alloy is treated in a solution of hydrofluoric and acetic acids, followed by the electroplating process.

Brown, E. E.↗

Double copper sheath multiconductor instrumentation cable is durable and easily installed in high thermal or nuclear radiation area

Multiconductor instrumentation cable in which the conducting wires are routed through two concentric copper tube sheaths, employing a compressed insulator between the conductors and between the inner and outer sheaths, is durable and easily installed in high thermal or nuclear radiation area. The double sheath is a barrier against moisture, abrasion, and vibration.

Mc Crae, A. W., Jr.↗